相應部12相應4經/毘婆尸經(因緣相應/因緣篇/修多羅)(莊春江譯)[SA.366]
住在舍衛城……(中略)。
「
比丘們!就在毘婆尸
世尊、
阿羅漢、遍正覺者的
正覺以前,當還是未
現正覺的
菩薩時想這個:『唉!這個世間確實已陷入苦難:被生、衰老、死去、
死沒、再生,然而,不知道這老死苦的
出離,什麼時候這老死苦的出離才將被知道?』[DN.14, 57段]
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時老死存在呢?以什麼
為緣有老死(而老死存在)?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從
如理作意,以慧有
現觀:『在生存在時老死存在;以生為緣而有老死)。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時生存在呢?以什麼為緣有生?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在有存在時生存在;以有為緣而有生。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時有存在呢?以什麼為緣而有有?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在取存在時有存在;以取為緣而有有。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時取存在呢?以什麼為緣而有取?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在渴愛存在時取存在;以渴愛為緣而有取。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時渴愛存在呢?以什麼為緣而有渴愛?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在受存在時渴愛存在;以受為緣而有渴愛。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時受存在呢?以什麼為緣而有受?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在觸存在時受存在;以觸為緣而有受。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時觸存在呢?以什麼為緣而有觸?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在六處存在時觸存在;以六處為緣而有觸。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時六處存在呢?以什麼為緣而有六處?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在名色存在時六處存在;以名色為緣而有六處。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時名色存在呢?以什麼為緣而有名色?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在識存在時名色存在;以識為緣而有名色。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時識存在呢?以什麼為緣而有識?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在諸行存在時識存在;以行為緣而有識。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼存在時諸行存在呢?以什麼為緣而有諸行?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在
無明存在時諸行存在;以無明為緣而有諸行。』
像這樣,以無明為緣而有諸行;以行為緣而有識……(中略)這樣是這整個
苦蘊的
集。
『
集!集!』比丘們!在以前不曾聽聞的諸法上,毘婆尸菩薩的眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,
光生起。
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時老死不存在呢?以什麼滅而有老死滅(而老死滅存在)?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在生不存在時老死不存在;以生滅而有老死滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時生不存在呢?以什麼滅而有生滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在有不存在時生不存在;以有滅而有生滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時有不存在呢?以什麼滅而有有滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在取不存在時有不存在;以取滅而有有滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時取不存在呢?以什麼滅而有取滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在渴愛不存在時取不存在;以渴愛滅而有取滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時渴愛不存在呢?以什麼滅而有渴愛滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在受不存在時渴愛不存在;以受滅而有渴愛滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時受不存在呢?以什麼滅而有受滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在觸不存在時受不存在;以觸滅而有受滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時觸不存在呢?以什麼滅而有觸滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在六處不存在時觸不存在;以六處滅而有觸滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時六處不存在呢?以什麼滅而有六處滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在名色不存在時六處不存在;以名色
滅而六處滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時名色不存在呢?以什麼滅而有名色滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在識不存在時名色不存在;以識滅而有名色滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時識不存在呢?以什麼滅而有識滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在諸行不存在時識不存在;以行滅而有識滅。』
比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩想這個:『在什麼不存在時諸行不存在呢?以什麼滅而有行滅?』比丘們!那時,毘婆尸菩薩從如理作意,以慧有現觀:『在無明不存在時諸行不存在;以無明滅而有行滅。』
像這樣,以無明滅而有行滅;以行滅而有識滅……(中略)這樣是這整個苦蘊的
滅。
『滅!滅!』比丘們!在以前不曾聽聞的諸法上,毘婆尸菩薩的眼生起,智生起,慧生起,明生起,光生起。」
(對七佛都應該那樣使之被細說)
SN.12.4/(4) Vipassīsuttaṃ
4. Sāvatthiyaṃ viharati …pe… “vipassissa, bhikkhave, bhagavato arahato sammāsambuddhassa pubbeva sambodhā anabhisambuddhassa bodhisattasseva sato etadahosi– ‘kicchaṃ vatāyaṃ loko āpanno jāyati ca jīyati ca mīyati ca cavati ca upapajjati ca. Atha ca panimassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ nappajānāti jarāmaraṇassa. Kudāssu nāma imassa dukkhassa nissaraṇaṃ paññāyissati jarāmaraṇassā’”ti?
“Atha kho bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā jarāmaraṇan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘jātiyā kho sati jarāmaraṇaṃ hoti, jātipaccayā jarāmaraṇan’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati jāti hoti, kiṃpaccayā jātī’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘bhave kho sati jāti hoti, bhavapaccayā jātī’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati bhavo hoti, kiṃpaccayā bhavo’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘upādāne kho sati bhavo hoti, upādānapaccayā bhavo’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā upādānan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘taṇhāya kho sati upādānaṃ hoti, taṇhāpaccayā upādānan’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati taṇhā hoti, kiṃpaccayā taṇhā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘vedanāya kho sati taṇhā hoti, vedanāpaccayā taṇhā’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati vedanā hoti, kiṃpaccayā vedanā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘phasse kho sati vedanā hoti, phassapaccayā vedanā’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati phasso hoti, kiṃpaccayā phasso’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘saḷāyatane kho sati phasso hoti, saḷāyatanapaccayā phasso’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā saḷāyatanan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘nāmarūpe kho sati saḷāyatanaṃ hoti, nāmarūpapaccayā saḷāyatanan’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā nāmarūpan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘viññāṇe kho sati nāmarūpaṃ hoti viññāṇapaccayā nāmarūpan’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, kiṃpaccayā viññāṇan’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘saṅkhāresu kho sati viññāṇaṃ hoti, saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇan’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi ‘kimhi nu kho sati saṅkhārā honti, kiṃpaccayā saṅkhārā’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘avijjāya kho sati saṅkhārā honti, avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā’”ti.
“Iti hidaṃ avijjāpaccayā saṅkhārā; saṅkhārapaccayā viññāṇaṃ …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hoti. ‘Samudayo, samudayo’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘jātiyā kho asati jarāmaraṇaṃ na hoti, jātinirodhā jarāmaraṇanirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati jāti na hoti kissa nirodhā jātinirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘bhave kho asati jāti na hoti, bhavanirodhā jātinirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati bhavo na hoti, kissa nirodhā bhavanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘upādāne kho asati bhavo na hoti, upādānanirodhā bhavanirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā upādānanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘taṇhāya kho asati upādānaṃ na hoti, taṇhānirodhā upādānanirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati taṇhā na hoti, kissa nirodhā taṇhānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘vedanāya kho asati taṇhā na hoti, vedanānirodhā taṇhānirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati vedanā na hoti, kissa nirodhā vedanānirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘phasse kho asati vedanā na hoti, phassanirodhā vedanānirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati phasso na hoti, kissa nirodhā phassanirodho’ti? Atha kho bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘saḷāyatane kho asati phasso na hoti, saḷāyatananirodhā phassanirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘nāmarūpe kho asati saḷāyatanaṃ na hoti, nāmarūpanirodhā saḷāyatananirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘viññāṇe kho asati nāmarūpaṃ na hoti, viññāṇanirodhā nāmarūpanirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, kissa nirodhā viññāṇanirodho’ti? Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘saṅkhāresu kho asati viññāṇaṃ na hoti, saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho’”ti.
“Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa etadahosi– ‘kimhi nu kho asati saṅkhārā na honti, kissa nirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’ti Atha kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa yoniso manasikārā ahu paññāya abhisamayo– ‘avijjāya kho asati saṅkhārā na honti, avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho’”ti.
“Iti hidaṃ avijjānirodhā saṅkhāranirodho; saṅkhāranirodhā viññāṇanirodho …pe… evametassa kevalassa dukkhakkhandhassa nirodho hotīti. ‘Nirodho, nirodho’ti kho, bhikkhave, vipassissa bodhisattassa pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu cakkhuṃ udapādi, ñāṇaṃ udapādi, paññā udapādi, vijjā udapādi, āloko udapādi”. Catutthaṃ.
(Sattannampi buddhānaṃ evaṃ vitthāretabbo).