相應部48相應10經/解析經第二(根相應/大篇/修多羅)(莊春江譯)[SA.647]
「
比丘們!有這五根,哪五個?信根……(中略)慧根。
比丘們!而什麼是信根?比丘們!這裡,聖弟子是有信者,相信如來的
覺:『像這樣,那位世尊是阿羅漢、遍正覺者、明行具足者、善逝、
世間知者、
應該被調御人的無上調御者、
天-人們的大師、佛陀、世尊。』比丘們!這被稱為信根。
比丘們!而什麼是
活力根?比丘們!這裡,聖弟子為了諸不善法的捨斷、為了諸善法的具足,住於活力已被發動的、強力的、堅固努力的、在諸善法上不放下負擔的。
他為了未生起的諸惡不善法之不生起使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮;為了已生起的諸惡不善法之捨斷使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮;為了未生起的諸善法之生起使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮;為了已生起的諸善法之存續、不忘失、增大、成滿、修習圓滿使意欲生起、努力、發動活力、盡心、勤奮。比丘們!這被稱為活力根。
比丘們!而什麼是念根?比丘們!這裡,聖弟子是有念者,具備最高的
念與聰敏,是很久以前做過的及很久以前說過的記得者、回憶者。
他
在身上隨看身地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的
貪婪、憂後;在諸受上……(中略)在心上……(中略)在諸法上隨看法地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後。比丘們!這被稱為念根。
比丘們!而什麼是定根?比丘們!這裡,聖弟子作
捨棄為所緣後,得到定、得到心一境性。
他就從離諸欲後,從離諸不善法後,
進入後住於有尋、
有伺,
離而生喜、樂的初禪;從尋與伺的平息,
自身內的明淨,
心的專一性,進入後住於無尋、無伺,定而生喜、樂的第二禪;從喜的
褪去、住於
平靜、有念正知、以身體感受樂,進入後住於聖者們告知凡那個『平靜的、具念的、
安樂住的』第三禪;從樂的捨斷與從苦的捨斷,就在之前諸喜悅、憂的滅沒,進入後住於不苦不樂,
平靜、念遍純淨的第四禪。比丘們!這被稱為定根。
比丘們!而什麼是慧根?比丘們!這裡,聖弟子是有慧者,具備導向生起與滅沒、聖、洞察、導向苦的完全滅盡之慧。
他如實知道『這是苦』,如實知道『這是苦集』,如實知道『這是苦滅』,如實知道『這是導向苦滅道跡』。比丘們!這被稱為慧根。
比丘們!這些被稱為五根。」
概要品第一,其
攝頌:
「概要、二則流,阿羅漢二則在後,
沙門婆羅門、應該被看見,解析二則在後。」
SN.48.10/(10) Dutiyavibhaṅgasuttaṃ
480. “Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, indriyāni. Katamāni pañca? Saddhindriyaṃ …pe… paññindriyaṃ. Katamañca, bhikkhave, saddhindriyaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako saddho hoti, saddahati tathāgatassa bodhiṃ– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti– idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, saddhindriyaṃ.
“Katamañca bhikkhave, vīriyindriyaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako āraddhavīriyo viharati akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ upasampadāya, thāmavā daḷhaparakkamo anikkhittadhuro kusalesu dhammesu. So anuppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ anuppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ pāpakānaṃ akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; anuppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ uppādāya chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati; uppannānaṃ kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ṭhitiyā asammosāya bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya bhāvanāya pāripūriyā chandaṃ janeti vāyamati vīriyaṃ ārabhati cittaṃ paggaṇhāti padahati– idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, vīriyindriyaṃ.
“Katamañca bhikkhave, satindriyaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako satimā hoti paramena satinepakkena samannāgato, cirakatampi cirabhāsitampi saritā anussaritā. So kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu …pe… citte …pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ– idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, satindriyaṃ.
“Katamañca, bhikkhave, samādhindriyaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako vossaggārammaṇaṃ karitvā labhati samādhiṃ, labhati cittassa ekaggataṃ. So vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati– idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, samādhindriyaṃ.
“Katamañca bhikkhave, paññindriyaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako paññavā hoti udayatthagāminiyā paññāya samannāgato ariyāya nibbedhikāya, sammā dukkhakkhayagāminiyā. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti– idaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave, paññindriyaṃ. Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañcindriyānī”ti. Dasamaṃ.
Suddhikavaggo paṭhamo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Suddhikañceva dve sotā, arahantā apare duve;
Samaṇabrāhmaṇā daṭṭhabbaṃ, vibhaṅgā apare duveti.