經號:   
   (中部129經 更新)
中部129經/愚者賢智者經(空品[13])(莊春江譯)[MA.199]
  被我這麼聽聞
  有一次世尊住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。
  在那裡,世尊召喚比丘們:「比丘們!」
  「尊師!」那些比丘回答世尊。
  世尊說這個:
  「比丘們!有這三種愚者的愚者的特徵愚者的相愚者的所行,哪三種?比丘們!這裡,愚者是惡思惟的思惟者、惡言說的說者、惡行為的作者。比丘們!如果這位愚者不是惡思惟的思惟者、惡言說的說者、惡行為的作者,以什麼賢智者們知道他:『這位尊師是愚者、非善人。』比丘們!但因為愚者是惡思惟的思惟者、惡言說的說者、惡行為的作者,因此,賢智者們知道他:『這位尊師是愚者、非善人。』[AN.3.3]比丘們!那位愚者他在當生中感受三種苦憂:
  比丘們!如果愚者坐在集會所,或坐在街道,或坐在十字路,在那裡,如果人們討論關於那個的、相應那個的談論,比丘們!如果愚者是殺生者,是未被給與的拿取者,是邪淫者,是妄語者,是榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,比丘們!在那裡,愚者這麼想:『凡人們討論關於那個的、相應那個的談論者,那些法就存在我之中,以及我在那些法中被看見。』比丘們!這是愚者在當生中感受的第一個苦憂法。(246)
  再者,比丘們!愚者看見國王們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後,使施加種種刑罰:以鞭打,也以棒打,也以手杖打,也切斷手,也切斷腳,也切斷手與腳,也切斷耳,也切斷鼻,也切斷耳與鼻,也施加酸粥鍋刑,也施加貝禿刑,也施加羅侯口刑,也施加火鬘刑,也施加燭手刑,也施加驅行刑,也施加樹皮衣刑,也施加羚羊刑,也施加鉤肉刑,也施加錢刑,也施加鹼浴刑,也施加扭轉門閂刑,也施加稻草足踏台刑,也淋熱油,也使以諸狗咬,也使活者在尖物上刺入,也以刀切斷頭,比丘們!在那裡,愚者這麼想:『如這樣惡行為之因,國王們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後,使施加種種刑罰:以鞭打……(中略)也以刀切斷頭,那些法就存在我之中,以及我在那些法中被看見,如果國王們也知道我,國王們也捕捉我後,使施加種種刑罰:以鞭打……(中略)也使活者在尖物上刺入,也以刀切斷頭。』比丘們!這也是愚者在當生中感受的第二個苦憂法。(247)
  再者,比丘們!對登上椅子的,或登上臥床的,或躺臥在地上的愚者,凡他的在以前以身惡行、以語惡行、以意惡行所作的惡行為,在那時,他的那些垂掛、懸掛、垂下,比丘們!猶如傍晚時大山頂的影子在大地上垂掛、懸掛、垂下。同樣的,比丘們!對登上椅子的,或登上臥床的,或躺臥在地上的愚者,凡他的在以前以身惡行、以語惡行、以意惡行所作的惡行為,在那時,他的那些垂掛、懸掛、垂下。比丘們!在那裡,愚者這麼想:『確實,我的好的沒被做,善的沒被做,恐怖的救護沒被做,惡的被做,兇暴的被做,罪行被做,先生!所有好的沒被做者的,善的沒被做者的,恐怖的救護沒被做者的,惡的被做者的,兇暴的被做者的,罪行被做者的趣處,死後我走到那個趣處。』他憂愁、疲累、悲泣、搥胸地號哭,來到迷亂,比丘們!這也是愚者在當生中感受的第三個苦憂法。
  比丘們!那位愚者他以身行惡行,以語行惡行,以意行惡行後,以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界惡趣下界、地獄。凡當正確說它時,應該說『一向不想要的,一向不愉快的,一向不合意的』,就是地獄,當正確說時,應該說『一向不想要的,一向不愉快的,一向不合意的』。比丘們!但這不容易有地獄多麼苦到那個程度的譬喻。」(248)
  在這麼說時,某位比丘對世尊說這個:
  「大德!那麼,能夠作譬喻?」
  「比丘!能夠。」世尊說。
  「比丘們!猶如捕捉盜賊、罪犯後他們對國王展示:『陛下!這位是盜賊、罪犯,請你對這位判決凡你想要的那個處罰。』國王隨即這麼說:『先生!請你們去,請你們午前時以百槍打擊這位男子。』午前時他們以百槍打擊他。然後,中午時國王這麼說:『喂!那位男子怎樣了?』『大王!同樣活著。』國王隨即這麼說:『先生!請你們去,請你們中午時以百槍打擊那位男子。』中午時他們以百槍打擊他。然後,傍晚時國王這麼說:『喂!那位男子怎樣了?』『大王!同樣活著。』國王隨即這麼說:『先生!請你們去,請你們傍晚時以百槍打擊那位男子。』傍晚時他們以百槍打擊他。比丘們!你們怎麼想它:是否被三百槍打擊的那位男子從那個因由感受苦憂呢?」
  「大德!即使被一槍打擊的那個男子,從那個因由感受苦憂,更不用說被三百槍。」(249)
  那時,世尊拿起拳頭大小的石頭後,召喚比丘們:
  「比丘們!你們怎麼想它:哪個是比較大的:凡被我拿起拳頭大小的石頭,與凡喜馬拉雅山山王?」
  「大德!被世尊拿起拳頭大小的石頭是少量的,比較喜馬拉雅山山王後,不來到計算,也不來到比較,也不來到十六分之一的部分。」
  「同樣的,比丘們!被三百槍打擊的那位男子從那個因由感受苦憂,比較地獄的苦後,不來到計算,也不來到比較,也不來到十六分之一的部分。
  比丘們!獄卒們對他作五種繫縛刑罰:使赤熱鐵棒走入手掌中,使赤熱鐵棒走入第二隻手掌,使赤熱鐵棒走入腳掌中,使赤熱鐵棒走入第二隻腳掌中,使赤熱鐵棒走入中間胸部中。他在那裡感受苦的、激烈的、猛烈的、強烈的感受,且都不命終,直到那個惡業消滅。比丘們!獄卒們使他躺臥後,以斧頭削他。他在那裡……苦的、激烈的……(中略)消滅。比丘們!獄卒們腳上頭下抓住他後,以小斧削他。他在那裡……苦的、激烈的……(中略)消滅。比丘們!獄卒們使在車上上軛後,使在熾然的、燃燒的、發紅的地上前行及回來。他在那裡……苦的、激烈的……(中略)消滅。比丘們!獄卒們使他登上熾然的、燃燒的、發紅的大炭火山,及下來。他在那裡感受苦的、激烈的、猛烈的、強烈的感受,且都不命終,直到那個惡業消滅。比丘們!獄卒們腳上頭下抓住他後,扔入赤熱的、熾然的、燃燒的、發紅的銅鍋中,他在那裡被起泡沫地煮。在那裡,被起泡沫地煮的他一度向上走,及一度向下走,及一度橫向走,他在那裡感受苦的、激烈的、猛烈的、強烈的感受,且都不命終,直到那個惡業消滅。比丘們!獄卒們扔他入大地獄,比丘們!又,那個大地獄:
  四個角落有四個門,被等分量地分開,
  周邊為鐵壁,被鐵覆蓋。
  它的地是鐵製的,被火繫結、燃燒,
  全部一百由旬,時時遍佈後存續。
  比丘們!即使我能以各種法門說地獄論,但這不容易以故事那個程度得到地獄多麼苦。(250)
  比丘們!有草食的畜生生類,牠們以牙齒拉斷地咀嚼新鮮的草及乾草。比丘們!而哪些是草食的畜生生類呢?象、馬、牛、驢、羊、鹿,及又或凡其它任何草食的畜生生類。比丘們!那位愚者他以前在這裡有好吃的,在這裡作惡行為後,以身體的崩解,死後往生那些眾生的共住狀態:凡那些草食眾生。
  比丘們!有糞食的畜生生類,牠們就從遠處聞糞的氣味後跑來:『在這裡,我們將能吃,在這裡,我們將能吃。』比丘們!猶如婆羅門以祭品的氣味跑來:『在這裡,我們將能吃,在這裡,我們將能吃。』同樣的,比丘們!有糞食的畜生生類,牠們就從遠處聞糞的氣味後跑來:『在這裡,我們將能吃,在這裡,我們將能吃。』比丘們!而哪些是糞食的畜生生類呢?雞、豬、狗、狐狼,及又或凡其它任何糞食的畜生生類。比丘們!那位愚者他以前在這裡有好吃的,在這裡作惡行為後,以身體的崩解,死後往生那些糞食眾生的共住狀態:凡那些糞食眾生。
  比丘們!有在黑暗中生、在黑暗中衰老、在黑暗中死的畜生生類。比丘們!而哪些是在黑暗中生、在黑暗中衰老、在黑暗中死的畜生生類呢?昆蟲、蛆蟲、蚯蚓,及又或凡其它任何在黑暗中生、在黑暗中衰老、在黑暗中死的畜生生類。比丘們!那位愚者他以前在這裡有好吃的,在這裡作惡行為後,以身體的崩解,死後往生那些眾生們的共住狀態:凡那些在黑暗中生、在黑暗中衰老、在黑暗中死的眾生。
  比丘們!有在水中生、在水中衰老、在水中死的畜生生類。比丘們!而哪些是在水中生、在水中衰老、在水中死的畜生生類呢?魚、龜、鱷魚,及又或凡其它任何在水中生、在水中衰老、在水中死的畜生生類。比丘們!那位愚者他以前在這裡有好吃的,在這裡作惡行為後,以身體的崩解,死後往生那些眾生們的共住狀態:凡那些在水中生、在水中衰老、在水中死的眾生。
  比丘們!有在不淨中生、在不淨中衰老、在不淨中死的畜生生類。比丘們!而哪些是在不淨中生、在不淨中衰老、在不淨中死的畜生生類呢?比丘們!凡那些在腐魚中生,或在腐魚中衰老,或在腐魚中死,或在腐屍中……(中略)或在腐粥中……或在污水坑中……或在淺水坑中生……(在不淨中生、在不淨中衰老、在不淨中死的畜生生類。)比丘們!那位愚者他以前在這裡有好吃的,在這裡作惡行為後,以身體的崩解,死後往生那些眾生們的共住狀態:凡那些在不淨中生、在不淨中衰老、在不淨中死的眾生。
  比丘們!即使我能以各種法門說畜生界論,但這不容易以故事那個程度得到畜生界多麼苦。(251)
  比丘們!猶如男子在大海投入單孔軛,隨即,東風帶往西;西風帶往東;北風帶往南;南風帶往北,在那裡有隻盲龜,牠每經過一百年浮出一次。比丘們!你們怎麼想它:是否那隻盲龜,使頸部進入那個單孔軛中呢?」(「大德!這確實不是。」)
  「大德!如果偶爾經過長時間。」
  「比丘們!那隻盲龜使頭伸入單孔軛中比較快,比丘們!我說,比愚者落入惡趣一次,從那以後成為人的狀態是更難得到的,那是什麼原因?比丘們!因為在這裡沒有法行、正行,善業、福業,比丘們!在這裡輾轉吞食的、弱者吞食的轉起。
  比丘們!那位愚者他如果偶爾經過長時間來到人的狀態,凡那些卑賤家:旃陀羅家,或獵人家,或竹匠家,或車匠家,或清垃圾家,再生在像那樣的家中:在貧窮處、在少食物飲料處、在生活困難處,於該處,糧食、衣物被困難地得到,以及他是醜陋者、醜惡者、矮小者、多種疾病者:瞎一眼,或手彎曲畸形,或跛腳,或半身不遂者,不是食物、飲料、衣服、交通工具、花環、香料、塗油、臥床、房舍、燈燭的得到者,他以身行惡行,以語行惡行,以意行惡行。他以身行惡行,以語行惡行,以意行惡行後,以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。
  比丘們!猶如賭徒僅以第一個不幸運的擲骰子就失去兒子,也失去妻子,也失去自己全部的財產,也更遭受增上繫縛。比丘們!那個不幸運的擲骰子是小事:凡賭徒僅以第一個不幸運的擲骰子就失去兒子,也失去妻子,也失去自己全部的財產,也更遭受增上繫縛,反而這正是比那個更大不幸運的擲骰子:凡那位愚者以身行惡行,以語行惡行,以意行惡行後,以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。比丘們!這是完全完成的愚者階位。(252)
  比丘們!有這三種賢智者的賢智者的特相、賢智者的相、賢智者的事證,哪三種?比丘們!這裡,賢智者是善思惟的思惟者、善言說的言說者、善行為的作者。比丘們!如果賢智者不是善思惟的思惟者、善言說的言說者、善行為的作者,以什麼賢智者們知道他:『這位尊師是賢智者、善人。』比丘們!但因為賢智者是善思惟的思惟者、善言說的言說者、善行為的作者,因此,賢智者們知道他:『這位尊師是賢智者、善人。』比丘們!那位賢智者他在當生中感受三種快樂喜悅:
  比丘們!如果賢智者坐在集會所,或坐在街道,或坐在十字路,在那裡,如果人們討論關於那個的、相應那個的談論,比丘們!如果賢智者是離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,比丘們!在那裡,賢智者這麼想:『凡人們討論關於那個的、相應那個的談論者,那些法就存在我之中,以及我在那些法中被看見。』比丘們!這是賢智者在當生中感受的第一個快樂喜悅法。(253)
  再者,比丘們!賢智者看見國王們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後,使施加種種刑罰:以鞭打,也以棒打,也以手杖打,也切斷手,也切斷腳,也切斷手與腳,也切斷耳,也切斷鼻,也切斷耳與鼻,也施加酸粥鍋刑,也施加貝禿刑,也施加羅侯口刑,也施加火鬘刑,也施加燭手刑,也施加驅行刑,也施加樹皮衣刑,也施加羚羊刑,也施加鉤肉刑,也施加錢刑,也施加鹼浴刑,也施加扭轉門閂刑,也施加稻草足踏台刑,也淋熱油,也使以諸狗咬,也使活者在尖物上刺入,也以刀切斷頭,比丘們!在那裡,賢智者這麼想:『因為像這樣的惡業,國王捕捉盜賊、罪犯後,使施加種種刑罰:以鞭打,也以棒打,也以手杖打,也切斷手,也切斷腳,也切斷手與腳,也切斷耳,也切斷鼻,也切斷耳與鼻,也施加酸粥鍋刑,也施加貝禿刑,也施加羅侯口刑,也施加火鬘刑,也施加燭手刑,也施加驅行刑,也施加樹皮衣刑,也施加羚羊刑,也施加鉤肉刑,也施加錢刑,也施加鹼浴刑,也施加扭轉門閂刑,也施加稻草足踏台刑,也淋熱油,也使以諸狗咬,也使活者在尖物上刺入,也以刀切斷頭,那些法不存在我之中,以及我在那些法中不被看見。』比丘們!這也是賢智者在當生中感受的第二個快樂喜悅法。(254)
  再者,比丘們!對登上椅子的,或登上臥床的,或躺臥在地上的賢智者,凡他的在以前以身善行、以語善行、以意善行所作的善行為,在那時,他的那些垂掛……(中略)比丘們!猶如傍晚時大山頂的影子在大地上垂掛、懸掛、垂下。同樣的,比丘們!對登上椅子的,或登上臥床的,或躺臥在地上的賢智者,凡他的在以前以身善行、以語善行、以意善行所作的善行為,在那時,他的那些垂掛、懸掛、垂下。比丘們!在那裡,賢智者這麼想:『確實,我的惡的沒被做,兇暴的沒被做,罪行沒被做,好的被做,善的被做,恐怖的救護被做,先生!所有好的被做者的,善的被做者的,恐怖的救護沒被做者的,惡的沒被做者的,兇暴的沒被做者的,罪行沒被做者的趣處,死後我走到那個趣處。』他不憂愁、不疲累、不悲泣、不搥胸地號哭,不來到迷亂,比丘們!這也是賢智者在當生中感受的第三個快樂喜悅法。
  比丘們!那位賢智者他以身行善行,以語行善行,以意行善行後,以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。凡當正確說它時,應該說『一向想要的,一向愉快的,一向合意的』,那就是天界,當正確說時,應該說『一向想要的,一向愉快的,一向合意的』。比丘們!但這不容易有天界多麼快樂到那個程度的譬喻。」(255)
  在這麼說時,某位比丘對世尊說這個:
  「大德!那麼,能夠作譬喻?」
  「比丘!能夠。」世尊說。
  「比丘們!猶如轉輪王具備七寶與四種成就,從那個因由感受快樂喜悅,哪七個?比丘們!這裡,當剎帝利灌頂王在十五那個布薩日洗頭,到布薩的殊勝高樓上層時,千輻的、有外輪圈的、有輪轂的、全部行相完備的天之輪寶出現。看見它後,剎帝利灌頂王這麼想:『而這被我聽聞:「凡當剎帝利灌頂王在十五那個布薩日洗頭,到布薩的殊勝高樓上層時,千輻的、有外輪圈的、有輪轂的、全部行相完備的天之輪寶出現,他是轉輪王。」我會是轉輪王嗎?』
  比丘們!那時,剎帝利灌頂王以左手拿起水罐後,以右手灑輪寶:『請輪寶尊師轉起,請輪寶尊師征服。』比丘們!那時,那個輪寶對東方轉起,轉輪王與四種軍一起隨後。比丘們!又,凡輪寶停住處,在那裡,轉輪王與四種軍來到停留。比丘們!又,凡東方的敵對國王們,那些國王來見轉輪王後,這麼說:『大王!請你來!大王!歡迎你!大王!自己的是你的,大王!請你教誡。』轉輪王這麼說:『生命不應該被殺,未給與的不應該被取,邪淫不應該被行,虛妄不應該被說,酒不應該被飲,以及請你們如應該吃的吃。』比丘們!又,凡東方的敵對國王們,他們成為轉輪王的小王(跟隨者)。(256)
  比丘們!那時,那個輪寶進入東方的海後,出來後,對南方轉起……(中略)進入南方的海後,出來後,對西方轉起……進入西方的海後,出來後,對北方轉起,轉輪王與四種軍一起隨後。比丘們!又,凡輪寶停住處,在那裡,轉輪王與四種軍來到停留。比丘們!又,凡北方的敵對國王們,那些國王來見轉輪王後,這麼說:『大王!請你來!大王!歡迎你!大王!自己的是你的,大王!請你教誡。』轉輪王這麼說:『生命不應該被殺,未給與的不應該被取,邪淫不應該被行,虛妄不應該被說,酒不應該被飲,以及請你們如應該吃的吃。』比丘們!又,凡北方的敵對國王們,他們成為轉輪王的小王。
  比丘們!那時,那個輪寶征服海洋為邊界的土地後,就回到那個王都後,看起來像輪軸般住立在轉輪王的內宮門上,美化著轉輪王的內宮門。比丘們!轉輪王像這樣的輪寶出現。(257)
  再者,比丘們!轉輪王的象寶出現:是全白的、七處齊整的、有神通的、空中行走的,名叫布薩的象王。看見牠後,轉輪王心歡喜:『先生!確實是善的象騎,如果來到調御。』比丘們!那時,那頭象寶就猶如長時間善遍調御的賢駿象,就這樣來到調御。比丘們!從前,就對那頭象寶考察的轉輪王午前時登上後,訪問海洋為邊界的土地後,就回到那個王都後用早餐。比丘們!這樣,轉輪王的象寶出現。
  再者,比丘們!轉輪王的馬寶出現:全白的、黑色頭的、毛如文闍草的、有神通的、空中行走的、名叫雷雲的馬王。看見牠後,轉輪王心歡喜:『先生!確實是善的馬騎,如果來到調御。』比丘們!那時,那匹馬寶就猶如長時間善遍調御的賢駿馬,就這樣來到調御。比丘們!從前,就對那匹馬寶考察的轉輪王午前時登上後,訪問海洋為邊界的土地後,就回到那個王都後用早餐。比丘們!轉輪王像這樣的馬寶出現。
  再者,比丘們!轉輪王的珠寶出現:那是美麗的、純正的、八個切割面的、作工細緻的[、清澈的、明淨的、不混濁的、全部行相具足的-DN.17, 248段]琉璃寶珠,比丘們!又,那個珠寶的光明完全地遍滿一由旬。比丘們!從前,就對那個珠寶考察的轉輪王武裝四種軍後,使寶珠掛上旗頂後,在漆黑的夜晚出發。比丘們!又,凡是各處村落,認為是『白天』的他們以那個光明從事諸工作。比丘們!轉輪王像這樣的珠寶出現。
  再者,比丘們!轉輪王的女寶出現:她是美麗者、好看者、端正者、具備最美的容色者、不過高者、不過矮者,不過瘦者、不過胖者,不過黑者、不過白者、超過人的美貌未達天的容色者。比丘們!又,那位女寶有像這樣的身觸:就猶如綿絮或木棉絮。比丘們!又,那位女寶在寒冷時有熱的肢體,在暑熱時有涼的肢體。比丘們!又,從那位女寶的身體散發檀香氣味,從嘴巴散發青蓮氣味。比丘們!又,那位女寶是比轉輪王先起床者、後就寢者、任何行為都順從者、合意行為者、可愛言語者。比丘們!又,那位女寶不以意違犯轉輪王,又從哪裡以身?比丘們!轉輪王像這樣的女寶出現。
  再者,比丘們!轉輪王的屋主寶出現,他業報所生的天眼出現,以那個看見有主人及無主人的伏藏,他去見轉輪王後這麼說:『陛下!請你成為放心的,我將為你作財物應作的事。』比丘們!從前,就對那位屋主寶考察的轉輪王登上船後,進入恒河河流中間後,對屋主寶說這個:『屋主!我以金幣黃金有需要。』『大王!那樣的話,令船靠一邊岸。』『屋主!就在這裡我以金幣黃金有需要。』比丘們!那時,屋主寶以兩手伸入水中後,抓起滿壺的金幣黃金後,對轉輪王說這個:『大王!這個程度足夠?大王!這個程度已做?大王!這個程度已供養?』轉輪王這麼說:『屋主!這個程度足夠,屋主!這個程度已做,屋主!這個程度已供養。』比丘們!轉輪王像這樣的屋主寶出現。
  再者,比丘們!轉輪王的主兵臣寶出現:是賢智者、聰明者、有智慧者,是對轉輪王使應該被接近者能被接近的、不應該被接近者不能被接近的、應該被停留者能被停留的有能力者。他去見轉輪王後這麼說:『陛下!請你成為放心的,我將教誡。』比丘們!轉輪王像這樣的主兵臣寶出現。
  比丘們!轉輪王具備這七寶。(258)
  哪四種成就?比丘們!這裡,轉輪王是英俊者、好看者、端正者、具備最美的容色者,超過其它人。比丘們!轉輪王具備這第一種成就。
  再者,比丘們!這裡,轉輪王是長壽者、久住者,超過其它人。比丘們!轉輪王具備這第二種成就。
  再者,比丘們!這裡,轉輪王是少病者、少病苦者,具備等熟力的消化力:不過寒的、不過熱的,超過其它人。比丘們!轉輪王具備這第三種成就。
  再者,比丘們!這裡,轉輪王是婆羅門與屋主們的可愛者、合意者,比丘們!猶如父親是兒子們的可愛者、合意者。同樣的,比丘們!轉輪王是婆羅門與屋主們的可愛者、合意者。比丘們!婆羅門與屋主們也是轉輪王的可愛者、合意者,比丘們!猶如兒子們也是父親的可愛者、合意者。同樣的,比丘們!婆羅門與屋主們也是轉輪王的可愛者、合意者。比丘們!從前,轉輪王與四種軍出發到遊樂園,比丘們!那時,婆羅門與屋主們去見轉輪王後這麼說:『陛下!請你不急地走,讓我們更久地看你。』比丘們!轉輪王也召喚御車手:『御車手!請你不急地發出[車-DN.17, 252段],如是,讓我更久地看婆羅門與屋主們。』比丘們!轉輪王具備這第四種成就。
  比丘們!轉輪王具備這四種成就。
  比丘們!你們怎麼想它:是否轉輪王具備這七寶與這四種成就,從那個因由感受快樂喜悅呢?」
  「大德!即使具備一寶,轉輪王從那個因由能感受快樂喜悅,更不用說七寶與四種成就。」(259)
  那時,世尊拿起拳頭大小的石頭後,召喚比丘們:
  「比丘們!你們怎麼想它:哪個是比較大的:凡被我拿起拳頭大小的石頭,與凡喜馬拉雅山山王?」
  「大德!被世尊拿起拳頭大小的石頭是少量的,比較喜馬拉雅山山王後,不來到計算,也不來到比較,也不來到十六分之一的部分。」
  「同樣的,比丘們!轉輪王具備七寶與四種成就,從那個因由感受快樂喜悅,比較天的樂後,不來到計算,也不來到比較,也不來到十六分之一的部分。
  比丘們!那位賢智者他如果偶爾經過長時間來到人的狀態,凡那些貴族家:大財富的剎帝利家,或大財富的婆羅門家,或大財富的屋主家,再生在像那樣的家中:在富有處、在大富處、在大財富處、在多金銀處、在多財產資具處、在多財穀處,以及他是英俊者、好看者、端正者、具備最美的容色者,是食物、飲料、衣服、交通工具、花環、香料、塗油、臥床、房舍、燈燭的得到者,他以身行善行,以語行善行,以意行善行。他以身行善行後,以語行善行後,以意行善行後,以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。
  比丘們!猶如賭徒僅以第一個幸運的擲骰子就得到大財富聚集,比丘們!那個幸運的擲骰子是小事:凡賭徒僅以第一個幸運的擲骰子就得到大財富聚集,反而這正是比那個更大幸運的擲骰子:凡那位賢智者以身行善行,以語行善行,以意行善行後,以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界者。比丘們!這是完全完成的賢智者階位。」
  世尊說這個,悅意的那些比丘歡喜世尊的所說。(260)
  愚者賢智者經第九終了。
MN.129/(9) Bālapaṇḍitasuttaṃ
   246. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–
   “Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, bālassa bālalakkhaṇāni bālanimittāni bālāpadānāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Idha, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca. No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca abhavissa dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca kena naṃ paṇḍitā jāneyyuṃ– ‘bālo ayaṃ bhavaṃ asappuriso’ti? Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, bālo duccintitacintī ca hoti dubbhāsitabhāsī ca dukkaṭakammakārī ca tasmā naṃ paṇḍitā jānanti– ‘bālo ayaṃ bhavaṃ asappuriso’ti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo tividhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Sace, bhikkhave, bālo sabhāyaṃ vā nisinno hoti, rathikāya vā nisinno hoti, siṅghāṭake vā nisinno hoti; tatra ce jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti. Sace, bhikkhave, bālo pāṇātipātī hoti, adinnādāyī hoti, kāmesumicchācārī hoti, musāvādī hoti, surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhāyī hoti, tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti ‘yaṃ kho jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti, saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
   247. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bālo passati rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente– kasāhipi tāḷente vettehipi tāḷente addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente hatthampi chindante pādampi chindante hatthapādampi chindante kaṇṇampi chindante nāsampi chindante kaṇṇanāsampi chindante bilaṅgathālikampi karonte saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte rāhumukhampi karonte jotimālikampi karonte hatthapajjotikampi karonte erakavattikampi karonte cīrakavāsikampi karonte eṇeyyakampi karonte baḷisamaṃsikampi karonte kahāpaṇikampi karonte khārāpatacchikampi karonte palighaparivattikampi karonte palālapīṭhakampi karonte tattenapi telena osiñcante sunakhehipi khādāpente jīvantampi sūle uttāsente asināpi sīsaṃ chindante. Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti– ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti– kasāhipi tāḷenti …pe… asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti; saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmi. Maṃ cepi rājāno jāneyyuṃ, mampi rājāno gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kāreyyuṃ– kasāhipi tāḷeyyuṃ …pe… jīvantampi sūle uttāseyyuṃ, asināpi sīsaṃ chindeyyun’ti. Idampi, bhikkhave, bālo dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
   248. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, bālaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe pāpakāni kammāni katāni kāyena duccaritāni vācāya duccaritāni manasā duccaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahataṃ pabbatakūṭānaṃ chāyā sāyanhasamayaṃ pathaviyā olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, bālaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe pāpakāni kammāni katāni kāyena duccaritāni vācāya duccaritāni manasā duccaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, bālassa evaṃ hoti– ‘akataṃ vata me kalyāṇaṃ, akataṃ kusalaṃ, akataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ; kataṃ pāpaṃ, kataṃ luddaṃ, kataṃ kibbisaṃ. Yāvatā, bho, akatakalyāṇānaṃ akatakusalānaṃ akatabhīruttāṇānaṃ katapāpānaṃ kataluddānaṃ katakibbisānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. So socati kilamati paridevati urattāḷiṃ kandati sammohaṃ āpajjati. Idampi, bhikkhave, bālo tatiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
   “Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘ekantaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ akantaṃ ekantaṃ amanāpan’ti, nirayameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘ekantaṃ aniṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ akantaṃ ekantaṃ amanāpan’ti. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi na sukarā yāva dukkhā nirayā”ti.
   249. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātun”ti? “Sakkā bhikkhū”ti bhagavā avoca. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhu, coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā rañño dasseyyuṃ– ‘ayaṃ kho, deva, coro āgucārī, imassa yaṃ icchasi taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya– ‘gacchatha, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti Tamenaṃ pubbaṇhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Atha rājā majjhanhikasamayaṃ evaṃ vadeyya– ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? “‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya– ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ majjhanhikasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Atha rājā sāyanhasamayaṃ evaṃ vadeyya– ‘ambho, kathaṃ so puriso’ti? ‘Tatheva, deva, jīvatī’ti. Tamenaṃ rājā evaṃ vadeyya– ‘gacchatha, bho, taṃ purisaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena hanathā’ti. Tamenaṃ sāyanhasamayaṃ sattisatena haneyyuṃ. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha bhikkhave, api nu so puriso tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyethā”ti? “Ekissāpi, bhante, sattiyā haññamāno so puriso tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha, ko pana vādo tīhi sattisatehī”ti?
   250. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ pāṇimattaṃ pāsāṇaṃ gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi– “taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamo nu kho mahantataro– yo cāyaṃ mayā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito, yo ca himavā pabbatarājā”ti? “Appamattako ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito, himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti”. “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ so puriso tīhi sattisatehi haññamāno tatonidānaṃ dukkhaṃ domanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti taṃ nirayakassa dukkhassa upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti, kalabhāgampi na upeti, upanidhampi na upeti”.
   “Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā pañcavidhabandhanaṃ nāma kammakāraṇaṃ karonti– tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiye hatthe gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ dutiye pāde gamenti, tattaṃ ayokhilaṃ majjhe urasmiṃ gamenti. So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā saṃvesetvā kuṭhārīhi tacchanti. So tattha dukkhā tibbā …pe… byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhaṃpādaṃ adhosiraṃ gahetvā vāsīhi tacchanti. So tattha dukkhā tibbā …pe… byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā rathe yojetvā ādittāya pathaviyā sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya sārentipi paccāsārentipi So tattha dukkhā tibbā …pe… byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahantaṃ aṅgārapabbataṃ ādittaṃ sampajjalitaṃ sajotibhūtaṃ āropentipi oropentipi. So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṃ karoti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā uddhaṃpādaṃ adhosiraṃ gahetvā tattāya lohakumbhiyā pakkhipanti ādittāya sampajjalitāya sajotibhūtāya. So tattha pheṇuddehakaṃ paccati. So tattha pheṇuddehakaṃ paccamāno sakimpi uddhaṃ gacchati, sakimpi adho gacchati, sakimpi tiriyaṃ gacchati. So tattha dukkhā tibbā kharā kaṭukā vedanā vedeti, na ca tāva kālaṅkaroti yāva na taṃ pāpakammaṃ byantīhoti. Tamenaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayapālā mahāniraye pakkhipanti. So kho pana, bhikkhave, mahānirayo–
   “Catukkaṇṇo catudvāro, vibhatto bhāgaso mito;
   Ayopākārapariyanto, ayasā paṭikujjito.
   “Tassa ayomayā bhūmi, jalitā tejasā yutā;
   Samantā yojanasataṃ, pharitvā tiṭṭhati sabbadā”.
   “Anekapariyāyenapi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, nirayakathaṃ katheyyaṃ; yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, na sukarā akkhānena pāpuṇituṃ yāva dukkhā nirayā.
   251. “Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā. Te allānipi tiṇāni sukkhānipi tiṇāni dantullehakaṃ khādanti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā? Hatthī assā goṇā gadrabhā ajā migā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā tiṇabhakkhā. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā tiṇabhakkhā.
   “Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā. Te dūratova gūthagandhaṃ ghāyitvā dhāvanti– ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti. Seyyathāpi nāma brāhmaṇā āhutigandhena dhāvanti– ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, santi tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā, te dūratova gūthagandhaṃ ghāyitvā dhāvanti– ‘ettha bhuñjissāma, ettha bhuñjissāmā’ti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā? Kukkuṭā sūkarā soṇā siṅgālā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā gūthabhakkhā. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā gūthabhakkhā.
   “Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti? Kīṭā puḷavā gaṇḍuppādā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo, idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā andhakāre jāyanti andhakāre jīyanti andhakāre mīyanti.
   “Santi, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti? Macchā kacchapā susumārā, ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā udakasmiṃ jāyanti udakasmiṃ jīyanti udakasmiṃ mīyanti.
   “Santi bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti. Katame ca, bhikkhave, tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti? Ye te, bhikkhave, sattā pūtimacche vā jāyanti pūtimacche vā jīyanti pūtimacche vā mīyanti pūtikuṇape vā …pe… pūtikummāse vā… candanikāya vā… oligalle vā jāyanti, (ye vā panaññepi keci tiracchānagatā pāṇā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti.) Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo idha pubbe rasādo idha pāpāni kammāni karitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tesaṃ sattānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjati ye te sattā asucismiṃ jāyanti asucismiṃ jīyanti asucismiṃ mīyanti.
   “Anekapariyāyenapi kho ahaṃ, bhikkhave, tiracchānayonikathaṃ katheyyaṃ; yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, na sukaraṃ akkhānena pāpuṇituṃ yāva dukkhā tiracchānayoni.
   252. “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, puriso ekacchiggalaṃ yugaṃ mahāsamudde pakkhipeyya. Tamenaṃ puratthimo vāto pacchimena saṃhareyya, pacchimo vāto puratthimena saṃhareyya, uttaro vāto dakkhiṇena saṃhareyya, dakkhiṇo vāto uttarena saṃhareyya. Tatrāssa kāṇo kacchapo, so vassasatassa vassasatassa accayena sakiṃ ummujjeyya. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu so kāṇo kacchapo amusmiṃ ekacchiggale yuge gīvaṃ paveseyyā”ti? (“no hetaṃ, bhante”.) “Yadi pana, bhante, kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayenā”ti. “Khippataraṃ kho so, bhikkhave, kāṇo kacchapo amusmiṃ ekacchiggale yuge gīvaṃ paveseyya, ato dullabhatarāhaṃ, bhikkhave, manussattaṃ vadāmi sakiṃ vinipātagatena bālena. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hettha, bhikkhave, atthi dhammacariyā samacariyā kusalakiriyā puññakiriyā. Aññamaññakhādikā ettha, bhikkhave, vattati dubbalakhādikā”.
   “Sa kho so, bhikkhave, bālo sace kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena manussattaṃ āgacchati, yāni tāni nīcakulāni– caṇḍālakulaṃ vā nesādakulaṃ vā venakulaṃ vā rathakārakulaṃ vā pukkusakulaṃ vā. Tathārūpe kule paccājāyati dalidde appannapānabhojane kasiravuttike, yattha kasirena ghāsacchādo labbhati. So ca hoti dubbaṇṇo duddasiko okoṭimako bavhābādho kāṇo vā kuṇī vā khujjo vā pakkhahato vā na lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena duccaritaṃ carati vācāya duccaritaṃ carati manasā duccaritaṃ carati. So kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati.
   “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaliggahena puttampi jīyetha, dārampi jīyetha, sabbaṃ sāpateyyampi jīyetha, uttaripi adhibandhaṃ nigaccheyya. Appamattako so, bhikkhave, kaliggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaliggahena puttampi jīyetha, dārampi jīyetha, sabbaṃ sāpateyyampi jīyetha, uttaripi adhibandhaṃ nigaccheyya. Atha kho ayameva tato mahantataro kaliggaho yaṃ so bālo kāyena duccaritaṃ caritvā vācāya duccaritaṃ caritvā manasā duccaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, kevalā paripūrā bālabhūmī”ti.
   253. “Tīṇimāni, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa paṇḍitalakkhaṇāni paṇḍitanimittāni paṇḍitāpadānāni. Katamāni tīṇi? Idha, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca hoti subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca. No cetaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca abhavissa subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca, kena naṃ paṇḍitā jāneyyuṃ– ‘paṇḍito ayaṃ bhavaṃ sappuriso’ti? Yasmā ca kho, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sucintitacintī ca hoti subhāsitabhāsī ca sukatakammakārī ca tasmā naṃ paṇḍitā jānanti– ‘paṇḍito ayaṃ bhavaṃ sappuriso’ti. Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito tividhaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Sace, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sabhāyaṃ vā nisinno hoti, rathikāya vā nisinno hoti, siṅghāṭake vā nisinno hoti; tatra ce jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti Sace, bhikkhave, paṇḍito pāṇātipātā paṭivirato hoti, adinnādānā paṭivirato hoti, kāmesumicchācārā paṭivirato hoti, musāvādā paṭivirato hoti, surāmerayamajjappamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato hoti; tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti– ‘yaṃ kho jano tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ kathaṃ manteti; saṃvijjanteva te dhammā mayi, ahañca tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito paṭhamaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
   254. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍito passati rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārente– kasāhipi tāḷente vettehipi tāḷente addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷente hatthampi chindante pādampi chindante hatthapādampi chindante kaṇṇampi chindante nāsampi chindante kaṇṇanāsampi chindante bilaṅgathālikampi karonte saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonte rāhumukhampi karonte jotimālikampi karonte hatthapajjotikampi karonte erakavattikampi karonte cīrakavāsikampi karonte eṇeyyakampi karonte balisamaṃsikampi karonte kahāpaṇikampi karonte khārāpatacchikampi karonte palighaparivattikampi karonte palālapīṭhakampi karonte tattenapi telena osiñcante sunakhehipi khādāpente jīvantampi sūle uttāsente asināpi sīsaṃ chindante. Tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti – ‘yathārūpānaṃ kho pāpakānaṃ kammānaṃ hetu rājāno coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā vividhā kammakāraṇā kārenti kasāhipi tāḷenti, vettehipi tāḷenti, addhadaṇḍakehipi tāḷenti, hatthampi chindanti pādampi chindanti, hatthapādampi chindanti, kaṇṇampi chindanti, nāsampi chindanti, kaṇṇanāsampi chindanti, bilaṅgathālikampi karonti, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi karonti, rāhumukhampi karonti, jotimālikampi karonti, hatthapajjotikampi karonti, erakavattikampi karonti, cīrakavāsikampi karonti, eṇeyyakampi karonti, balisamaṃsikampi karonti, kahāpaṇikampi karonti, khārāpatacchikampi karonti, palighaparivattikampi karonti, palālapīṭhakampi karonti, tattenapi telena osiñcanti, sunakhehipi khādāpenti, jīvantampi sūle uttāsenti, asināpi sīsaṃ chindanti, na te dhammā mayi saṃvijjanti, ahañca na tesu dhammesu sandissāmī’ti. Idampi, bhikkhave, paṇḍito dutiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
   255. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, paṇḍitaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ, yānissa pubbe kalyāṇāni kammāni katāni kāyena sucaritāni vācāya sucaritāni manasā sucaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti …pe… seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, mahataṃ pabbatakūṭānaṃ chāyā sāyanhasamayaṃ pathaviyā olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti; evameva kho, bhikkhave, paṇḍitaṃ pīṭhasamārūḷhaṃ vā mañcasamārūḷhaṃ vā chamāyaṃ vā semānaṃ yānissa pubbe kalyāṇāni kammāni katāni kāyena sucaritāni vācāya sucaritāni manasā sucaritāni tānissa tamhi samaye olambanti ajjholambanti abhippalambanti. Tatra, bhikkhave, paṇḍitassa evaṃ hoti ‘akataṃ vata me pāpaṃ, akataṃ luddaṃ, akataṃ kibbisaṃ; kataṃ kalyāṇaṃ, kataṃ kusalaṃ, kataṃ bhīruttāṇaṃ. Yāvatā, bho, akatapāpānaṃ akataluddānaṃ akatakibbisānaṃ katakalyāṇānaṃ katakusalānaṃ katabhīruttāṇānaṃ gati taṃ gatiṃ pecca gacchāmī’ti. So na socati, na kilamati, na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Idampi, bhikkhave, paṇḍito tatiyaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti.
   “Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘ekantaṃ iṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ kantaṃ ekantaṃ manāpan’ti, saggameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘ekantaṃ iṭṭhaṃ ekantaṃ kantaṃ ekantaṃ manāpan’ti. Yāvañcidaṃ, bhikkhave, upamāpi na sukarā yāva sukhā saggā”ti.
   256. Evaṃ vutte, aññataro bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca – “sakkā pana, bhante, upamaṃ kātun”ti? “Sakkā bhikkhū”ti bhagavā avoca. “Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī sattahi ratanehi samannāgato catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti. Katamehi sattahi? Idha, bhikkhave, rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ. Taṃ disvāna rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa evaṃ hoti – ‘sutaṃ kho pana metaṃ yassa rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa tadahuposathe pannarase sīsaṃnhātassa uposathikassa uparipāsādavaragatassa dibbaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati sahassāraṃ sanemikaṃ sanābhikaṃ sabbākāraparipūraṃ, so hoti rājā cakkavattīti. Assaṃ nu kho ahaṃ rājā cakkavattī’”ti?
   “Atha kho, bhikkhave, rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto vāmena hatthena bhiṅkāraṃ gahetvā dakkhiṇena hatthena cakkaratanaṃ abbhukkirati– ‘pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratanaṃ, abhivijinātu bhavaṃ cakkaratanan’ti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ disaṃ pavattati. Anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upeti saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu– ‘ehi kho, mahārāja! Svāgataṃ te, mahārāja! Sakaṃ te, mahārāja! Anusāsa, mahārājā’ti Rājā cakkavattī evamāha– ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ, yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, puratthimāya disāya paṭirājāno te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā bhavanti.
   257. “Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ puratthimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā dakkhiṇaṃ disaṃ pavattati …pe… dakkhiṇaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā pacchimaṃ disaṃ pavattati… pacchimaṃ samuddaṃ ajjhogāhetvā paccuttaritvā uttaraṃ disaṃ pavattati anvadeva rājā cakkavattī saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya. Yasmiṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, padese cakkaratanaṃ patiṭṭhāti tattha rājā cakkavattī vāsaṃ upeti saddhiṃ caturaṅginiyā senāya.
   “Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno te rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu– ‘ehi kho, mahārāja! Svāgataṃ te, mahārāja! Sakaṃ te, mahārāja! Anusāsa, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha– ‘pāṇo na hantabbo, adinnaṃ nādātabbaṃ, kāmesumicchā na caritabbā, musā na bhāsitabbā, majjaṃ na pātabbaṃ; yathābhuttañca bhuñjathā’ti. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, uttarāya disāya paṭirājāno te rañño cakkavattissa anuyantā bhavanti.
   “Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, cakkaratanaṃ samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ abhivijinitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā rañño cakkavattissa antepuradvāre akkhāhataṃ maññe tiṭṭhati rañño cakkavattissa antepuradvāraṃ upasobhayamānaṃ. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ cakkaratanaṃ pātubhavati.
   258. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa hatthiratanaṃ pātubhavati– sabbaseto sattappatiṭṭho iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo uposatho nāma nāgarājā. Taṃ disvāna rañño cakkavattissa cittaṃ pasīdati– ‘bhaddakaṃ vata, bho, hatthiyānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’ti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, hatthiratanaṃ seyyathāpi nāma bhaddo hatthājānīyo dīgharattaṃ suparidanto evameva damathaṃ upeti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva hatthiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ abhiruhitvā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā pātarāsamakāsi. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ hatthiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa assaratanaṃ pātubhavati– sabbaseto kāḷasīso muñjakeso iddhimā vehāsaṅgamo valāhako nāma assarājā. Taṃ disvāna rañño cakkavattissa cittaṃ pasīdati– ‘bhaddakaṃ vata, bho, assayānaṃ, sace damathaṃ upeyyā’ti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, assaratanaṃ seyyathāpi nāma bhaddo assājānīyo dīgharattaṃ suparidanto evameva damathaṃ upeti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva assaratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno pubbaṇhasamayaṃ abhiruhitvā samuddapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anusaṃyāyitvā tameva rājadhāniṃ paccāgantvā pātarāsamakāsi. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ assaratanaṃ pātubhavati.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa maṇiratanaṃ pātubhavati. So hoti maṇi veḷuriyo subho jātimā aṭṭhaṃso suparikammakato Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, maṇiratanassa ābhā samantā yojanaṃ phuṭā hoti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva maṇiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno caturaṅginiṃ senaṃ sannayhitvā maṇiṃ dhajaggaṃ āropetvā rattandhakāratimisāya pāyāsi. Ye kho pana, bhikkhave, samantā gāmā ahesuṃ te tenobhāsena kammante payojesuṃ ‘divā’ti maññamānā. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ maṇiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati. Sā abhirūpā dassanīyā pāsādikā paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgatā nātidīghā nātirassā nātikisā nātithūlā nātikāḷikā nāccodātā, atikkantā mānusaṃ vaṇṇaṃ, appattā dibbaṃ vaṇṇaṃ. Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa evarūpo kāyasamphasso hoti seyyathāpi nāma tūlapicuno vā kappāsapicuno vā. Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa sīte uṇhāni gattāni honti, uṇhe sītāni gattāni honti. Tassa kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanassa kāyato candanagandho vāyati, mukhato uppalagandho vāyati. Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanaṃ rañño cakkavattissa pubbuṭṭhāyinī hoti pacchānipātinī kiṃkārapaṭissāvinī manāpacārinī piyavādinī. Taṃ kho pana, bhikkhave, itthiratanaṃ rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ manasāpi no aticarati, kuto pana kāyena? Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ itthiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavati. Tassa kammavipākajaṃ dibbacakkhu pātubhavati, yena nidhiṃ passati sassāmikampi assāmikampi. So rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha– ‘appossukko tvaṃ, deva, hohi. Ahaṃ te dhanena dhanakaraṇīyaṃ karissāmī’ti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī tameva gahapatiratanaṃ vīmaṃsamāno nāvaṃ abhiruhitvā majjhe gaṅgāya nadiyā sotaṃ ogāhitvā gahapatiratanaṃ etadavoca– ‘attho me, gahapati, hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti. ‘Tena hi, mahārāja, ekaṃ tīraṃ nāvā upetū’ti. ‘Idheva me, gahapati, attho hiraññasuvaṇṇenā’ti. Atha kho taṃ, bhikkhave, gahapatiratanaṃ ubhohi hatthehi udake omasitvā pūraṃ hiraññasuvaṇṇassa kumbhiṃ uddharitvā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ etadavoca– ‘alamettāvatā, mahārāja! Katamettāvatā, mahārāja! Pūjitamettāvatā, mahārājā’ti. Rājā cakkavattī evamāha– ‘alamettāvatā, gahapati! Katamettāvatā, gahapati! Pūjitamettāvatā, gahapatī’ti Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ gahapatiratanaṃ pātubhavati.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rañño cakkavattissa pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavati– paṇḍito byatto medhāvī paṭibalo rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upayāpetabbaṃ upayāpetuṃ apayāpetabbaṃ apayāpetuṃ ṭhapetabbaṃ ṭhapetuṃ. So rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāha– ‘appossukko tvaṃ deva, hohi. Ahamanusāsissāmī’ti. Rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa evarūpaṃ pariṇāyakaratanaṃ pātubhavati. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imehi sattahi ratanehi samannāgato hoti.
   259. “Katamāhi catūhi iddhīhi? Idha, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī abhirūpo hoti dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato ativiya aññehi manussehi. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya paṭhamāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī dīghāyuko hoti ciraṭṭhitiko ativiya aññehi manussehi. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya dutiyāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī appābādho hoti appātaṅko samavepākiniyā gahaṇiyā samannāgato nātisītāya nāccuṇhāya ativiya aññehi manussehi. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya tatiyāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti.
   “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pitā puttānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo, evameva kho, bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī brāhmaṇagahapatikānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo. Raññopi, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā honti manāpā. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, pitu puttā piyā honti manāpā, evameva kho, bhikkhave, raññopi cakkavattissa brāhmaṇagahapatikā piyā honti manāpā.
   “Bhūtapubbaṃ bhikkhave, rājā cakkavattī caturaṅginiyā senāya uyyānabhūmiṃ niyyāsi. Atha kho, bhikkhave, brāhmaṇagahapatikā rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ upasaṅkamitvā evamāhaṃsu– ‘ataramāno, deva, yāhi yathā taṃ mayaṃ cirataraṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Rājāpi, bhikkhave, cakkavattī sārathiṃ āmantesi– ‘ataramāno sārathi, pesehi yathā maṃ brāhmaṇagahapatikā cirataraṃ passeyyun’ti. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāya catutthāya iddhiyā samannāgato hoti. Rājā, bhikkhave, cakkavattī imāhi catūhi iddhīhi samannāgato hoti.
   “Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, api nu kho rājā cakkavattī imehi sattahi ratanehi samannāgato imāhi catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyethā”ti? “Ekamekenapi, bhante, ratanena samannāgato rājā cakkavattī tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvediyetha, ko pana vādo sattahi ratanehi catūhi ca iddhīhī”ti?
   260. Atha kho bhagavā parittaṃ pāṇimattaṃ pāsāṇaṃ gahetvā bhikkhū āmantesi– “taṃ kiṃ maññatha, bhikkhave, katamo nu kho mahantataro– yo cāyaṃ mayā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito yo ca himavā pabbatarājā”ti? “Appamattako ayaṃ, bhante, bhagavatā paritto pāṇimatto pāsāṇo gahito; himavantaṃ pabbatarājānaṃ upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti; kalabhāgampi na upeti; upanidhampi na upetī”ti. “Evameva kho, bhikkhave, yaṃ rājā cakkavattī sattahi ratanehi samannāgato catūhi ca iddhīhi tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedeti taṃ dibbassa sukhassa upanidhāya saṅkhampi na upeti; kalabhāgampi na upeti; upanidhampi na upeti”.
   “Sa kho so, bhikkhave, paṇḍito sace kadāci karahaci dīghassa addhuno accayena manussattaṃ āgacchati, yāni tāni uccākulāni– khattiyamahāsālakulaṃ vā brāhmaṇamahāsālakulaṃ vā gahapatimahāsālakulaṃ vā tathārūpe kule paccājāyati aḍḍhe mahaddhane mahābhoge pahūtajātarūparajate pahūtavittūpakaraṇe pahūtadhanadhaññe. So ca hoti abhirūpo dassanīyo pāsādiko paramāya vaṇṇapokkharatāya samannāgato, lābhī annassa pānassa vatthassa yānassa mālāgandhavilepanassa seyyāvasathapadīpeyyassa. So kāyena sucaritaṃ carati, vācāya sucaritaṃ carati, manasā sucaritaṃ carati. So kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Seyyathāpi, bhikkhave, akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaṭaggahena mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigaccheyya; appamattako so, bhikkhave, kaṭaggaho yaṃ so akkhadhutto paṭhameneva kaṭaggahena mahantaṃ bhogakkhandhaṃ adhigaccheyya. Atha kho ayameva tato mahantataro kaṭaggaho yaṃ so paṇḍito kāyena sucaritaṃ caritvā, vācāya sucaritaṃ caritvā, manasā sucaritaṃ caritvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjati. Ayaṃ, bhikkhave, kevalā paripūrā paṇḍitabhūmī”ti.
   Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
   Bālapaṇḍitasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ navamaṃ.
漢巴經文比對(莊春江作):
  「愚癡標(MA.199)」,南傳作「愚者的特徵」(bālalakkhaṇāni),智髻比丘長老英譯為「愚者的特徵」(characteristics of a fool)。按:《破斥猶豫》以「以這些特徵被知道(etehi lakkhiyati ñāyatīti):這位是愚者」解說。
  「愚癡像(MA.199)」,南傳作「愚者的相」(bālanimittāni),智髻比丘長老英譯為「愚者的形跡」(signs of a fool)。按:《破斥猶豫》以「那些就是認出的理由(sañjānanakāraṇānīti)」解說。
  「思惡思(MA.199)」,南傳作「惡思惟的思惟者」(duccintitacintī),智髻比丘長老英譯為「想壞的心思者」(who thinks bad thoughts)。按:《破斥猶豫》說,當思惟時,因貪婪、惡意、邪惡的看見而就為思惟惡思惟(cintayanto abhijjhābyāpādamicchādassanavasena duccintitameva cinteti)。
  「食味(MA.199)」,南傳作「好吃的」(rasādo,另譯為「食味」),智髻比丘長老英譯為「歡喜於口味」(delighted in tastes)。按:《破斥猶豫》以「以貪求的食味為所受用的食味」(rasagedhena paribhuttaraso)解說。
  「始取如是行(MA.199)」,南傳作「僅以第一個不幸運的擲骰子就」(paṭhameneva kaliggahena),智髻比丘長老英譯為「就在第一次不幸的丟擲」(at the very first unlucky throw)。按:《破斥猶豫》以「輸;敗北」解說「不幸運的擲骰子」(Kaliggahenāti parājayena)。
  「愚者的所行」(bālāpadānāni),智髻比丘長老英譯為「愚者的特質」(attributes of a fool)。按:《破斥猶豫》以「愚者的阿波陀那」(Bālassa apadānānīti)」解說,而「阿波陀那」(apadānāni),《破斥猶豫》在MN.15中以「所行」(cariyāya)解說,今準此譯。