中部125經/調御的階位經(空品[13])(莊春江譯)[MA.198]
被我這麼聽聞:
有一次,
世尊住在王舍城栗鼠飼養處的竹林中。
當時,
沙彌阿基勒哇德住在
林野小屋。
那時,徒步狀態散步、漫步的若雅謝那王子去見沙彌阿基勒哇德。抵達後,與沙彌阿基勒哇德一起互相問候。交換應該被互相問候的友好交談後,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的若雅謝那王子對沙彌阿基勒哇德說這個:
「阿其威色那尊師!這被我聽聞:『這裡,住於不放逸的、熱心的、自我努力的
比丘會觸達
心一境性。』」
「這是這樣!王子!這是這樣!王子!這裡,住於不放逸的、熱心的、自我努力的比丘會觸達心一境性。」
「請阿其威色那
尊師如所聽聞的、如所學得的法教導我,
那就好了!」
「王子!我不能夠如所聽聞的、如所學得的法教導你,因為,如果我如所聽聞的、如所學得的法教導你,以及你不了知我說的道理,那對我是疲勞,
那對我是傷害。」
「請阿其威色那尊師如所聽聞的、如所學得的法教導我,或許我會了知阿其威色那尊師說的道理。」
「王子!我會如所聽聞的、如所學得的法教導你,如果你了知我說的道理,像這樣,這是好的,如果你不了知我說的道理,如在自己[所知]處停止,在那種情況下不進一步問我。」
「請阿其威色那尊師如所聽聞的、如所學得的法教導我,如果我了知阿其威色那尊師說的道理,像這樣,這是好的,如果我不了知阿其威色那尊師說的道理,將如在自己處停止,在那種情況下不進一步問阿其威色那尊師。」(213)
那時,沙彌阿基勒哇德如所聽聞的、如所學得的法教導若雅謝那王子。在這麼說時,若雅謝那王子對沙彌阿基勒哇德說這個:
「阿其威色那尊師!
這是無可能性、無機會的:凡住於不放逸的、熱心的、自我努力的比丘觸達心一境性。」
那時,若雅謝那王子對沙彌阿基勒哇德告知無可能性、無機會後,從座位起來後離開。
那時,在若雅謝那王子離開不久,沙彌阿基勒哇德去見世尊。抵達後,向世尊問訊後,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的沙彌阿基勒哇德告訴世尊與若雅謝那王子一起有交談之所及的那一切。
在這麼說時,世尊對沙彌阿基勒哇德說這個:
「阿其威色那!在這裡,那從哪裡會可能(會被得到):凡那個應該被離欲知道;應該被離欲看見;應該被離欲達到;應該被離欲作證者,住在欲中的、在欲中受用的、被欲尋吃的、被欲之熱惱遍燃燒的、在欲之遍求中熱心的若雅謝那王子確實對那個將知道,或看見,或將作證,這不存在可能性。(214)
阿其威色那!猶如兩隻能被調御的象,或能被調御的馬,或能被調御的牛已被善調御、已被善教導,兩隻能被調御的象,或能被調御的馬,或能被調御的牛未被善調御、未被善教導,阿其威色那!你怎麼想它:凡那兩隻能被調御的象,或能被調御的馬,或能被調御的牛已被善調御、已被善教導,是否牠們就已被調御,會進入(走到)調御的行為,就已被調御,會到達
調御的階位呢?」
「是的,
大德!」
「又,凡那兩隻能被調御的象,或能被調御的馬,或能被調御的牛未被善調御、未被善教導,是否牠們就未被調御,會進入調御的行為,就未被調御,會到達調御的階位,猶如那兩隻能被調御的象,或能被調御的馬,或能被調御的牛已被善調御、已被善教導呢?」
「大德!這確實不是。」
「同樣的,阿其威色那!凡那個應該被離欲知道;應該被離欲看見;應該被離欲達到;應該被離欲作證者,住在欲中的、在欲中受用的、被欲尋吃的、被欲之熱惱遍燃燒的、在欲之遍求中熱心的若雅謝那王子確實對那個將知道,或看見,或將作證,這不存在可能性。(215)
阿其威色那!猶如在村落或市鎮不遠處有大山,兩位朋友隨即從那個村落或市鎮出發後,攜手去那座山。抵達後,一位朋友站在山腳下,一位朋友登上山上。站在山腳下的朋友對那位站在山上的朋友這麼說:『親愛的!凡站在山上的你看見什麼?』他這麼回答:『親愛的!站在山上的我看見能令人喜樂的園林、能令人喜樂的森林、能令人喜樂的土地、能令人喜樂的蓮花池。』
他這麼說:『親愛的!這是無可能性、無機會的:凡站在山上的你看見能令人喜樂的園林、能令人喜樂的森林、能令人喜樂的土地、能令人喜樂的蓮花池。』站在山上的朋友隨即下來山腳下後,在手臂處抓住那位朋友、使之登上山上、使之休息片刻後,這麼說:『親愛的!凡站在山上的你看見什麼?』他這麼回答:『親愛的!站在山上的我看見能令人喜樂的園林、能令人喜樂的森林、能令人喜樂的土地、能令人喜樂的蓮花池。』
他這麼說:『親愛的!這裡,就現在,我們這麼了知你說的:「親愛的!這是無可能性、無機會的:凡站在山上的你看見能令人喜樂的園林、能令人喜樂的森林、能令人喜樂的土地、能令人喜樂的蓮花池。」還有,就現在,我們這麼了知你說的:「親愛的!站在山上的我看見能令人喜樂的園林、能令人喜樂的森林、能令人喜樂的土地、能令人喜樂的蓮花池。」』他這麼說:『親愛的!因為,然而,像這樣,我被大山障礙,沒看見能被看見的。』
阿其威色那!因此,若雅謝那王子被更大的無明蘊障礙、覆蓋、妨礙、包圍,確實,這個凡那個應該被離欲知道;應該被離欲看見;應該被離欲達到;應該被離欲作證者,住在欲中的、在欲中受用的、被欲尋吃的、被欲之熱惱遍燃燒的、在欲之遍求中熱心的若雅謝那王子確實對那個將知道,或看見,或將作證,這不存在可能性。阿其威色那!如果對那位若雅謝那王子這二個
不可思議的譬喻在你心中出現,若雅謝那王子對你變得明淨,又,淨信者對你作
淨信的行為。」
「大德!對若雅謝那王子,這二個在以前前所未聞的、不可思議的譬喻從哪裡又將在我心中出現,猶如世尊?」(216)
「阿其威色那!猶如
剎帝利灌頂王召喚捕象師:『來!親愛的捕象師!你登上國王的象後,進入有象的森林、找到林野的象後,請緊繫在國王象的脖子上。』『是的!陛下!』阿其威色那!捕象師回答剎帝利灌頂王後,登上國王的象、進入有象的森林、找到林野的象後,緊繫在國王象的脖子上。國王的象帶牠到
露地,阿其威色那!林野的象只來到露地的範圍,阿其威色那!因為,在這裡,林野的象們是貪求者,即:有象的森林。阿其威色那!捕象師隨即告知剎帝利灌頂王:『陛下!林野的象已來到露地。』那時,剎帝利灌頂王隨即召喚那位馴象師:『來!親愛的馴象師!請你為了林野的習性(戒)之征服、連同為了林野的憶念與意向之征服、連同為了林野的不安與疲勞及熱惱之征服、為了在村邊處的使極喜樂、為了在喜愛人類習性上的引導,使林野的象調御。』
『是的,陛下!』阿其威色那!馴象師回答剎帝利灌頂王後,為了林野的習性之征服、連同為了林野的憶念與意向之征服、連同為了林野的不安與疲勞及熱惱之征服、為了在村邊處的使極喜樂、為了在喜愛人類習性上的引導,在地上埋大柱子後,在林野象的脖子上緊繫。馴象師對牠凡那個柔和的、悅耳的、有情愛的、動心的、優雅的、眾人喜愛的、眾人合意的言語,以像那樣的言語說話。阿其威色那!當林野的象被馴象師凡那個柔和的、悅耳的、有情愛的、動心的、優雅的、眾人喜愛的、眾人合意的言語,以像那樣的言語說話時,想要聽、傾耳、使諸了知對心現起。馴象師更進一步隨給與牠牧草、水。
阿其威色那!當林野的象接受馴象師的牧草、水時,在那裡,馴象師這麼想:『現在,林野的象將會活命。』馴象師更進一步使牠作懲治(磨練):『先生!請你拿起,先生!請你放下。』阿其威色那!當林野的象在馴象師的拿起、放下上是順從言語者、遵循教誡者時,馴象師更進一步使牠作懲治:『先生!請你前進,先生!請你後退。』阿其威色那!當林野的象在象師的前進、後退上是順從言語者、遵循教誡者時,馴象師更進一步使牠作懲治:『先生!請你起來,先生!請你坐下。』阿其威色那!當林野的象在象師的起來、坐下上是順從言語者、遵循教誡者時,馴象師更進一步使就不動的作懲治:在象鼻上緊繫大木板,手拿長矛的男子坐在脖子上,與手拿長矛的男子們完全包圍後站立,以及馴象師取長的長矛棍後從前面站立。被不動作懲治的牠既不使前腳移動,也不使後腳移動,也不使前身移動,也不使後身移動,也不使頭移動,也不使耳朵移動,也不使象牙移動,也不使尾巴移動,也不使象鼻移動,那頭林野的象是對矛的攻擊、刀劍的攻擊、弓箭的攻擊、{箭羽}[其他敵人]的攻擊、大鼓小鼓法螺鑵鼓響亮的聲音忍耐者,一切彎曲缺點已放下,濁穢已淨除,成為適合國王的、能被國王使用的,就名為(就走到稱呼)『國王的一部分』。(217)
同樣的,阿其威色那!這裡,
如來、
阿羅漢、
遍正覺者、
明行具足者、
善逝、
世間知者、
應該被調御人的無上調御者、
天-人們的大師、
佛陀、世尊在世間出現,他以證智自作證後,告知這個包括天、魔、梵的世間;包括沙門婆羅門,包括天-人的
世代,他教導開頭是善的、中間是善的、結尾是善的;
有意義的、
有文字的法,他說明完全圓滿、
遍純淨的梵行。
屋主,或屋主之子,或在某個族姓中再生者聽聞那個法。他聽聞那個法後在如來處得到信,具備那個信之得到的他像這樣深慮:『居家生活是障礙,是塵垢之路;
出家是露地,以居住的家,這是不容易行
一向圓滿、一向清淨的
磨亮海螺的梵行,讓我剃除髮鬚、裹上
袈裟衣後,從在家出家成為無家者。』
他過些時候捨棄(捨斷)少的財富聚集,或捨棄大的財富聚集後;捨棄少的親屬圈,或捨棄大的親屬圈後,剃除髮鬚、裹上袈裟衣後,從在家出家成為無家者。阿其威色那!聖弟子只來到露地的範圍,阿其威色那!因為,在這裡,天與人貪求
五種欲。如來更進一步調伏他:『來!比丘!你要成為持戒者,你要住於被
波羅提木叉的自制自制,
具足正行行境,在諸微罪中看見可怕的,請你
在諸學處上受持後學習。
阿其威色那!當聖弟子成為持戒者,住於被波羅提木叉的自制自制,具足正行與行境,在諸微罪中看見可怕的,在諸學處上受持後學習時,如來更進一步調伏他:『來!比丘!你要成為
在諸根上守護門者:以眼見色後,不要成為相的執取者……(中略)(應該如會計師目揵連經[MN.107]那樣使之被細說)(218)
他捨斷這些心的
隨雜染、
慧的減弱的五蓋後,
在身上隨看身地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的
貪婪、憂後;在諸受上……(中略)在心上……(中略)在諸法上隨看法地住:熱心的、正知的、有念的,調伏世間中的貪婪、憂後。阿其威色那!猶如馴象師為了林野的習性之征服、連同為了林野的憶念與意向之征服、連同為了林野的不安與疲勞及熱惱之征服、為了在村邊處的使極喜樂、為了在喜愛人類習性上的引導,在地上埋大柱子後,在林野象的脖子上緊繫。同樣的,阿其威色那!這
四念住是
為了依存於家的習性之征服、連同為了依存於家的憶念與意向之征服、連同為了依賴家的不安與疲勞及熱惱之征服、為了方法的獲得、為了涅槃的作證,聖弟子的心之緊繫。(219)
如來更進一步調伏他:『來!比丘!你要在身上隨看身地住,而不要尋思伴隨欲的尋;在受上……(中略)在心上……(中略)在諸法上隨看法地住,
而不要尋思伴隨欲的尋。
他從尋與伺的平息,
自身內的明淨,
心的專一性,
進入後住於無尋、無伺,定而生喜、樂的第二禪……(中略)的第三禪……(中略)進入後住於不苦不樂,
平靜、念遍純淨的第四禪。(220)
他在心是這樣入定的、遍純淨的、淨化的、無穢的、離
隨雜染的、柔軟的、
適合作業的、住立的、到達
不動的時,使心轉向前世住處回憶智。他回憶(隨念)許多前世住處,即:一生、二生……(中略)像這樣,回憶許多
有行相的、有境遇的前世住處。
他在心是這樣入定的、遍純淨的、淨化的、無穢的、離隨雜染的、柔軟的、適合作業的、住立的、到達不動的時,使心轉向眾生死亡往生智,以清淨、超越常人的天眼,看見當眾生死時、往生時……(中略)知道眾生依業到達的。
他在心是這樣入定的、遍純淨的、淨化的、無穢的、離隨雜染的、柔軟的、適合作業的、住立的、到達不動的時,使心轉向
諸漏的滅盡智。他如實知道:『這是苦。』如實知道:『這是苦
集。』如實知道:『這是苦
滅。』如實知道:『這是導向苦
滅道跡。』如實知道:『這些是漏。』如實知道:『這是漏集。』如實知道:『這是漏滅。』如實知道:『這是導向漏滅道跡。』當他這樣知、這樣見時,心從欲漏被解脫,心也從有漏被解脫,心也從
無明漏被解脫。在解脫時,
有『[這是]解脫』之智,他知道:『
出生已盡,
梵行已完成,
應該被作的已作,
不再有此處[輪迴]的狀態。』
那位比丘成為寒的、暑的、飢的、渴的、與虻蚊風烈日蛇的接觸的、辱罵的、誹謗說話方式(語路)的忍耐者,成為已生起苦的、激烈的、猛烈的、強烈的、不愉快的、不合意的、奪命的身體感受的忍住之類者,一切貪、瞋、癡已放下,濁穢已淨除,是應該被奉獻者、應該被供奉者、應該被供養者、應該被
合掌者、世間的無上
福田。(221)
阿其威色那!如果高齡的國王象未被調御、未被教導命終,就名為『命終的高齡國王象是未被調御死亡』。阿其威色那!如果中齡國王象也未被調御、未被教導命終,就名為『命終的中齡國王象是未被調御死亡』。阿其威色那!如果年輕國王象也未被調御、未被教導命終,就名為『命終的年輕國王象是未被調御死亡』。同樣的,阿其威色那!如果
上座比丘漏未被滅盡命終,就名為『命終的上座比丘是未被調御死亡』。如果中座比丘也漏未被滅盡命終,就名為『命終的中座比丘是未被調御死亡』。如果新比丘也漏未被滅盡命終,就名為『命終的新比丘是未被調御死亡』。
阿其威色那!如果高齡的國王象已被調御、已被教導命終,就名為『命終的高齡國王象是已被調御死亡』。阿其威色那!如果中齡國王象也已被調御、已被教導命終,就名為『命終的中齡國王象是已被調御死亡』。阿其威色那!如果年輕國王象也已被調御、已被教導命終,就名為『命終的年輕國王象是已被調御死亡』。同樣的,阿其威色那!如果上座比丘漏已被滅盡命終,就名為『命終的上座比丘是已被調御死亡』。如果中座比丘也漏已被滅盡命終,就名為『命終的中座比丘是已被調御死亡』。如果新比丘也漏已被滅盡命終,就名為『命終的新比丘是已被調御死亡』。」
世尊說這個,悅意的沙彌阿基勒哇德歡喜世尊的所說。(222)
已調御階位經第五終了。
MN.125/(5) Dantabhūmisuttaṃ
213. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe. Tena kho pana samayena aciravato samaṇuddeso araññakuṭikāyaṃ viharati. Atha kho jayaseno rājakumāro jaṅghāvihāraṃ anucaṅkamamāno anuvicaramāno yena aciravato samaṇuddeso tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā aciravatena samaṇuddesena saddhiṃ sammodi. Sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho jayaseno rājakumāro aciravataṃ samaṇuddesaṃ etadavoca–
“Sutaṃ metaṃ, bho aggivessana– ‘idha bhikkhu appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto phuseyya cittassa ekaggatan’ti. ‘Evametaṃ, rājakumāra, evametaṃ, rājakumāra. Idha bhikkhu appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto phuseyya cittassa ekaggatan’ti. ‘Sādhu me bhavaṃ aggivessano yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ desetū’ti. ‘Na kho te ahaṃ, rājakumāra, sakkomi yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ desetuṃ. Ahañca hi te, rājakumāra, yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ deseyyaṃ, tvañca me bhāsitassa atthaṃ na ājāneyyāsi; so mamassa kilamatho, sā mamassa vihesā’ti. ‘Desetu me bhavaṃ aggivessano yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ. Appevanāmāhaṃ bhoto aggivessanassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājāneyyan’ti. ‘Deseyyaṃ kho te ahaṃ, rājakumāra, yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ. Sace me tvaṃ bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājāneyyāsi, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce me tvaṃ bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājāneyyāsi, yathāsake tiṭṭheyyāsi, na maṃ tattha uttariṃ paṭipuccheyyāsī’ti. ‘Desetu me bhavaṃ aggivessano yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ. Sace ahaṃ bhoto aggivessanassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmi, iccetaṃ kusalaṃ; no ce ahaṃ bhoto aggivessanassa bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānissāmi, yathāsake tiṭṭhissāmi, nāhaṃ tattha bhavantaṃ aggivessanaṃ uttariṃ paṭipucchissāmī’”ti.
214. Atha kho aciravato samaṇuddeso jayasenassa rājakumārassa yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ desesi. Evaṃ vutte, jayaseno rājakumāro aciravataṃ samaṇuddesaṃ etadavoca “aṭṭhānametaṃ, bho aggivessana, anavakāso yaṃ bhikkhu appamatto ātāpī pahitatto viharanto phuseyya cittassa ekaggatan”ti. Atha kho jayaseno rājakumāro aciravatassa samaṇuddesassa aṭṭhānatañca anavakāsatañca pavedetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā pakkāmi.
Atha kho aciravato samaṇuddeso acirapakkante jayasene rājakumāre yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho aciravato samaṇuddeso yāvatako ahosi jayasenena rājakumārena saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi.
Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā aciravataṃ samaṇuddesaṃ etadavoca– “taṃ kutettha, aggivessana, labbhā. Yaṃ taṃ nekkhammena ñātabbaṃ nekkhammena daṭṭhabbaṃ nekkhammena pattabbaṃ nekkhammena sacchikātabbaṃ taṃ vata jayaseno rājakumāro kāmamajjhe vasanto kāme paribhuñjanto kāmavitakkehi khajjamāno kāmapariḷāhena pariḍayhamāno kāmapariyesanāya ussuko ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatī”ti– netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
215. “Seyyathāpissu, aggivessana, dve hatthidammā vā assadammā vā godammā vā sudantā suvinītā, dve hatthidammā vā assadammā vā godammā vā adantā avinītā. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, aggivessana, ye te dve hatthidammā vā assadammā vā godammā vā sudantā suvinītā, api nu te dantāva dantakāraṇaṃ gaccheyyuṃ, dantāva dantabhūmiṃ sampāpuṇeyyun”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Ye pana te dve hatthidammā vā assadammā vā godammā vā adantā avinītā, api nu te adantāva dantakāraṇaṃ gaccheyyuṃ, adantāva dantabhūmiṃ sampāpuṇeyyuṃ, seyyathāpi te dve hatthidammā vā assadammā vā godammā vā sudantā suvinītā”ti? “No hetaṃ, bhante”. “Evameva kho, aggivessana, yaṃ taṃ nekkhammena ñātabbaṃ nekkhammena daṭṭhabbaṃ nekkhammena pattabbaṃ nekkhammena sacchikātabbaṃ taṃ vata jayaseno rājakumāro kāmamajjhe vasanto kāme paribhuñjanto kāmavitakkehi khajjamāno kāmapariḷāhena pariḍayhamāno kāmapariyesanāya ussuko ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatī”ti– netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati.
216. “Seyyathāpi aggivessana, gāmassa vā nigamassa vā avidūre mahāpabbato. Tamenaṃ dve sahāyakā tamhā gāmā vā nigamā vā nikkhamitvā hatthavilaṅghakena yena so pabbato tenupasaṅkameyyuṃ; upasaṅkamitvā eko sahāyako heṭṭhā pabbatapāde tiṭṭheyya, eko sahāyako uparipabbataṃ āroheyya. Tamenaṃ heṭṭhā pabbatapāde ṭhito sahāyako uparipabbate ṭhitaṃ sahāyakaṃ evaṃ vedayya– ‘yaṃ, samma, kiṃ tvaṃ passasi uparipabbate ṭhito’ti? So evaṃ vadeyya– ‘passāmi kho ahaṃ, samma, uparipabbate ṭhito ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakan’”ti.
“So evaṃ vadeyya– ‘aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ, samma anavakāso yaṃ tvaṃ uparipabbate ṭhito passeyyāsi ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakan’ti. Tamenaṃ uparipabbate ṭhito sahāyako heṭṭhimapabbatapādaṃ orohitvā taṃ sahāyakaṃ bāhāyaṃ gahetvā uparipabbataṃ āropetvā muhuttaṃ assāsetvā evaṃ vadeyya– ‘yaṃ, samma, kiṃ tvaṃ passasi uparipabbate ṭhito’ti? So evaṃ vadeyya– ‘passāmi kho ahaṃ, samma, uparipabbate ṭhito ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakan’”ti
“So evaṃ vadeyya– ‘idāneva kho te, samma, bhāsitaṃ– mayaṃ evaṃ ājānāma– aṭṭhānaṃ kho etaṃ samma, anavakāso yaṃ tvaṃ uparipabbate ṭhito passeyyāsi ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakan’ti. Idāneva ca pana te bhāsitaṃ mayaṃ evaṃ ājānāma– ‘passāmi kho ahaṃ, samma, uparipabbate ṭhito ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakan’ti. So evaṃ vadeyya– ‘tathā hi panāhaṃ, samma, iminā mahatā pabbatena āvuto daṭṭheyyaṃ nāddasan’”ti.
“Ato mahantatarena, aggivessana, avijjākhandhena jayaseno rājakumāro āvuto nivuto ophuṭo pariyonaddho. So vata yaṃ taṃ nekkhammena ñātabbaṃ nekkhammena daṭṭhabbaṃ nekkhammena pattabbaṃ nekkhammena sacchikātabbaṃ taṃ vata jayaseno rājakumāro kāmamajjhe vasanto kāme paribhuñjanto kāmavitakkehi khajjamāno kāmapariḷāhena pariḍayhamāno kāmapariyesanāya ussuko ñassati vā dakkhati vā sacchi vā karissatīti– netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjati Sace kho taṃ, aggivessana, jayasenassa rājakumārassa imā dve upamā paṭibhāyeyyuṃ, anacchariyaṃ te jayaseno rājakumāro pasīdeyya, pasanno ca te pasannākāraṃ kareyyā”ti. “Kuto pana maṃ, bhante, jayasenassa rājakumārassa imā dve upamā paṭibhāyissanti anacchariyā pubbe assutapubbā, seyyathāpi bhagavantan”ti?
217. “Seyyathāpi aggivessana, rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto nāgavanikaṃ āmanteti– ‘ehi tvaṃ, samma nāgavanika, rañño nāgaṃ abhiruhitvā nāgavanaṃ pavisitvā āraññakaṃ nāgaṃ atipassitvā rañño nāgassa gīvāyaṃ upanibandhāhī’ti. ‘Evaṃ, devā’ti kho, aggivessana, nāgavaniko rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa paṭissutvā rañño nāgaṃ abhiruhitvā nāgavanaṃ pavisitvā āraññakaṃ nāgaṃ atipassitvā rañño nāgassa gīvāyaṃ upanibandhati. Tamenaṃ rañño nāgo abbhokāsaṃ nīharati. Ettāvatā kho, aggivessana, āraññako nāgo abbhokāsaṃ gato hoti. Etthagedhā hi, aggivessana, āraññakā nāgā yadidaṃ– nāgavanaṃ. Tamenaṃ nāgavaniko rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa ārocesi– ‘abbhokāsagato kho, deva, āraññako nāgo’ti. Atha kho aggivessana, tamenaṃ rājā khattiyo muddhāvasitto hatthidamakaṃ āmantesi– ‘ehi tvaṃ, samma hatthidamaka, āraññakaṃ nāgaṃ damayāhi āraññakānañceva sīlānaṃ abhinimmadanāya āraññakānañceva sarasaṅkappānaṃ abhinimmadanāya āraññakānañceva darathakilamathapariḷāhānaṃ abhinimmadanāya gāmante abhiramāpanāya manussakantesu sīlesu samādapanāyā’”ti.
“‘Evaṃ devā’ti kho, aggivessana, hatthidamako rañño khattiyassa muddhāvasittassa paṭissutvā mahantaṃ thambhaṃ pathaviyaṃ nikhaṇitvā āraññakassa nāgassa gīvāyaṃ upanibandhati āraññakānañceva sīlānaṃ abhinimmadanāya āraññakānañceva sarasaṅkappānaṃ abhinimmadanāya āraññakānañceva darathakilamathapariḷāhānaṃ abhinimmadanāya gāmante abhiramāpanāya manussakantesu sīlesu samādapanāya. Tamenaṃ hatthidamako yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā tathārūpāhi vācāhi samudācarati. Yato kho, aggivessana, āraññako nāgo hatthidamakassa yā sā vācā nelā kaṇṇasukhā pemanīyā hadayaṅgamā porī bahujanakantā bahujanamanāpā tathārūpāhi vācāhi samudācariyamāno sussūsati, sotaṃ odahati, aññā cittaṃ upaṭṭhāpeti; tamenaṃ hatthidamako uttari tiṇaghāsodakaṃ anuppavecchati.
“Yato kho, aggivessana, āraññako nāgo hatthidamakassa tiṇaghāsodakaṃ paṭiggaṇhāti, tatra hatthidamakassa evaṃ hoti– ‘jīvissati kho dāni āraññako nāgo’ti. Tamenaṃ hatthidamako uttari kāraṇaṃ kāreti– ‘ādiya, bho, nikkhipa, bho’ti. Yato kho, aggivessana, āraññako nāgo hatthidamakassa ādānanikkhepe vacanakaro hoti ovādappaṭikaro, tamenaṃ hatthidamako uttari kāraṇaṃ kāreti– ‘abhikkama, bho, paṭikkama, bho’ti. Yato kho, aggivessana, āraññako nāgo hatthidamakassa abhikkamapaṭikkamavacanakaro hoti ovādappaṭikaro, tamenaṃ hatthidamako uttari kāraṇaṃ kāreti– ‘uṭṭhaha, bho, nisīda, bho’ti. Yato kho, aggivessana, āraññako nāgo hatthidamakassa uṭṭhānanisajjāya vacanakaro hoti ovādappaṭikaro, tamenaṃ hatthidamako uttari āneñjaṃ nāma kāraṇaṃ kāreti, mahantassa phalakaṃ soṇḍāya upanibandhati, tomarahattho ca puriso uparigīvāya nisinno hoti, samantato ca tomarahatthā purisā parivāretvā ṭhitā honti, hatthidamako ca dīghatomarayaṭṭhiṃ gahetvā purato ṭhito hoti. So āneñjaṃ kāraṇaṃ kāriyamāno neva purime pāde copeti na pacchime pāde copeti, na purimakāyaṃ copeti na pacchimakāyaṃ copeti, na sīsaṃ copeti, na kaṇṇe copeti, na dante copeti na naṅguṭṭhaṃ copeti, na soṇḍaṃ copeti. So hoti āraññako nāgo khamo sattippahārānaṃ asippahārānaṃ usuppahārānaṃ sarapattappahārānaṃ bheripaṇavavaṃsasaṅkhaḍiṇḍimaninnādasaddānaṃ sabbavaṅkadosanihitaninnītakasāvo rājāraho rājabhoggo rañño aṅganteva saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
218. “Evameva kho, aggivessana, idha tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Taṃ dhammaṃ suṇāti gahapati vā gahapatiputto vā aññatarasmiṃ vā kule paccājāto. So taṃ dhammaṃ sutvā tathāgate saddhaṃ paṭilabhati. So tena saddhāpaṭilābhena samannāgato iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘sambādho gharāvāso rajāpatho, abbhokāso pabbajjā. Nayidaṃ sukaraṃ agāraṃ ajjhāvasatā ekantaparipuṇṇaṃ ekantaparisuddhaṃ saṅkhalikhitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ carituṃ. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajeyyan’ti.
“So aparena samayena appaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā bhogakkhandhaṃ pahāya appaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya mahantaṃ vā ñātiparivaṭṭaṃ pahāya kesamassuṃ ohāretvā kāsāyāni vatthāni acchādetvā agārasmā anagāriyaṃ pabbajati. Ettāvatā kho, aggivessana, ariyasāvako abbhokāsagato hoti. Etthagedhā hi, aggivessana, devamanussā yadidaṃ– pañca kāmaguṇā. Tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti– ‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, sīlavā hohi, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharāhi ācāragocarasampanno, aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhassu sikkhāpadesū’”ti.
“Yato kho, aggivessana, ariyasāvako sīlavā hoti, pātimokkhasaṃvarasaṃvuto viharati ācāragocarasampanno aṇumattesu vajjesu bhayadassāvī, samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesu, tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti– ‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, indriyesu guttadvāro hohi, cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā mā nimittaggāhī …pe… (yathā gaṇakamoggallānasuttante, evaṃ vitthāretabbāni.)
219. “So ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe kāye kāyānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Vedanāsu …pe… citte …pe… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharati ātāpī sampajāno satimā vineyya loke abhijjhādomanassaṃ. Seyyathāpi, aggivessana, hatthidamako mahantaṃ thambhaṃ pathaviyaṃ nikhaṇitvā āraññakassa nāgassa gīvāyaṃ upanibandhati āraññakānañceva sīlānaṃ abhinimmadanāya āraññakānañceva sarasaṅkappānaṃ abhinimmadanāya āraññakānañceva darathakilamathapariḷāhānaṃ abhinimmadanāya gāmante abhiramāpanāya manussakantesu sīlesu samādapanāya; evameva kho, aggivessana, ariyasāvakassa ime cattāro satipaṭṭhānā cetaso upanibandhanā honti gehasitānañceva sīlānaṃ abhinimmadanāya gehasitānañceva sarasaṅkappānaṃ abhinimmadanāya gehasitānañceva darathakilamathapariḷāhānaṃ abhinimmadanāya ñāyassa adhigamāya nibbānassa sacchikiriyāya.
220. “Tamenaṃ tathāgato uttariṃ vineti– ‘ehi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, kāye kāyānupassī viharāhi mā ca kāmūpasaṃhitaṃ vitakkaṃ vitakkesi. Vedanāsu… citte… dhammesu dhammānupassī viharāhi, mā ca kāmūpasaṃhitaṃ vitakkaṃ vitakkesī’”ti.
“So vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati, seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo …pe… iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati.
221. “So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate …pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti.
“So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti; ‘ime āsavā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavasamudayo’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodho’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti, ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti.
“So hoti bhikkhu khamo sītassa uṇhassa jighacchāya pipāsāya ḍaṃsamakasavātātapasarīsapasamphassānaṃ duruttānaṃ durāgatānaṃ vacanapathānaṃ, uppannānaṃ sārīrikānaṃ vedanānaṃ dukkhānaṃ tibbānaṃ kharānaṃ kaṭukānaṃ asātānaṃ amanāpānaṃ pāṇaharānaṃ adhivāsakajātiko hoti sabbarāgadosamohanihitaninnītakasāvo āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassa.
222. “Mahallako cepi, aggivessana, rañño nāgo adanto avinīto kālaṅkaroti, ‘adantamaraṇaṃ mahallako rañño nāgo kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati; majjhimo cepi, aggivessana, rañño nāgo. Daharo cepi, aggivessana, rañño nāgo adanto avinīto kālaṅkaroti ‘adantamaraṇaṃ daharo rañño nāgo kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati; evameva kho, aggivessana, thero cepi bhikkhu akhīṇāsavo kālaṅkaroti, ‘adantamaraṇaṃ thero bhikkhu kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati; majjhimo cepi, aggivessana, bhikkhu. Navo cepi, aggivessana, bhikkhu akhīṇāsavo kālaṅkaroti, ‘adantamaraṇaṃ navo bhikkhu kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati.
“Mahallako cepi, aggivessana, rañño nāgo sudanto suvinīto kālaṅkaroti, ‘dantamaraṇaṃ mahallako rañño nāgo kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati; majjhimo cepi, aggivessana, rañño nāgo… daharo cepi, aggivessana, rañño nāgo sudanto suvinīto kālaṅkaroti, ‘dantamaraṇaṃ daharo rañño nāgo kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati; evameva kho, aggivessana, thero cepi bhikkhu khīṇāsavo kālaṅkaroti, ‘dantamaraṇaṃ thero bhikkhu kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchati; majjhimo cepi, aggivessana, bhikkhu. Navo cepi, aggivessana, bhikkhu khīṇāsavo kālaṅkaroti, ‘dantamaraṇaṃ navo bhikkhu kālaṅkato’tveva saṅkhaṃ gacchatī”ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano aciravato samaṇuddeso bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
Dantabhūmisuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ pañcamaṃ.