經號:   
   (中部59經 更新)
中部59經/許多能被感受的經(屋主品[6])(莊春江譯)
  被我這麼聽聞
  有一次世尊住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。
  那時,木匠五支去見尊者優陀夷。抵達後,向尊者優陀夷問訊後,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的木匠五支對尊者優陀夷說這個:
  「大德優陀夷!多少受被世尊說?」
  「木匠!三受被世尊說:樂受、苦受、不苦不樂受,木匠!這三受被世尊說。」
  在這麼說時,木匠五支對尊者優陀夷說這個:
  「大德優陀夷!三受不被世尊說,二受被世尊說:樂受、苦受,大德!凡這不苦不樂受者,這被世尊說這在寂靜的勝妙樂中。」
  第二次,尊者優陀夷又對木匠五支說這個:
  「木匠!二受不被世尊說,三受被世尊說:樂受、苦受、不苦不樂受,木匠!這三受被世尊說。」
  第二次,木匠五支又對尊者優陀夷說這個:
  「大德優陀夷!三受不被世尊說,二受被世尊說:樂受、苦受,大德!凡這不苦不樂受者,這被世尊說這在寂靜的勝妙樂中。」
  第三次,尊者優陀夷又對木匠五支說這個:
  「木匠!二受不被世尊說,三受被世尊說:樂受、苦受、不苦不樂受,木匠!這三受被世尊說。」
  第三次,木匠五支又對尊者優陀夷說這個:
  「大德優陀夷!三受不被世尊說,二受被世尊說:樂受、苦受,大德!凡這不苦不樂受者,被世尊說這在寂靜的勝妙樂中。」
  既非尊者優陀夷能夠說服木匠五支,也非木匠五支能夠說服尊者優陀夷。(88)
  尊者阿難聽到尊者優陀夷與木匠五支一起的這個交談。
  那時,尊者阿難去見世尊。抵達後,向世尊問訊後,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的尊者阿難告訴世尊尊者優陀夷與木匠五支一起有交談之所及的那一切。
  在這麼說時,世尊對尊者阿難說這個:
  「阿難!正存在著法門木匠五支不非常隨喜優陀夷比丘,阿難!而且也存在著法門優陀夷比丘不非常隨喜木匠五支。
  阿難!二受以法門被我說,三受也以法門被我說,五受也以法門被我說,六受也以法門被我說,十八受也以法門被我說,三十六受也以法門被我說,一百零八受也以法門被我說。
  阿難!法被我這樣以法門教導;阿難!在法被我這樣以法門教導時,凡將不贊同、不認可、不同意彼此的善說、善講述者,他們的這個能被預期:他們將住於生起爭論的、生起爭吵的、來到爭辯的、以舌鋒互刺的
  阿難!法被我這樣以法門教導;阿難!在法被我這樣以法門教導時,凡將贊同、認可、同意彼此的善說、善講述者,他們的這個能被預期:他們將住於和合的、和好的、無爭的、水乳交融的、彼此以親切眼睛互看的。(89)
  阿難!有這五種欲,哪五種?能被眼識知的、想要的、喜愛的、合意的、可愛形色的、伴隨欲的、誘人的諸色,能被耳識知的……(中略)諸聲音,能被鼻識知的……(中略)諸氣味,能被舌識知的……(中略)諸味道,能被身識知的、想要的、喜愛的、合意的、可愛形色的、伴隨欲的、誘人的諸所觸,阿難!這是五種欲。阿難!凡緣於這五種欲,樂、喜悅生起,這被稱為欲樂
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:『眾生們感受樂、喜悅,這是最高的。』我不認可他的這個(這個我不認可這個-SN.36.19),那是什麼原因?阿難!有比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘就從離諸欲後,從離諸不善法後,進入後住於有尋、有伺離而生喜、樂的初禪,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:『眾生們感受樂、喜悅,這是最高的。』我不認可他的這個,那是什麼原因?阿難!有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘從尋與伺的平息……(中略)進入後住於……的第二禪,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:……(中略)阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘從喜的褪去……(中略)進入後住於……的第三禪,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:……(中略)阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘從樂的捨斷……(中略)進入後住於……的第四禪,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:……(中略)阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘從一切色想的超越,從有對想的滅沒,從不作意種種想[而知]:『虛空是無邊的』,進入後住於虛空無邊處,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:……(中略)阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘超越一切虛空無邊處後[而知]:『識是無邊的』,進入後住於識無邊處,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:……(中略)阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘超越一切識無邊處後[而知]:『什麼都沒有』,進入後住於無所有處,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:……(中略)阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘超越一切無所有處後,進入後住於非想非非想處,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。
  阿難!凡如果這麼說:『眾生們感受樂、喜悅,這是最高的。』我不認可他的這個,那是什麼原因?阿難!有比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。阿難!而什麼是比這種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂呢?阿難!這裡,比丘超越一切非想非非想處後,進入後住於想受滅,阿難!這是比那種樂更勝與更妙的其它樂。(90)
  阿難!又,這存在可能性,凡其他外道遊行者們這麼說:『沙門喬達摩說想受滅,但安立它在樂中:這是什麼?這是為什麼?』
  阿難!這麼說的其他外道遊行者們應該被這麼回答:『道友!世尊不只安立與樂受有關的在樂中,道友!而是不論哪裡樂被得到,不論什麼情況,如來就安立它在樂中。』」[SN.36.19]
  世尊說這個,悅意的尊者阿難歡喜世尊的所說。(91)
  多種受經第九終了。
MN.59/(9) Bahuvedanīyasuttaṃ
   88. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho pañcakaṅgo thapati yenāyasmā udāyī tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “kati nu kho, bhante udāyi, vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti? “Tisso kho, thapati, vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā– imā kho, thapati, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Evaṃ vutte, pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā– sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Dutiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, gahapati, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā– imā kho, thapati, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Dutiyampi kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā– sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante adukkhamasukhā vedanā santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Tatiyampi kho āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, thapati, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā; tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā. Sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā, adukkhamasukhā vedanā– imā kho, thapati, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Tatiyampi kho pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ etadavoca– “na kho, bhante udāyi, tisso vedanā vuttā bhagavatā, dve vedanā vuttā bhagavatā – sukhā vedanā, dukkhā vedanā. Yāyaṃ, bhante, adukkhamasukhā vedanā santasmiṃ esā paṇīte sukhe vuttā bhagavatā”ti. Neva kho sakkhi āyasmā udāyī pañcakaṅgaṃ thapatiṃ saññāpetuṃ na panāsakkhi pañcakaṅgo thapati āyasmantaṃ udāyiṃ saññāpetuṃ.
   89. Assosi kho āyasmā ānando āyasmato udāyissa pañcakaṅgena thapatinā saddhiṃ imaṃ kathāsallāpaṃ. Atha kho āyasmā ānando yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā ānando yāvatako ahosi āyasmato udāyissa pañcakaṅgena thapatinā saddhiṃ kathāsallāpo taṃ sabbaṃ bhagavato ārocesi. Evaṃ vutte, bhagavā āyasmantaṃ ānandaṃ etadavoca– “santaññeva kho, ānanda, pariyāyaṃ pañcakaṅgo thapati udāyissa nābbhanumodi, santaññeva ca pana pariyāyaṃ udāyī pañcakaṅgassa thapatissa nābbhanumodi. Dvepānanda, vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena tissopi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, pañcapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, chapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, aṭṭhārasapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, chattiṃsapi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena, aṭṭhasatampi vedanā vuttā mayā pariyāyena. Evaṃ pariyāyadesito kho, ānanda, mayā dhammo. Evaṃ pariyāyadesite kho, ānanda, mayā dhamme ye aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ na samanujānissanti na samanumaññissanti na samanumodissanti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ– bhaṇḍanajātā kalahajātā vivādāpannā aññamaññaṃ mukhasattīhi vitudantā viharissanti. Evaṃ pariyāyadesito kho, ānanda, mayā dhammo. Evaṃ pariyāyadesite kho, ānanda, mayā dhamme ye aññamaññassa subhāsitaṃ sulapitaṃ samanujānissanti samanumaññissanti samanumodissanti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ– samaggā sammodamānā avivadamānā khīrodakībhūtā aññamaññaṃ piyacakkhūhi sampassantā viharissanti”.
   90. “Pañca kho ime, ānanda, kāmaguṇā. Katame pañca? Cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā, sotaviññeyyā saddā …pe… ghānaviññeyyā gandhā …pe… jivhāviññeyyā rasā …pe… kāyaviññeyyā phoṭṭhabbā iṭṭhā kantā manāpā piyarūpā kāmūpasaṃhitā rajanīyā– ime kho, ānanda, pañca kāmaguṇā. Yaṃ kho, ānanda, ime pañca kāmaguṇe paṭicca uppajjati sukhaṃ somanassaṃ idaṃ vuccati kāmasukhaṃ.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya– ‘etaparamaṃ sattā sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti, idamassa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya– ‘etaparamaṃ sattā sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti, idamassa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā …pe… dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya …pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu pītiyā ca virāgā …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya …pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā …pe… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya …pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā, paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā, nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya …pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya …pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya …pe…. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   “Yo kho, ānanda, evaṃ vadeyya– ‘etaparamaṃ sattā sukhaṃ somanassaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti, idamassa nānujānāmi. Taṃ kissa hetu? Atthānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca. Katamañcānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca? Idhānanda, bhikkhu sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Idaṃ kho, ānanda, etamhā sukhā aññaṃ sukhaṃ abhikkantatarañca paṇītatarañca.
   91. “Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, ānanda, vijjati yaṃ aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ vadeyyuṃ ‘saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ samaṇo gotamo āha; tañca sukhasmiṃ paññapeti. Tayidaṃ kiṃsu, tayidaṃ kathaṃsū’ti? Evaṃvādino, ānanda, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evamassu vacanīyā– ‘na kho, āvuso, bhagavā sukhaṃyeva vedanaṃ sandhāya sukhasmiṃ paññapeti; api ca, āvuso, yattha yattha sukhaṃ upalabbhati yahiṃ yahiṃ taṃ taṃ tathāgato sukhasmiṃ paññapetī’”ti.
   Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā ānando bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.
   Bahuvedanīyasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ navamaṃ.
漢巴經文比對(莊春江作):
  「五受(SA.485)」:「樂根(身觸所生樂與喜悅的感受)、喜根(意觸所生樂與喜悅的感受)、苦根(身觸所生苦與不喜悅的感受)、憂根(意觸所生苦與不喜悅的感受)、捨根(身體的或心理的既非喜悅也非不喜悅的感受)」,亦即「身樂心喜,身苦心憂,身捨心捨」,參看SN.48.38。
  「百八受(SA.485);一百零八受」,另參看SN.36.22。
  「欲樂」(kāmasukhaṃ),菩提比丘長老英譯為「感官快樂」(sensual pleasure)。
  「離欲樂,遠離樂,寂滅樂,菩提樂(SA.485)」,南傳作「不論什麼情況」(yahiṃ yahiṃ),菩提比丘長老英譯為「於任何方式」(in whatever way)。按:《顯揚真義》等以「如來安立一切無苦的狀態就在樂中」(taṃ sabbaṃ tathāgato niddukkhabhāvaṃ sukhasmiṃyeva paññapetīti, SN.36.19/MN.59)解說。