相應部36相應19經/五支經(受相應/處篇/修多羅)(莊春江譯)[SA.485]
那時，木匠五支去見
尊者優陀夷。抵達後，向尊者優陀夷
問訊後，在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的木匠五支對尊者優陀夷說這個：
「
大德優陀夷！多少受被
世尊說？」
「木匠！三受被世尊說：樂受、苦受、不苦不樂受，木匠！這三受被世尊說。」
在這麼說時，木匠五支對尊者優陀夷說這個：
「大德優陀夷！三受不被世尊說，二受被世尊說：樂受、苦受，大德！凡這不苦不樂受者，這被世尊說這在寂靜的勝妙樂中。」
第二次，尊者優陀夷又對木匠五支說這個：
「木匠！二受不被世尊說，三受被世尊說：樂受、苦受、不苦不樂受，這三受被世尊說。」
第二次，木匠五支又對尊者優陀夷說這個：
「大德優陀夷！三受不被世尊說，二受被世尊說：樂受、苦受，大德！凡這不苦不樂受者，這被世尊說這在寂靜的勝妙樂中。」
第三次，尊者優陀夷又對木匠五支說這個：
「木匠！二受不被世尊說，三受被世尊說：樂受、苦受、不苦不樂受，這三受被世尊說。」
第三次，木匠五支又對尊者優陀夷說這個：
「大德優陀夷！三受不被世尊說，二受被世尊說：樂受、苦受，大德！凡這不苦不樂受者，這被世尊說這在寂靜的勝妙樂中。」
既非尊者優陀夷能夠說服木匠五支，也非木匠五支能夠說服尊者優陀夷。
尊者阿難聽到尊者優陀夷與木匠五支一起的這個交談。
那時，尊者阿難去見世尊。抵達後，在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的尊者阿難告訴世尊尊者優陀夷與木匠五支一起有交談之所及的那一切。
「阿難！正存在著
法門木匠五支不非常隨喜優陀夷
比丘，阿難！而且也存在著法門優陀夷比丘不非常隨喜木匠五支。
阿難！二受以法門被我說，三受也以法門被我說，
五受也以法門被我說，六受也以法門被我說，十八受也以法門被我說，三十六受也以法門被我說，
一百零八受也以法門被我說。
阿難！法被我這樣以法門教導；阿難！在法被我這樣以法門教導時，凡將不贊同、不認可、不同意彼此的善說、善講述者，他們的這個能被預期：他們將住於生起爭論的、生起爭吵的、來到爭辯的、
以舌鋒互刺的。
阿難！法被我這樣以法門教導；阿難！在法被我這樣以法門教導時，凡將贊同、認可、同意彼此的善說、善講述者，他們的這個能被預期：他們將住於和合的、和好的、無爭的、水乳交融的、彼此以親切眼睛互看的。
阿難！有這
五種欲，哪五種？能被眼識知的、想要的、喜愛的、合意的、可愛形色的、伴隨欲的、誘人的諸色……（中略）能被身識知的、想要的、喜愛的、合意的、可愛形色的、伴隨欲的、誘人的諸
所觸，阿難！這是五種欲。阿難！凡
緣於這五種欲，樂、喜悅生起，這被稱為
欲樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『{存在者}[眾生們]感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個(我不認可他的這個-MN.59)，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘就從離諸欲後，從離諸不善法後，
進入後住於有尋、
有伺，
離而生喜、樂的初禪，阿難！這是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘從尋與伺的平息，
自身內的明淨，
心的專一性，進入後住於無尋、無伺，定而生喜、樂的第二禪，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘從喜的
褪去、住於
平靜、有念正知、以身體感受樂，進入後住於凡聖者們告知『他是平靜者、具念者、
安樂住者』的第三禪，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘從樂的捨斷與從苦的捨斷，就在之前諸喜悅、憂的滅沒，進入後住於不苦不樂，
平靜、念遍純淨的第四禪，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘
從一切色想的超越，從
有對想的滅沒，從不作意種種想[而知]：『虛空是無邊的』，進入後住於虛空無邊處，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘超越一切虛空無邊處後[而知]：『識是無邊的』，進入後住於識無邊處，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘超越一切識無邊處後[而知]：『什麼都沒有』，進入後住於無所有處，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘超越一切無所有處後，進入後住於非想非非想處，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！凡如果這麼說：『眾生們感受樂、喜悅，這是最高的。』這個我不認可這個，那是什麼原因？阿難！有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢？阿難！這裡，比丘超越一切非想非非想處後，進入後住於
想受滅，阿難！這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
阿難！又，這存在可能性，凡
其他外道遊行者們這麼說：『
沙門喬達摩說想受滅，但
安立它在樂中：這是什麼？這是為什麼？』
阿難！這麼說的其他外道遊行者們應該被這麼回答：『
道友！世尊不只安立與樂受有關的在樂中，道友！而是不論哪裡樂被得到，
不論什麽情況，
如來就安立它在樂中。』」[MN.59]
SN.36.19/(9) Pañcakaṅgasuttaṃ
267. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati yenāyasmā udāyī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “kati nu kho, bhante udāyi, vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti? “Tisso kho, thapati, vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā– imā kho, thapati, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Evaṃ vutte, pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā– sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā, santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, thapati, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā– imā tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Dutiyampi kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā– sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā, santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, thapati, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā– imā tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Tatiyampi kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā– sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā, santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Neva sakkhi āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ saññāpetuṃ, na panāsakkhi pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ saññāpetuṃ. Assosi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmato udāyissa pañcakaṅgena thapatinā saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ.
Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando yāvatako āyasmato udāyissa pañcakaṅgena thapatinā saddhiṃ ahosi kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi.
“Santameva, ānanda, pariyāyaṃ pañcakaṅgo thapati udāyissa bhikkhuno nābbhanumodi; santañca panānanda, pariyāyaṃ udāyī bhikkhu pañcakaṅgassa thapatino nābbhanumodi. Dvepi mayā, ānanda, vedanā vuttā pariyāyena. Tissopi mayā vedanā vuttā pariyāyena. Pañcapi mayā vedanā vuttā pariyāyena. Chapi mayā vedanā vuttā pariyāyena. Aṭṭhārasāpi mayā vedanā vuttā pariyāyena. Chattiṃsāpi mayā vedanā vuttā pariyāyena. Aṭṭhasatampmppi mayā vedanā vuttā pariyāyena. Evaṃ pariyāyadesito kho, ānanda, mayā dhammo. Evaṃ pariyāyadesite kho, ānanda, mayā dhamme ye aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ, na samanumaññissanti, na samanujānissanti, na samanumodissanti, tesaṃ etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ– bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharissantīti. Evaṃ pariyāyadesito kho, ānanda, mayā dhammo. Evaṃ pariyāyadesite kho, ānanda, mayā dhamme ye aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ samanumaññissanti samanujānissanti samanumodissanti, tesaṃ etaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharissantī”ti.
“Pañcime, ānanda, kāmaguṇā. Katame pañca? Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā …pe… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā. Ime kho, ānanda, pañca kāmaguṇā Yaṃ kho, ānanda ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ– idaṃ vuccati kāmasukhaṃ. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu, vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti, yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti– ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ – ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā, paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā, nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā, ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma, ‘anantaṃ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma, ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Ye kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘etaṃparamaṃ santaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti– idaṃ nesāhaṃ nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
“Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, ānanda, vijjati yaṃ aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ vadeyyuṃ– ‘saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samaṇo gotamo āha, tañca sukhasmiṃ paññapeti. Tayidaṃ kiṃsu, tayidaṃ kathaṃsū’ti? Evaṃvādino, ānanda, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evamassu vacanīyā – ‘na kho, āvuso bhagavā sukhaññeva vedanaṃ sandhāya sukhasmiṃ paññapeti. Yattha yattha, āvuso, sukhaṃ upalabbhati, yahiṃ yahiṃ, taṃ taṃ tathāgato sukhasmiṃ paññapetī’”ti. Navamaṃ.