相應部36相應8經/生病經第二(受相應/處篇/修多羅)(莊春江譯)[SA.1029]
有一次,
世尊住在毘舍離大林
重閣講堂。
那時,世尊傍晚時,從
獨坐出來,去病房。抵達後,在設置的座位坐下。坐下後,世尊召喚
比丘們:
「比丘們!比丘應該具念地、正知地等待死時,這是我們為你們的教誡。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是具念者?比丘們!這裡,比丘
在身上隨看身地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的
貪婪、憂後;在諸受上隨看受地住……在心上隨看心地住……在諸法上隨看法地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後,比丘們!這樣,比丘是具念者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是正知者?比丘們!這裡,比丘在前進後退時是
正知的行為者……(中略)在語、默狀態時是正知的行為者,比丘們!這樣,比丘是正知者。
比丘們!比丘應該具念地、正知地等待死時,這是我們為你們的教誡。
比丘們!如果那位住於這樣具念的、正知的、不放逸的、熱心的、自我努力的比丘的樂受生起,他這麼知道:『我有這個已生起的樂受,那有
緣,非無緣,
緣於什麼?就緣於這個觸,但這個觸是無常的、
有為的、
緣所生的,而緣於無常的、有為的、緣所生的觸生起的樂受,將從哪裡有常的?』他在觸上與在樂受上隨看無常地住、隨看消散地住、隨看
離貪地住、
隨看滅地住、
隨看斷念地住。當他在觸上與在樂受上隨看無常地住、隨看消散地住、隨看離貪地住、隨看滅地住、隨看斷念地住時,凡在觸上與在樂受上的
貪煩惱潛在趨勢,那個被捨斷。
比丘們!如果當那位比丘住於這樣具念……(中略)苦受生起……(中略)不苦不樂受生起,他這麼知道:『我有這個已生起的不苦不樂受,那有緣,非無緣,緣於什麼?就緣於這個觸……(中略)』……知道:『以身體的崩解,隨後生命耗盡,就在這裡,一切感受的、無大歡喜的將成為清涼[,遺骸被留下(剩下)-SN.12.51]。』
比丘們!猶如緣於油與緣於燈芯,油燈燃燒。就從那個油與燈芯的耗盡,無食物者被熄滅。同樣的,比丘們!比丘當感受身體終了的感受時,知道:『我感受身體終了的感受。』或當感受生命終了的感受時,知道:『我感受生命終了的感受。』他知道:『以身體的崩解,隨後生命耗盡,就在這裡,一切感受的、無大歡喜的將成為清涼[,遺骸被留下(剩下)]。』」
SN.36.8/(8) Dutiyagelaññasuttaṃ
256. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā vesāliyaṃ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṃ. Atha kho bhagavā sāyanhasamayaṃ paṭisallānā vuṭṭhito yena gilānasālā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā paññatte āsane nisīdi. Nisajja kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi–
“Sato bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajāno kālaṃ āgameyya. Ayaṃ vo amhākaṃ anusāsanī.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ; vedanāsu vedanānupassī viharati… citte cittānupassī viharati… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā, vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sato hoti.
“Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajāno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu abhikkante paṭikkante sampajānakārī hoti …pe… bhāsite tuṇhībhāve sampajānakārī hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajāno hoti. Sato, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sampajāno kālaṃ āgameyya. Ayaṃ vo amhākaṃ anusāsanī.
“Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃ satassa sampajānassa appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato uppajjati sukhā vedanā. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘uppannā kho myāyaṃ sukhā vedanā; sā ca kho paṭicca, no appaṭicca. Kiṃ paṭicca? Imameva phassaṃ paṭicca. Ayaṃ kho pana phasso anicco saṅkhato paṭiccasamuppanno. Aniccaṃ kho pana saṅkhataṃ paṭiccasamuppannaṃ phassaṃ paṭicca uppannā sukhā vedanā kuto niccā bhavissatī’ti! So phasse ca sukhāya ca vedanāya aniccānupassī viharati, vayānupassī viharati, virāgānupassī viharati, nirodhānupassī viharati, paṭinissaggānupassī viharati. Tassa phasse ca sukhāya ca vedanāya aniccānupassino viharato, vayānupassino viharato, virāgānupassino viharato, nirodhānupassino viharato, paṭinissaggānupassino viharato yo phasse ca sukhāya ca vedanāya rāgānusayo, so pahīyati.
“Tassa ce, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno evaṃ satassa …pe… viharato uppajjati dukkhā vedanā …pe… uppajjati adukkhamasukhā vedanā. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘uppannā kho myāyaṃ adukkhamasukhā vedanā; sā ca kho paṭicca, no appaṭicca. Kiṃ paṭicca? Imameva phassaṃ paṭicca …pe… kāyassa bhedā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissantī’ti pajānāti”.
“Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, telañca paṭicca vaṭṭiñca paṭicca telappadīpo jhāyeyya tasseva telassa ca vaṭṭiyā ca pariyādānā anāhāro nibbāyeyya; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘kāyapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. Jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayamāno ‘jīvitapariyantikaṃ vedanaṃ vedayāmī’ti pajānāti. ‘Kāyassa bhedā uddhaṃ jīvitapariyādānā idheva sabbavedayitāni anabhinanditāni sītībhavissantī’ti pajānātī”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.