經號:   
   (長部23經 更新)
長部23經/波亞西經(大品[第二])(莊春江譯)[DA.7, MA.71]
  被我這麼聽聞
  有一次,在憍薩羅進行遊行尊者鳩摩羅迦葉與約五百位比丘的大比丘僧團抵達名叫謝大亞的憍薩羅國城市。在那裡,尊者鳩摩羅迦葉住在謝大亞北邊的謝大亞申恕林中。當時,波亞西親王住在謝大亞:眾生增盛的,有草、薪、水的,有穀物的,國王財產的,被憍薩羅國波斯匿王施與,國王施與物,尊貴施與的。(406)
波亞西親王之事
  當時,波亞西親王長時間生起這樣邪惡的惡見:「像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們聽聞:「先生!在憍薩羅進行遊行的沙門喬達摩弟子,沙門鳩摩羅迦葉與約五百位比丘的大比丘僧團已抵達謝大亞,住在謝大亞北邊的謝大亞申恕林中。又,對那位鳩摩羅迦葉尊師有這樣的好名聲被傳播:『他是賢智者、聰明者、有智慧者、多聞者、巧說者、善辯才者、年長者,同時也是阿羅漢。』見到像這樣的阿羅漢,那就好了!」那時,謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們從謝大亞出去後,群眾追隨群眾地、成群地向北走,去申恕林。(407)
  當時,波亞西親王在高樓上層午睡。波亞西親王看見謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們從謝大亞出去後,群眾追隨群眾地、成群地向北走,去申恕林。看見後,召喚守護員:「守護員先生!為何謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們從謝大亞出去後,群眾追隨群眾地、成群地向北走,去申恕林呢?」
  「先生!有位在憍薩羅國進行遊行的沙門喬達摩的弟子,沙門鳩摩羅迦葉與約五百位比丘的大比丘僧團已抵達謝大亞,住在謝大亞北邊的謝大亞申恕林中。又,對那位鳩摩羅迦葉尊師有這樣的好名聲被傳播:『他是賢智者、聰明者、有智慧者、多聞者、巧說者、善辯才者、年長者,同時也是阿羅漢。』他們為了見那位鳩摩羅迦葉尊師前往。」「守護員先生!那樣的話,請你去見謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們。抵達後,請你對謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們這麼說:『先生!波亞西親王這麼說:「請尊師們等候,波亞西親王也將為了見沙門鳩摩羅迦葉前往。」』之前,沙門鳩摩羅迦葉教導無知的(愚的)、不聰明的謝大亞婆羅門屋主們:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』守護員先生!確實無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」「是的,先生!」那位守護員回答波亞西親王後,去見謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們。抵達後,對謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們說這個:「先生!波亞西親王這麼說:『請尊師們等候,波亞西親王也將為了見沙門鳩摩羅迦葉前往。』」(408)
  那時,波亞西親王被謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們圍繞,去申恕林見尊者鳩摩羅迦葉。抵達後,與尊者鳩摩羅迦葉一起互相問候。交換應該被互相問候的友好交談後,在一旁坐下。謝大亞的婆羅門屋主們一些向尊者鳩摩羅迦葉問訊後,在一旁坐下;一些與尊者鳩摩羅迦葉一起互相問候。交換應該被互相問候的友好交談後,在一旁坐下;一些向尊者鳩摩羅迦葉合掌鞠躬後,在一旁坐下;一些在尊者鳩摩羅迦葉面前報出姓名後,在一旁坐下;一些沈默地在一旁坐下。(409)
虛無論
  在一旁坐下的波亞西親王對尊者鳩摩羅迦葉說這個:「迦葉尊師!我是這樣說者、這樣見者:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!我沒看見或聽聞這樣知者、這樣見者,怎麼會這麼說:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』呢?(410)
日月的譬喻
  親王!那樣的話,就在這件事上我將反問你,你就如對你能接受的那樣回答它。親王!你怎麼想它:這日月是在這個世界或在他方呢?祂們是天或人?」「迦葉尊師!這日月是在他方世界,不是在這裡,祂們是天,不是人。」「親王!以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(411)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門,以該法門你這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』嗎?」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!如怎樣會有?」「迦葉尊師!這裡,我的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們是殺生者、未被給與的拿取者、邪淫者、妄語者、離間語者、粗惡語者、雜穢語者、貪婪者、有瞋害心者、邪見者,他們過些時候是生病者、受苦者、重病者。當我知道:『現在,這個病將不會痊癒。』時,我去見他們後這麼說:『先生!有一些沙門婆羅門是這樣知者、這樣見者:「凡那些殺生者、未被給與的拿取者、邪淫者、妄語者、離間語者、粗惡語者、雜穢語者、貪婪者、有瞋害心者、邪見者,他們以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界惡趣下界、地獄。」尊師們是殺生者、未被給與的拿取者、邪淫者、妄語者、離間語者、粗惡語者、雜穢語者、貪婪者、有瞋害心者、邪見者,如果那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的言語是真的,尊師們以身體的崩解,死後將往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。先生!如果你們以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄,願你們從那裡回來告訴我:「像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」還有,尊師們是我的可信賴者、能信賴者,凡被尊師們看見,這就將如被我親自看見。』他們回答『』後,既沒回來告訴我,又沒派遣使者。迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(412)
盜賊的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,就在這件事上我將反問你,你就如對你能接受的那樣回答它。親王!你怎麼想它:這裡,如果男子們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後對你展示:『大德!這位是你的盜賊、罪犯,請你對這位判決凡你想要的那個處罰。』你對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,對這位男子以堅固的繩索手在背後緊緊地捆綁後,剃光頭後,以猛烈聲的銅鼓,從街道到街道;從十字路口到十字路口遍帶領後,經南門出去後,請你們在城南的斬首台斬首。』他們回答『好』後,對那位男子以堅固的繩索手在背後緊緊地捆綁後,剃光頭後,以猛烈聲的銅鼓,從街道到街道;從十字路口到十字路口遍帶領後,經南門出去後,在城南的斬首台使之坐下。那位盜賊在行刑者們處得到:『請行刑者尊師們等候,在那個村落或城鎮有我的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們,直到我對他們指定後回來。』或者,行刑者就對喋喋不休者斬首呢?」「迦葉尊師!那位盜賊在行刑者們處得不到:『請行刑者尊師們等候,在那個村落或城鎮有我的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們,直到我對他們指定後回來。』那時,行刑者就對喋喋不休者斬首。」「親王!那位人間盜賊確實在生為人的行刑者們處將得不到:『請行刑者尊師們等候,在那個村落或城鎮有我的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們,直到我對他們指定後回來。』那麼,為何你的殺生的、未被給與的拿取的、邪淫的、妄語的、離間語的、粗惡語的、雜穢語的、貪婪的、有瞋害心的、邪見的、以身體的崩解死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們,他們在獄卒們處將得到:『請獄卒尊師們等候,直到我們去告訴波亞西親王:「像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」呢?』親王!也以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(413)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門,以該法門你這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』嗎?」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!如怎樣會有?」「迦葉尊師!這裡,我的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們是離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離離間語者、離粗惡語者、離雜穢語者、不貪婪者、無瞋害心者、正見者,他們過些時候是生病者、受苦者、重病者。當我知道:『現在,這個病將不會痊癒。』時,我去見他們後這麼說:『先生!有一些沙門婆羅門是這樣知者、這樣見者:「凡那些離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離離間語者、離粗惡語者、離雜穢語者、不貪婪者、無瞋害心者、正見者,他們以身體的崩解,死後往生到善趣、天界。」尊師們是離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離離間語者、離粗惡語者、離雜穢語者、不貪婪者、無瞋害心者、正見者,如果那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的言語是真的,尊師們以身體的崩解,死後將往生善趣、天界。先生!如果你們以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界,願你們從那裡回來告訴我:「像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」還有,尊師們是我的可信賴者、能信賴者,凡被尊師們看見,這就將如被我親自看見。』他們回答『好』後,既沒回來告訴我,又沒派遣使者。迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(414)
糞坑男子的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!猶如男子包含頭被陷入糞坑中,那時,你命令男子們:『先生!那樣的話,請你們從糞坑拉起那位男子。』他們回答『好』後,從糞坑拉起那位男子。你對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們以竹片從那位男子的身體善刮掉地刮掉糞便。』他們回答『好』後,以竹片從那位男子的身體善刮掉地刮掉糞便。你對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們以黃土善搓揉地搓揉那位男子的身體三次。』他們以黃土善搓揉地搓揉那位男子的身體三次。你對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,以油塗抹那位男子後,請你們以細粉善清潔地作三次。』他們以油塗抹那位男子後,以細粉善清潔地作三次。你對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們整理(作)那位男子的髮鬚。』他們整理那位男子的髮鬚。你對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們贈送那位男子高價值的花環、高價值的塗油、高價值的衣服。』他們贈送那位男子高價值的花環、高價值的塗油、高價值的衣服。你對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們使那位男子登上高樓後,使五種欲伺候。』他們使那位男子登上高樓後,使五種欲伺候。
  親王!你怎麼想它:是否那位善沐浴的、善塗油的、善整理髮鬚的、裝飾花環瓔珞、穿白衣的、到殊勝高樓上層的、具備具有五種欲、被伺候的那位男子還有再陷入到那個糞坑的欲望呢?」「迦葉尊師!這確實不是。那是什麼原因?迦葉尊師!是不淨。糞坑就是不淨的與被稱呼不淨的;惡臭的與被稱呼惡臭的;嫌惡的與被稱呼嫌惡的;厭逆的與被稱呼厭逆的。」「同樣的,親王!人類對諸天就是不淨的與被稱呼不淨的;惡臭的與被稱呼惡臭的;嫌惡的與被稱呼嫌惡的;厭逆的與被稱呼厭逆的,親王!人的味道向上壓迫諸天神一百由旬。那麼,為何你的離殺生的、離未被給與的拿取的、離邪淫的、離妄語的、離離間語的、離粗惡語的、離雜穢語的、不貪婪的、無瞋害心的、正見的、以身體的崩解死後往生善趣、天界的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們,他們會回來告訴你:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』呢?親王!也以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(415)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門……(中略)」「親王!如怎樣會有?」「迦葉尊師!這裡,我的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們是離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,他們過些時候是生病者、受苦者、重病者。當我知道:『現在,這個病將不會痊癒。』時,我去見他們後這麼說:『先生!有一些沙門婆羅門是這樣知者、這樣見者:「凡那些離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,他們以身體的崩解,死後往生到善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態。」尊師們是離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,如果那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的言語是真的,尊師們以身體的崩解,死後將會往生善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態。先生!如果你們以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態,願你們從那裡回來告訴我:「像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」還有,尊師們是我的可信賴者、能信賴者,凡尊師們所見的,那將如我親自所見的。』他們回答『好』後,既沒回來告訴我,又沒派遣使者。迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(416)
三十三天天神的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,就在這件事上我將反問你,你就如對你能接受的那樣回答它。親王!又,凡人間的一百年是這三十三天天神們的一日夜,以那個夜,三十夜是一個月,以那個月,十二月是一年,以那個年,一千天年是三十三天天神們的壽量。凡你的朋友們、同事們、親族們、血親們是離殺生者、離未被給與的拿取者、離邪淫者、離妄語者、離榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,他們以身體的崩解,死後已往生到善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態。又,如果他們這麼想:『直到我們具備、具有天之五種欲自娛二或三日夜,我們再去告訴波亞西親王:「像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」』是否他們會回來告訴你:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』呢?」「迦葉尊師!這確實不是。迦葉尊師!因為我們恐怕也已命終很久。但,誰告訴迦葉尊師『有三十三天天神們』或『三十三天天神們是這麼長壽者』?我們不相信迦葉尊師的『有三十三天天神們』、『三十三天天神們是這麼長壽者』。」(417)
天生盲者的譬喻
  「親王!猶如天生失明的男子沒看見諸黑的白的形色,沒看見諸藍的形色,沒看見諸黃的形色,沒看見諸赤紅的形色,沒看見諸深紅的形色,沒看見平的不平的,沒看見諸星星形色,沒看見日月,他這麼說:『沒有黑的白的形色,沒有看見黑的白的形色者;沒有藍色的形色,沒有看見藍色的形色者;沒有黃色的形色,沒有看見黃色的形色者;沒有赤紅色的形色,沒有看見赤紅色的形色者;沒有深紅色的形色,沒有看見深紅色的形色者;沒有平不平的,沒有平不平的看見者;沒有星光,沒有星光的看見者;沒有日月,沒有日月的看見者,我不知道這個,沒看見這個,因此,它不存在。』親王!那位說者正確地說嗎?」「迦葉尊師!這確實不是。有黑的白的形色,有黑的白的形色看見者;有藍的形色,有藍的形色看見者……(中略)有平不平的,有平不平的看見者;有星光,有星光的看見者;有日月,有日月的看見者。『我不知道這個,沒看見這個,因此,它不存在。』迦葉尊師!那位說者沒正確地說。」
  「同樣的,親王!你看起來像顯現如天生失明者:凡你對我這麼說:『誰告訴迦葉尊師「有三十三天天神們」或「三十三天天神們是這麼長壽者」?我們不相信迦葉尊師的「有三十三天天神們」、「三十三天天神們是這麼長壽者」。』親王!這樣的他方世界不能被看見:如你想以這個肉眼。親王!凡那些沙門婆羅門受用林野、荒林、邊地臥坐處,在那裡住於不放逸的、熱心的、自我努力的他們使天眼變成清淨,他們以清淨、超越常人的天眼,看見這個,連同他方世界,以及化生眾生。親王!而這樣的他方世界能被看見,但不就如你想以這個肉眼。親王!也以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(418)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!這裡,我看見持戒的、善法的、想要活命不想要死的、想要樂厭逆苦的沙門婆羅門們,迦葉尊師!那個我這麼想:『如果這些持戒的、善法的沙門婆羅門尊師們這麼知道:「從這裡死去的我們將有更好的。」現在,這些持戒的、善法的沙門婆羅門尊師們應該吃毒藥,或應該取刀,或應該懸吊後命終,或應該在斷崖處落入。但,凡這些持戒的、善法的沙門婆羅門尊師們不這麼知道:「從這裡死去的我們將有更好的。」因此,這些持戒的、善法的、想要活命不想要死的、想要樂厭逆苦的沙門婆羅門們不殺害自己。』迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(419)
孕婦的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!從前,某位婆羅門有兩位妻子,一位有個十歲年齡或十二歲年齡的兒子,另一位是臨近產期的孕婦。那時,那位婆羅門命終。那時,那位學生婆羅門對母親共事一夫者說這個:『女士!凡這裡財產,或穀物,或銀,或金,那全部是我的,在這裡沒有任何是你的,女士!請你交與我父親的遺產。』在這麼說時,那位女婆羅門對那位學生婆羅門說這個:『孩子!請你等候,直到我生產,如果是男孩,他也有一部分,如果是女孩,她也是你的妻子。』第二次,那位學生婆羅門又對母親共事一夫者說這個:『女士!凡這裡財產,或穀物,或銀,或金,那全部是我的,在這裡沒有任何是你的,女士!請你交與我父親的遺產。』第二次,那位女婆羅門又對那位學生婆羅門說這個:『孩子!請你等候,直到我生產,如果是男孩,他也有一部分,如果是女孩,她也是你的妻子。』第三次,那位學生婆羅門又對母親共事一夫者說這個:『女士!凡這裡財產,或穀物,或銀,或金,那全部是我的,在這裡沒有任何是你的,女士!請你交與我父親的遺產。』
  那時,那位女婆羅門取刀、進入內室後,打開腹部:『到底(直到)我生產男孩又或女孩?』她使自己的性命,連同胎兒與財產滅亡,如那個無知者、不聰明者、不如理地尋求遺產者已來到不幸、災難。同樣的,親王!你是無知者、不聰明者、不如理地尋求他方世界者,將來到不幸、災難,猶如那位女婆羅門是無知者、不聰明者、不如理地尋求遺產者已來到不幸、災難。親王!持戒的、善法的沙門婆羅門們不使未成熟的遍熟,而是等候遍熟。親王!因為,持戒的、善法的沙門婆羅門賢智們以活命有利益,親王!如是如是持戒的、善法的沙門婆羅門們長久、長時間地住立,如是如是許多福德產出:為了眾人的利益,為了眾人的安樂,為了世間的憐愍,為了天-人們的需要、利益、安樂實行。親王!也以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(420)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!這裡,男子們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後對我展示:『大德!這位是你的盜賊、罪犯,請你對這位判決凡你想要的那個處罰。』我對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,放這位活著的男子入甕中、封閉開口、以新鮮皮革捆綁、以濕黏土厚厚地作塗布、使登上爐灶後,請你們給與火。』他們回答『好』後,放那位活著的男子入甕中、封閉開口、以新鮮皮革捆綁、以濕黏土厚厚地作塗布、使登上爐灶後,他們給與火。當我們知道:『那位男子已命終。』那時,降下甕、破出、打開開口,我們仔細地注視:『或許我們就會看見他出去的。』我們仍沒看見他出去的命。迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(421)
夢的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,就在這件事上我將反問你,你就如對你能接受的那樣回答它。親王!你記得(證知)白天的躺臥,成為進入夢者,能令人喜樂的園林、能令人喜樂的森林、能令人喜樂的土地、能令人喜樂的蓮花池之看見者嗎?」「迦葉尊師!我記得白天的躺臥,成為進入夢者,能令人喜樂的園林、能令人喜樂的森林、能令人喜樂的土地、能令人喜樂的蓮花池之看見者。」「在那時,駝背者們及侏儒們及少女們及年輕女子們守護你嗎?」「是的,迦葉尊師!在那時,駝背者們及侏儒們及少女們及年輕女子們守護我。」「是否他們看見你進入的或出去的命呢?」「迦葉尊師!這確實不是。」「親王!他們就沒看見活著的你進入的或出去的命,那麼,為何你將看見死者進入的或出去的命?親王!也以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(422)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!這裡,男子們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後對我展示:『大德!這位是你的盜賊、罪犯,請你對這位判決凡你想要的那個處罰。』我對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,就以秤秤這位活著的男子後,以弦殺死後,請你們就再次以秤秤無呼吸者。』他們回答『好』後,就以秤秤這位活著的男子後,以弦殺死後,他們就再次以秤秤無呼吸者。當他活著,那時是較輕的、較柔軟的、較適合作業的,而當他已命終,那時是較重的、較僵硬的、較不適合作業的。迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(423)
被加熱鐵球的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!猶如男子以秤秤白天被加熱的、燃燒的、熾然的、發紅的鐵球,過些時以秤秤冷的、熄滅的它,什麼時候那個鐵球是較輕的,或較柔軟的,或較適合作業的:當燃燒的、熾然的、發紅的時,或當冷的、熄滅的時?」「迦葉尊師!當那個鐵球是與火俱行的、與風俱行的、熾然的、發紅的,那時是較輕的、較柔軟的、較適合作業的,而當那個鐵球是既不與火俱行的,也不與風俱行的,冷的、熄滅的,那時是較重的、較僵硬的、較不適合作業的。」「同樣的,親王!當這個身體是與壽俱行的、與暖俱行的、與識俱行的,那時是較輕的、較柔軟的、較適合作業的,而當這個身體是既不與壽俱行的,也不與暖俱行的、不與識俱行的,那時是較重的、較僵硬的、較不適合作業的。親王!也以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(424)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!這裡,男子們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後對我展示:『大德!這位是你的盜賊、罪犯,請你對這位判決凡你想要的那個處罰。』我對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,不破壞這位男子外皮、皮膚、肌肉、筋、骨、骨髓後,請你們奪取生命,或許我們就會看見出去的命。』他們回答『好』後,不破壞這位男子外皮……(中略)後,他們奪取生命。當他是未死的時,我對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們使這位男子朝上地倒下,或許我們就會看見出去的命。』他們使那位男子朝上地倒下,我們仍沒看見他出去的命。我對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們使這位男子朝下地倒下……請你們使側邊地倒下……請你們使第二側邊地倒下……請你們使朝上地站立……請你們使頭朝下地站立……請你們以拳毆打……請你們以土塊毆打……請你們以棍棒毆打……請你們以刀毆打……請你們甩動、搖動、抖動,或許我們就會看見出去的命。』他們甩動、搖動、抖動那位男子,我們仍沒看見他出去的命。他即便有那個眼、那些色,但那個入處不感受;即便有那個耳、那些聲音,但那個入處不感受;即便有那個鼻、那些氣味,但那個入處不感受;即便有那個舌、那些味道,但那個入處不感受;即便有那個身、那些所觸,但那個入處不感受。迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(425)
吹法螺者的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!從前,某位吹法螺者取螺貝後,去邊境地方。他前往某個村落,抵達後,在村落的中間站立地吹響螺貝三聲、放置螺貝在地上後,在一旁坐下。親王!那時,邊境地方的人們這麼想:『喂!這個這麼誘人的(能被染的)、這麼能被欲求的、這麼能被陶醉的、這麼能被繫縛的、這麼能被迷戀的聲音是哪個的呢?』聚集後,對那位吹法螺者說這個:『喂!這個這麼誘人的、這麼能被欲求的、這麼能被陶醉的、這麼能被繫縛的、這麼能被迷戀的聲音是哪個的呢?』『先生!這是名叫螺貝的,它有這麼誘人的、這麼能被欲求的、這麼能被陶醉的、這麼能被繫縛的、這麼能被迷昏頭的聲音。』他們使那個螺貝朝上地倒下:『螺貝先生!請你說,螺貝先生!請你說。』那個螺貝不發(作)聲。他們使那個螺貝朝下地倒下……他們使側邊地倒下……他們使第二側邊地倒下……他們使朝上地站立……他們使頭朝下地站立……他們以拳毆打……他們以土塊毆打……他們以棍棒毆打……他們以刀毆打……他們甩動、搖動、抖動那個螺貝:『螺貝先生!請你說,螺貝先生!請你說』那個螺貝仍不發聲。
  親王!那時,那位吹法螺者想這個:『這些邊境地方的人們是多麼無知的,怎麼會不如理地尋求螺貝聲。』對觀看的他們,他拿起螺貝、吹響螺貝三聲、拿取螺貝後離開。親王!那時,那些邊境地方的人們想這個:『先生!顯然當這螺貝確實是與男子俱行的、與精進俱行的、與風俱行的,那時這個螺貝發聲。當這個螺貝是既不與男子俱行的,也不與精進俱行的、不與風俱行的,那時這個螺貝不發聲。』同樣的,親王!當這個身體是與壽俱行的、與暖俱行的、與識俱行的,那時前進,及返回,及站立,及坐下,及躺下,及以眼看見色,及以耳聽聲音,及以鼻聞氣味,及以舌嚐味道,及以身觸所觸,及以意識知法。但當這個身體是既不與壽俱行的,也不與暖俱行的、不與識俱行的,那時既不前進,也不返回、不站立、不坐下、不躺下、不以眼看見色、不以耳聽聲音、不以鼻聞氣味、不以舌嚐味道、不以身觸所觸、不以意識知法。親王!也以這個法門,請你這麼想:『像這樣,有他方世界,有化生眾生,有善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(426)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,在這裡,我仍這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」「親王!那麼,有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!有其它法門……(中略)」「迦葉尊師!這裡,男子們捕捉盜賊、罪犯後對我展示:『大德!這位是你的盜賊、罪犯,請你對這位判決凡你想要的那個處罰。』我對他們這麼說:『先生!那樣的話,請你們切開這位男子的外皮,或許我們就會看見命。』他們切開那位男子的外皮,我們沒看見他出去的命。我對他們說這個:『先生!那樣的話,請你們切開這位男子的皮膚……請你們切開肌肉……請你們切開筋……請你們切開骨……請你們切開骨髓,或許我們就會看見命。』他們切開那位男子的骨髓,我們仍沒看見他出去的命。迦葉尊師!這也是法門,以該法門我這麼想:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』」(427)
結髮拜火者的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!從前,某位結髮拜火者住在林野處的葉屋。那時,在地方上出現某個商隊。那時,那個商隊在那位結髮拜火者的草屋附近住一夜後離去。親王!那時,那位結髮拜火者想這個:『讓我前往那個商隊駐紮處,或許就在那裡會獲得什麼資具。』那時,那位結髮拜火者在清晨起來後,前往那個商隊駐紮處。抵達後,在那個商隊駐紮處看見被拋棄的年幼愚鈍仰臥男童。看見後,他想這個:『那對我不適當:凡我看見生為人的會命終,讓我帶這個小孩去草屋後養育、扶養、養大。』那時,那位結髮拜火者對那個小孩帶去草屋後養育、扶養、養大。當那個小孩是十歲年齡的或十二歲年齡的,那時,那位結髮拜火者在田舍就某種應該被作的發生(生起)。那時,那位結髮拜火者對那位小孩說這個:『兒啊!我要去田舍,兒啊!你應該照顧火,且火不要因你熄滅。而如果火因你熄滅,這是斧,這些是柴,這是取火的上鑽木,使火生起後,你應該照顧火。』那時,那位結髮拜火者這麼教誡那個小孩後,去田舍。那時,當他熱衷遊戲時,火熄滅。
  那時,那個小孩想這個:『父親對我這麼說:「兒啊!我要去田舍,兒啊!你應該照顧火,且火不要因你熄滅。而如果火因你熄滅,這是斧,這些是柴,這是取火的上鑽木,使火生起後,你應該照顧火。」讓我使火生起後,應該照顧火。』那時,那個小孩以斧削火的上鑽木:『或許我就會獲得火。』他沒獲得火。他使火的上鑽木裂開兩片,使裂開三片,使裂開四片,使裂開五片,使裂開十片,使裂開百片,作碎片碎片(碎碎地作)。作碎片碎片後,在臼中搗。在臼中搗後,暴露在大風中:『或許我就會獲得火。』他仍沒獲得火。
  那時,那位結髮拜火者在田舍那個應該被作的完成後,前往自己的草屋。抵達後,對那個小孩說這個:『兒啊!是否火沒因你熄滅?』『父親!這裡,當我熱衷遊戲時,火熄滅。那個我想這個:「父親對我這麼說:『兒啊!你應該照顧火,且火不要因你熄滅。而如果火因你熄滅,這是斧,這些是柴,這是取火的上鑽木,使火生起後,你應該照顧火。』讓我生起火後,應該照顧火。」父親!那時,我以斧削火的上鑽木:『或許我就會獲得火。』我沒獲得火。我使火的上鑽木裂開兩片,使裂開三片,使裂開四片,使裂開五片,使裂開十片,使裂開百片,作碎片碎片。作碎片碎片後,在臼中搗。在臼中搗後,暴露在大風中:「或許我就會獲得火。」我仍沒獲得火。』那時,那位結髮拜火者想這個:『這個小孩是多麼無知的、不聰明的,怎麼會不如理地尋求火。』對觀看的他,他拿起取火的上鑽木、使火生起後,對那個小孩說這個:『兒啊!應該這樣使火被生起,但就不如是,你是無知的、不聰明的,不如理地尋求火。』同樣的,親王!你是無知的、不聰明的,將不如理地尋求他方世界。親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,不要你有長久的不利、苦。」(428)
  「即使迦葉尊師這麼說,我仍不能夠斷念這個邪惡的惡見。憍薩羅國波斯匿王及外國國王知道我:『波亞西親王是這樣知者、這樣見者:「像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。」』迦葉尊師!如果我斷念這個邪惡的惡見,他們將會是對我說者:『波亞西親王是多麼無知的、不聰明的、惡把握的執取者。』我將會因憤怒攜帶它,我也將會因藏惡攜帶它,我也將會因專橫攜帶它。」(429)
二位商隊領袖的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!從前,貨車大商隊有千輛貨車從東方地方到西方地方,它所到之處,就急速地遍取草、薪木、水、野菜、樹葉。而在那個商隊中有二位商隊領袖,一位有五百輛貨車,一位有五百輛貨車。那時,那些商隊領袖們想這個:『這個貨車大商隊有千輛貨車,那些我們所到之處,就急速地遍取草、薪木、水、野菜、樹葉。讓我們區分這個商隊為二:一邊五百貨車,一邊五百貨車。』他們區分那個商隊為二:一邊五百貨車,一邊五百貨車。一邊的商隊領袖準備好許多草、薪木、水後,使商隊出發。又,已出發二、三天,那個商隊看見黑的、紅眼睛的、綁緊箭袋的、戴蓮花環的、濕衣服的、濕頭髮的、以車輪被泥沾污的牛車對面道路來的男子。看見後,說這個:『先生!你從哪裡來?』『從那樣的地方。』『你將去哪裡?』『名叫那樣的地方』『先生!是否在前方荒野處有下大雨的大雨雲?』『是的,先生!在前方荒野處有下大雨的大雨雲,水已灌入諸路徑,有許多草、薪木、水,先生!請你們捨棄先前的草、薪木、水,請你們以輕負荷貨車一一快速地行走,不要軛牛疲累。』
  那時,商隊領袖召喚商隊們:『先生!這位男子這麼說:「在前方荒野處有下大雨的大雨雲,水已灌入諸路徑,有許多草、薪木、水,先生!請你們捨棄先前的草、薪木、水,請你們以輕負荷貨車一一快速地行走,不要軛牛疲累。」先生!請你們捨棄先前的草、薪木、水,請你們以輕負荷貨車使商隊前行。』『是的,先生!』那些商隊回答商隊領袖後,捨棄先前的草、薪木、水,以輕負荷貨車使商隊前行。在第一個商隊駐紮處他們沒看見草,或薪木,或水,在第二個商隊駐紮處也……在第三個商隊駐紮處也……在第四個商隊駐紮處也……在第五個商隊駐紮處也……在第六個商隊駐紮處也……在第七個商隊駐紮處他們也沒看見草,或薪木,或水,全部都來到不幸、災難,而凡在那個商隊中是人們或諸牲畜,那位夜叉非人全部吃,只有殘餘骸骨。
  當第二位商隊領袖知道:『先生!現在,那個商隊已離去夠久。』時,準備好許多草、薪木、水後,使商隊出發。又,已出發二、三天,那個商隊看見黑的、紅眼睛的、綁緊箭袋的、戴蓮花環的、濕衣服的、濕頭髮的、以車輪被泥沾污的牛車對面道路來的男子。看見後,說這個:『先生!你從哪裡來?』『從那樣的地方。』『你將去哪裡?』『名叫那樣的地方』『先生!是否在前方荒野處有下大雨的大雨雲?』『是的,先生!在前方荒野處有下大雨的大雨雲,水已灌入諸路徑,有許多草、薪木、水,先生!請你們捨棄先前的草、薪木、水,請你們以輕負荷貨車一一快速地行走,不要軛牛疲累。』
  那時,商隊領袖召喚商隊們:『先生!這位男子這麼說:「在前方荒野處有下大雨的大雨雲,水已灌入諸路徑,有許多草、薪木、水,先生!請你們捨棄先前的草、薪木、水,請你們以輕負荷貨車一一快速地行走,不要軛牛疲累。」先生!這位男子既非我們的朋友,也非親族、血親,為何我們將以相信行去?先前的草、薪木、水不應該被你們捨棄,請你們以如是攜帶的物品使商隊前行,我們將不捨棄先前的。』『是的,先生!』那些商隊回答那個商隊領袖後,以如是攜帶的物品使商隊前行。在第一個商隊駐紮處他們沒看見草,或薪木,或水,在第二個商隊駐紮處也……在第三個商隊駐紮處也……在第四個商隊駐紮處也……在第五個商隊駐紮處也……在第六個商隊駐紮處也……在第七個商隊駐紮處他們也沒看見草,或薪木,或水,但他們看見那個商隊已來到不幸、災難:而凡在那個商隊中即使是人們或諸牲畜,他們只看見他們被那位夜叉、非人吃的骸骨。
  那時,那個商隊領袖召喚商隊們:『先生!這個商隊已來到不幸、災難,如那個由那位無知的商隊領袖指導者。先生!那樣的話,凡在我們的商隊中少價值的商品,捨棄那些後,凡在這個商隊中大價值的商品,請你們拿取那些。』『是的,先生!』那些商隊回答那個商隊領袖後,凡在自己的商隊中少價值的商品,捨棄那些後,凡在那個商隊中大價值的商品,拿取那些後,如那個由那位賢智的商隊領袖指導者。同樣的,親王!你是無知的、不聰明的、不如理地尋求他方世界的,將來到不幸、災難,猶如前面的那位商隊領袖,及凡他們認為你的應該被聽聞、應該被相信,他們也將來到不幸、災難,猶如那些商隊。親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,不要你有長久的不利、苦。」(430)
  「即使迦葉尊師說這個,但我不能夠斷念這個邪惡的惡見。憍薩羅國波斯匿王與外國國王知道我:『波亞西親王是這樣知者、這樣見者:「像這樣,無其他世間……(中略)報。」』迦葉尊師!如果我斷念這個邪惡的惡見,他們將會是對我說者:『波亞西親王是多麼無知的、不聰明的、持錯誤的執見者。』我將會因憤怒攜帶它,我也將會因藏惡攜帶它,我也將會因專橫攜帶它。」(431)
擔糞者的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!從前,某位養豬男子從自己的村落到其它村落,在那裡,看見很多被捨棄的乾糞。看見後,他想這個:『而這很多被捨棄的乾糞是我的豬食物,讓我從這裡搬運乾糞。』他展開上衣、撒佈乾糞、捆成捆、抬上頭後行走。在他的路途中,下大非時雨,直到指甲尖被滲出的、流出的糞沾污,他抓住(拿)糞擔(糞負荷物)後行走。人們看見後,對他這麼說:『我說,是否你是發瘋的?是否是狂亂的?怎麼會直到指甲尖被滲出的、流出的糞沾污,還搬運糞擔?』『在這裡,我說,你們是發瘋的,你們是狂亂的,然而,因為像這樣是我的豬食物。』同樣的,親王!我想,你顯現如擔糞者。親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,不要你有長久的不利、苦。」(432)
  「即使迦葉尊師說這個,但我不能夠斷念這個邪惡的惡見。憍薩羅國波斯匿王與外國國王知道我:『波亞西親王是這樣知者、這樣見者:「像這樣,無其他世間……(中略)報。」』迦葉尊師!如果我斷念這個邪惡的惡見,他們將會是對我說者:『波亞西親王是多麼無知的、不聰明的、持錯誤的執見者。』我將會因憤怒攜帶它,我也將會因藏惡攜帶它,我也將會因專橫攜帶它。」(433)
賭徒的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!從前,有兩位賭徒以骰子賭博,一位賭徒吞下每來到的不幸運的骰子。第二位賭徒看見那位吞下每來到的不幸運的骰子的賭徒,看見後,對那位賭徒說這個:『朋友!你一向地贏,朋友!請你給我諸骰子,我將供奉。』『是的,朋友!』那位賭徒取得那位賭徒的諸骰子。那時,那位賭徒以毒藥使諸骰子遍滿後,對那位賭徒說這個:『來!朋友!我們以骰子賭博。』『是的,朋友!』那位賭徒回答那位賭徒。第二次,那些賭徒又以骰子賭博,那位賭徒吞下每來到的不幸運的骰子。第二位賭徒看見那位賭徒第二次又吞下每來到的不幸運的骰子,看見後,對那位賭徒說這個:
  「被最上的火塗上,吞下骰子的男子不自覺,
   咄!惡賭博者!吞下吞下,之後你將有劇烈的。」
  同樣的,親王!我想,你顯現如賭徒。親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,不要你有長久的不利、苦。」(434)
  「即使迦葉尊師說這個,但我不能夠斷念這個邪惡的惡見。憍薩羅國波斯匿王與外國國王知道我:『波亞西親王是這樣知者、這樣見者:「像這樣,無其他世間……(中略)報。」』迦葉尊師!如果我斷念這個邪惡的惡見,他們將會是對我說者:『波亞西親王是多麼無知的、不聰明的、持錯誤的執見者。』我將會因憤怒攜帶它,我也將會因藏惡攜帶它,我也將會因專橫攜帶它。」(435)
擔麻者的譬喻
  「親王!那樣的話,我將為你作譬喻,這裡,一些有智的男子以譬喻了知所說的義理。親王!從前,某個地方遷離(返回),那時,同伴召喚同伴:『朋友!我們走,讓我們去那個地方,或許在那裡我們會獲得什麼財物。』『是的,朋友!』同伴回答同伴。他們去那個地方,前往某個村落道路。在那裡,看見很多捨棄的麻。看見後,同伴召喚同伴:『朋友!這是很多捨棄的麻,朋友!那樣的話,請你捆一麻擔,我也將捆一麻擔,我們將拿起兩個麻擔後走。』『是的,朋友!』同伴回答同伴、捆麻擔後,他們拿取兩個麻擔後,前往某個村落道路。在那裡,看見很多捨棄的麻線。看見後,同伴召喚同伴:『朋友!這是很多捨棄的麻線:為了那個目的我們會想要麻。朋友!那樣的話,請你捨棄麻擔,我也將捨棄麻擔,我們將拿取兩個麻線擔後走。』『朋友!我的這個麻擔已很遠地攜帶,且已善綁緊,對我夠了,請你了解(知道)。』那時,那位同伴捨棄麻擔後,拿取麻線擔。
  他們前往某個村落道路。在那裡,他們看見很多捨棄的麻布。看見後,同伴召喚同伴:『朋友!這些是很多捨棄的麻布:為了那個目的我們會想要麻或麻線。朋友!那樣的話,請你捨棄麻擔,我也將捨棄麻線擔,我們將拿取兩個麻布擔後走。』『朋友!我的這個麻擔已很遠地攜帶,且已善綁緊,對我夠了,請你了解。』那時,那位同伴捨棄麻線擔後,拿取麻布擔。
  他們前往某個村落道路。在那裡,他們看見很多捨棄的亞麻。看見後……(中略)很多捨棄的亞麻線。看見後……很多捨棄的亞麻布。看見後……很多捨棄的木綿。看見後……很多捨棄的木綿線。看見後……很多捨棄的木綿布。看見後……很多捨棄的鐵。看見後……很多捨棄的銅。看見後……很多捨棄的錫。看見後……很多捨棄的鉛。看見後……很多捨棄的銀。看見後……很多捨棄的金。看見後,同伴召喚同伴:『朋友!這是很多捨棄的:為了那個目的我們會想要麻,或麻線,或麻布,或亞麻,或亞麻線,或亞麻布,或木綿,或木綿線,或木綿布,或鐵,或銅,或錫,或鉛,或銀,朋友!那樣的話,請你捨棄麻擔,我也將捨棄銀擔,我們將拿取兩個金擔後走。』『朋友!我的這個麻擔已很遠地攜帶,且已善綁緊,對我夠了,請你了解。』那時,那位同伴捨棄銀擔後,拿取金擔。
  他們前往自己的村落。在那裡,凡那位同伴拿取麻擔後走,他的父母既不歡喜,妻兒也不歡喜,朋友、同事也不歡喜,從那個因由不得到樂與喜悅。但凡那位同伴拿取金擔後走,他的父母歡喜,妻兒也歡喜,朋友、同事也歡喜,從那個因由得到樂與喜悅。同樣的,親王!我想,你顯現如擔麻者。親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,親王!請你斷念這個邪惡的惡見,不要你有長久的不利、苦。」(436)
歸依
  「我就以迦葉先生的最初譬喻是悅意的、滿意的,但是,我想要聽聞這種種質問的辯才,這樣,我就想迦葉尊師反對的應該被作。太偉大了,迦葉尊師!太偉大了,迦葉尊師!迦葉尊師!猶如扶正顛倒的,或揭開隱藏的,或告知迷路者的道路,或在黑暗中持燈火:『有眼者們看見諸色。』同樣的,法被迦葉尊師以種種法門說明。迦葉尊師!我歸依喬達摩尊師、法、比丘僧團,請迦葉尊師記得我為優婆塞,從今天起已終生歸依
  迦葉尊師!而我想要祭大牲祭,請迦葉先生教誡我:凡對我會有長久的利益、安樂。」(437)
牲祭的談論
  「親王!在如像這樣的牲祭中,諸牛被殺,或諸山羊、羊被殺,或諸雞豬被殺,或種種的生類來到殺戮,以及諸領受者是邪見者、邪志者、邪語者、邪業者、邪命者、邪精進者、邪念者、邪定者,親王!像這樣的牲祭是無大果的、無大效益的、無大光輝的、無大遍滿的。親王!猶如農夫拿取種子、犁後進入樹林,在那裡,他在殘株、荊棘未除去的惡田、惡地中播種破碎的、腐爛的、被風吹日曬破壞的、非新成熟的、非安全播下的種子,且天不適當地隨給與水流,是否那些種子來到成長、增長、成滿,或農夫得到廣大的果呢?」「迦葉尊師!這確實不是。」「同樣的,親王!在如像這樣的牲祭中,諸牛被殺,或諸山羊、羊被殺,或諸雞豬被殺,或種種的生類來到殺戮,以及諸領受者是邪見者、邪志者、邪語者、邪業者、邪命者、邪精進者、邪念者、邪定者,親王!像這樣的牲祭是無大果的、無大效益的、無大光輝的、無大遍滿的。
  親王!但,在如像這樣的牲祭中,既無諸牛被殺,也無諸山羊、羊被殺,無諸雞豬被殺,無種種的生類來到殺戮,以及諸領受者是正見者、正志者、正語者、正業者、正命者、正精進者、正念者、正定者,親王!像這樣的牲祭有大果的、大效益的、大光輝的、大遍滿的。親王!猶如農夫拿取種子、犁後進入樹林,在那裡,他在殘株、荊棘已除的善田、善地中播種不破碎的、不腐爛的、無風吹日曬破壞的、新成熟的、安全播下的種子,且天經常適當地隨給與水流,是否那些種子來到成長、增長、成滿,或農夫得到廣大的果呢?」「是的,迦葉尊師!」「同樣的,親王!在如像這樣的牲祭中,既無諸牛被殺,也無諸山羊、羊被殺,無諸雞豬被殺,無種種的生類來到殺戮,以及諸領受者是正見者、正志者、正語者、正業者、正命者、正精進者、正念者、正定者,親王!像這樣的牲祭有大果的、大效益的、大光輝的、大遍滿的。」(438)
鬱多羅學生婆羅門之事
  那時,波亞西親王對沙門、婆羅門、貧民、旅人、流浪者、乞丐提供布施。但,在那個布施中,像這樣的食物被施與:屑米飯伴酸粥,以及結球毛粗衣。而在那布施中,名叫鬱多羅學生婆羅門是經營事務者,他施與布施後,這麼隨指定:「以這個布施我只在這個世界與波亞西親王會面,不要在其它的。」波亞西親王聽聞鬱多羅學生婆羅門施與布施後,這麼隨指定:「以這個布施我只在這個世界與波亞西親王會面,不要在其它的。」那時,波亞西親王使[人]召喚鬱多羅學生婆羅門後,說這個:「親愛的鬱多羅!傳說是真的?你施與布施後,這麼隨指定:『以這個布施我只在這個世界與波亞西親王會面,不要在其它的。』嗎?」「是的,先生!」「親愛的鬱多羅!為何你施與布施後,這麼隨指定:『以這個布施我只在這個世界與波亞西親王會面,不要在其它的。』呢?親愛的鬱多羅!我們是希求福德者,都是布施果報的期待者,不是嗎?」「在尊師的布施中,像這樣的食物被施與:屑米飯伴酸粥,那個(凡)尊師也不想要在腳上接觸,怎麼吃。以及結球毛粗衣,那個尊師也不想要在腳上接觸,怎麼裹上。然而,尊師對我們是可愛的、合意的,我們如何使合意的與不合意的結合?」「親愛的鬱多羅!那樣的話,我吃任何食物,請你提供像那樣的食物,以及我裹上任何衣服,請你提供像那樣的衣服。」「是的,先生!」鬱多羅學生婆羅門回答波亞西親王後,波亞西親王吃任何食物,他提供像那樣的食物,以及波亞西親王裹上任何衣服,他提供像那樣的衣服。(439)
  那時,波亞西親王非恭敬地施與布施、非以以親手施與布施、不尊敬後施與布施、施與丟棄的之布施後,以身體的崩解,死後往生四大王天諸天們的共住狀態、空的謝力色葛天宮[Vv.84]。然而,凡在他的布施中為經營事務者,名叫鬱多羅學生婆羅門,他恭敬地施與布施、以以親手施與布施、尊敬後施與布施、非施與丟棄的後,以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態。(440)
波亞西天子
  當時,尊者牛主經常為了白天的住處去空的謝力色葛天宮。那時,波亞西天子去見尊者牛主。抵達後,向尊者牛主問訊後,在一旁站立。尊者牛主對在一旁站立的波亞西天子說這個:「朋友!你是誰?」「大德!我是波亞西親王。」「朋友!你是這樣見者:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』不是嗎?」「大德!我真實地是這樣見者:『像這樣,無其他世間,無化生眾生,無善作的、惡作的業之果與報。』但,我被聖鳩摩羅迦葉使從這個邪惡的惡見遠離。」「朋友!那麼,凡在你的布施中經營事務者,名叫鬱多羅學生婆羅門,他已往生在哪裡?」「大德!凡在我的布施中是經營事務者,名叫鬱多羅學生婆羅門,他恭敬地施與布施、以以親手施與布施、尊敬後施與布施、非施與丟棄的後,以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態。大德!然而,我非恭敬地施與布施、非以以親手施與布施、不尊敬後施與布施、施與丟棄的之布施後,以身體的崩解,死後往生四大王天諸天們的共住狀態、空的謝力色葛天宮。牛主大德!那樣的話,到人的世界後,請你這麼告知:『請你們恭敬地施與布施,請你們以以親手施與布施,請你們尊敬後施與布施,請你們非施與丟棄的。波亞西親王非恭敬地施與布施、非以以親手施與布施、不尊敬後施與布施、施與丟棄的之布施後,以身體的崩解,死後往生四大王天諸天們的共住狀態、空的謝力色葛天宮。然而,凡在他的布施中為經營事務者,名叫鬱多羅學生婆羅門,他恭敬地施與布施、以以親手施與布施、尊敬後施與布施、非施與丟棄的後,以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態。』」
  那時,尊者牛主返回人的世界後這麼告知:「請你們恭敬地施與布施,請你們以以親手施與布施,請你們尊敬後施與布施,請你們非施與丟棄的。波亞西親王非恭敬地施與布施、非以以親手施與布施、不尊敬後施與布施、施與丟棄的之布施後,以身體的崩解,死後往生四大王天諸天們的共住狀態、空的謝力色葛天宮。然而,凡在他的布施中為經營事務者,名叫鬱多羅學生婆羅門,他恭敬地施與布施、以以親手施與布施、尊敬後施與布施、非施與丟棄的後,以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界,三十三天天神們的共住狀態。」(441)
  波亞西經第十終了。
  大品終了,其攝頌
  譬喻大[經]、因緣,涅槃與善見,
  人牛王、總管,集會、帝釋的詢問,
  以及念住大[經],波亞西為第十。
  大品篇終了。
DN.23/(10) Pāyāsisuttaṃ
   406. Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ āyasmā kumārakassapo kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi yena setabyā nāma kosalānaṃ nagaraṃ tadavasari. Tatra sudaṃ āyasmā kumārakassapo setabyāyaṃ viharati uttarena setabyaṃ siṃsapāvane. Tena kho pana samayena pāyāsi rājañño setabyaṃ ajjhāvasati sattussadaṃ satiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ sadhaññaṃ rājabhoggaṃ raññā pasenadinā kosalena dinnaṃ rājadāyaṃ brahmadeyyaṃ.
Pāyāsirājaññavatthu
   407. Tena kho pana samayena pāyāsissa rājaññassa evarūpaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ uppannaṃ hoti– “itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko”ti. Assosuṃ kho setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā– “samaṇo khalu bho kumārakassapo samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi setabyaṃ anuppatto setabyāyaṃ viharati uttarena setabyaṃ siṃsapāvane. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ kumārakassapaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘paṇḍito byatto medhāvī bahussuto cittakathī kalyāṇapaṭibhāno vuddho ceva arahā ca. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī’”ti. Atha kho setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā setabyāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūtā uttarenamukhā gacchanti yena siṃsapāvanaṃ.
   408. Tena kho pana samayena pāyāsi rājañño uparipāsāde divāseyyaṃ upagato hoti. Addasā kho pāyāsi rājañño setabyake brāhmaṇagahapatike setabyāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūte uttarenamukhe gacchante yena siṃsapāvanaṃ, disvā khattaṃ āmantesi “kiṃ nu kho, bho khatte, setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā setabyāya nikkhamitvā saṅghasaṅghī gaṇībhūtā uttarenamukhā gacchanti yena siṃsapāvanan”ti?
   “Atthi kho, bho, samaṇo kumārakassapo, samaṇassa gotamassa sāvako kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ pañcamattehi bhikkhusatehi setabyaṃ anuppatto setabyāyaṃ viharati uttarena setabyaṃ siṃsapāvane. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ kumārakassapaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘paṇḍito byatto medhāvī bahussuto cittakathī kalyāṇapaṭibhāno vuddho ceva arahā cā’ti. Tamete bhavantaṃ kumārakassapaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamantī”ti. “Tena hi, bho khatte, yena setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkama; upasaṅkamitvā setabyake brāhmaṇagahapatike evaṃ vadehi– ‘pāyāsi, bho, rājañño evamāha āgamentu kira bhavanto, pāyāsipi rājañño samaṇaṃ kumārakassapaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī’ti. Purā samaṇo kumārakassapo setabyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bāle abyatte saññāpeti– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’ti. Natthi hi, bho khatte, paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko”ti. “Evaṃ bho”ti kho so khattā pāyāsissa rājaññassa paṭissutvā yena setabyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā setabyake brāhmaṇagahapatike etadavoca– “pāyāsi, bho, rājañño evamāha, āgamentu kira bhavanto, pāyāsipi rājañño samaṇaṃ kumārakassapaṃ dassanāya upasaṅkamissatī”ti.
   409. Atha kho pāyāsi rājañño setabyakehi brāhmaṇagahapatikehi parivuto yena siṃsapāvanaṃ yenāyasmā kumārakassapo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmatā kumārakassapena saddhiṃ sammodi, sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Setabyakāpi kho brāhmaṇagahapatikā appekacce āyasmantaṃ kumārakassapaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu; appekacce āyasmatā kumārakassapena saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce yenāyasmā kumārakassapo tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.
Natthikavādo
   410. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho pāyāsi rājañño āyasmantaṃ kumārakassapaṃ etadavoca– “ahañhi, bho kassapa, evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhī– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Nāhaṃ, rājañña, evaṃvādiṃ evaṃdiṭṭhiṃ addasaṃ vā assosiṃ vā. Kathañhi nāma evaṃ vadeyya– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’ti?
Candimasūriya-upamā
   411. “Tena hi, rājañña, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājañña, ime candimasūriyā imasmiṃ vā loke parasmiṃ vā, devā vā te manussā vā”ti? “Ime, bho kassapa, candimasūriyā parasmiṃ loke, na imasmiṃ; devā te na manussā”ti. “Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko”ti.
   412. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo, yena te pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti? “Atthi bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Yathā kathaṃ viya, rājaññā”ti? “Idha me, bho kassapa, mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavācā pharusavācā samphappalāpī abhijjhālū byāpannacittā micchādiṭṭhī. Te aparena samayena ābādhikā honti dukkhitā bāḷhagilānā. Yadāhaṃ jānāmi– ‘na dānime imamhā ābādhā vuṭṭhahissantī’ti tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi– ‘santi kho, bho, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ye te pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavācā pharusavācā samphappalāpī abhijjhālū byāpannacittā micchādiṭṭhī, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjantī’ti. Bhavanto kho pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavācā pharusavācā samphappalāpī abhijjhālū byāpannacittā micchādiṭṭhī. Sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, bhavanto kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissanti. Sace, bho, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjeyyātha, yena me āgantvā āroceyyātha– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’ti Bhavanto kho pana me saddhāyikā paccayikā, yaṃ bhavantehi diṭṭhaṃ, yathā sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ evametaṃ bhavissatī’ti. Te me ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā neva āgantvā ārocenti, na pana dūtaṃ pahiṇanti. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Cora-upamā
   413. “Tena hi, rājañña, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi. Yathā te khameyya tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājañña, idha te purisā coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā dasseyyuṃ– ‘ayaṃ te, bhante, coro āgucārī; imassa yaṃ icchasi, taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Te tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi– ‘tena hi, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhamitvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa āghātane sīsaṃ chindathā’ti. Te ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā taṃ purisaṃ daḷhāya rajjuyā pacchābāhaṃ gāḷhabandhanaṃ bandhitvā khuramuṇḍaṃ karitvā kharassarena paṇavena rathikāya rathikaṃ siṅghāṭakena siṅghāṭakaṃ parinetvā dakkhiṇena dvārena nikkhamitvā dakkhiṇato nagarassa āghātane nisīdāpeyyuṃ. Labheyya nu kho so coro coraghātesu– ‘āgamentu tāva bhavanto coraghātā, amukasmiṃ me gāme vā nigame vā mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā, yāvāhaṃ tesaṃ uddisitvā āgacchāmī’ti udāhu vippalapantasseva coraghātā sīsaṃ chindeyyun”ti? “Na hi so, bho kassapa, coro labheyya coraghātesu– ‘āgamentu tāva bhavanto coraghātā amukasmiṃ me gāme vā nigame vā mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā, yāvāhaṃ tesaṃ uddisitvā āgacchāmī’ti. Atha kho naṃ vippalapantasseva coraghātā sīsaṃ chindeyyun”ti. “So hi nāma, rājañña, coro manusso manussabhūtesu coraghātesu na labhissati– ‘āgamentu tāva bhavanto coraghātā, amukasmiṃ me gāme vā nigame vā mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā, yāvāhaṃ tesaṃ uddisitvā āgacchāmī’ti. Kiṃ pana te mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā pāṇātipātī adinnādāyī kāmesumicchācārī musāvādī pisuṇavācā pharusavācā samphappalāpī abhijjhālū byāpannacittā micchādiṭṭhī, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapannā labhissanti nirayapālesu– ‘āgamentu tāva bhavanto nirayapālā, yāva mayaṃ pāyāsissa rājaññassa gantvā ārocema– “itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti? Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
   414. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko”ti. “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo yena te pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti? “Atthi, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Yathā kathaṃ viya, rājaññā”ti? “Idha me, bho kassapa, mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratā anabhijjhālū abyāpannacittā sammādiṭṭhī. Te aparena samayena ābādhikā honti dukkhitā bāḷhagilānā. Yadāhaṃ jānāmi– ‘na dānime imamhā ābādhā vuṭṭhahissantī’ti tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi– ‘santi kho, bho, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ye te pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratā anabhijjhālū abyāpannacittā sammādiṭṭhī te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjantīti Bhavanto kho pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratā anabhijjhālū abyāpannacittā sammādiṭṭhī. Sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, bhavanto kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissanti. Sace, bho, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyyātha, yena me āgantvā āroceyyātha– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’ti. Bhavanto kho pana me saddhāyikā paccayikā, yaṃ bhavantehi diṭṭhaṃ, yathā sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ evametaṃ bhavissatī’ti. Te me ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā neva āgantvā ārocenti, na pana dūtaṃ pahiṇanti. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Gūthakūpapurisa-upamā
   415. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Seyyathāpi, rājañña, puriso gūthakūpe sasīsakaṃ nimuggo assa. Atha tvaṃ purise āṇāpeyyāsi– ‘tena hi, bho, taṃ purisaṃ tamhā gūthakūpā uddharathā’ti. Te ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā taṃ purisaṃ tamhā gūthakūpā uddhareyyuṃ. Te tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi– ‘tena hi, bho, tassa purisassa kāyā veḷupesikāhi gūthaṃ sunimmajjitaṃ nimmajjathā’ti. Te ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā tassa purisassa kāyā veḷupesikāhi gūthaṃ sunimmajjitaṃ nimmajjeyyuṃ. Te tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi– ‘tena hi, bho, tassa purisassa kāyaṃ paṇḍumattikāya tikkhattuṃ subbaṭṭitaṃ ubbaṭṭethā’ti. Te tassa purisassa kāyaṃ paṇḍumattikāya tikkhattuṃ subbaṭṭitaṃ ubbaṭṭeyyuṃ. Te tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi– ‘tena hi, bho, taṃ purisaṃ telena abbhañjitvā sukhumena cuṇṇena tikkhattuṃ suppadhotaṃ karothā’ti. Te taṃ purisaṃ telena abbhañjitvā sukhumena cuṇṇena tikkhattuṃ suppadhotaṃ kareyyuṃ. Te tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi– ‘tena hi, bho, tassa purisassa kesamassuṃ kappethā’ti. Te tassa purisassa kesamassuṃ kappeyyuṃ. Te tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi– ‘tena hi, bho, tassa purisassa mahagghañca mālaṃ mahagghañca vilepanaṃ mahagghāni ca vatthāni upaharathā’ti. Te tassa purisassa mahagghañca mālaṃ mahagghañca vilepanaṃ mahagghāni ca vatthāni upahareyyuṃ. Te tvaṃ evaṃ vadeyyāsi – ‘tena hi, bho, taṃ purisaṃ pāsādaṃ āropetvā pañcakāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpethā’ti. Te taṃ purisaṃ pāsādaṃ āropetvā pañcakāmaguṇāni upaṭṭhāpeyyuṃ.
   “Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, rājañña, api nu tassa purisassa sunhātassa suvilittassa sukappitakesamassussa āmukkamālābharaṇassa odātavatthavasanassa uparipāsādavaragatassa pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitassa samaṅgībhūtassa paricārayamānassa punadeva tasmiṃ gūthakūpe nimujjitukāmatā assā”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho kassapa”. “Taṃ kissa hetu”? “Asuci, bho kassapa, gūthakūpo asuci ceva asucisaṅkhāto ca duggandho ca duggandhasaṅkhāto ca jeguccho ca jegucchasaṅkhāto ca paṭikūlo ca paṭikūlasaṅkhāto cā”ti. “Evameva kho, rājañña, manussā devānaṃ asucī ceva asucisaṅkhātā ca, duggandhā ca duggandhasaṅkhātā ca, jegucchā ca jegucchasaṅkhātā ca, paṭikūlā ca paṭikūlasaṅkhātā ca. Yojanasataṃ kho, rājañña, manussagandho deve ubbādhati. Kiṃ pana te mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā pisuṇāya vācāya paṭiviratā pharusāya vācāya paṭiviratā samphappalāpā paṭiviratā anabhijjhālū abyāpannacittā sammādiṭṭhī, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā te āgantvā ārocessanti– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’ti? Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
   416. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo …pe… “atthi, bho kassapa, pariyāyo …pe… yathā kathaṃ viya, rājaññāti? “Idha me, bho kassapa, mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā, te aparena samayena ābādhikā honti dukkhitā bāḷhagilānā. Yadāhaṃ jānāmi– ‘na dānime imamhā ābādhā vuṭṭhahissantī’ti tyāhaṃ upasaṅkamitvā evaṃ vadāmi– ‘santi kho, bho, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ye te pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjanti devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyatanti. Bhavanto kho pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā. Sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, bhavanto kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissanti, devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. Sace, bho, kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjeyyātha devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ, yena me āgantvā āroceyyātha– itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipākoti. Bhavanto kho pana me saddhāyikā paccayikā, yaṃ bhavantehi diṭṭhaṃ, yathā sāmaṃ diṭṭhaṃ evametaṃ bhavissatīti. Te me ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā neva āgantvā ārocenti, na pana dūtaṃ pahiṇanti. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Tāvatiṃsadeva-upamā
   417. “Tena hi, rājañña, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi; yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Yaṃ kho pana, rājañña, mānussakaṃ vassasataṃ, devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ eso eko rattindivo, tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso, tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo, tena saṃvaccharena dibbaṃ vassasahassaṃ devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ye te mittāmaccā ñātisālohitā pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā adinnādānā paṭiviratā kāmesumicchācārā paṭiviratā musāvādā paṭiviratā surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā, te kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapannā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. Sace pana tesaṃ evaṃ bhavissati– ‘yāva mayaṃ dve vā tīṇi vā rattindivā dibbehi pañcahi kāmaguṇehi samappitā samaṅgībhūtā paricārema, atha mayaṃ pāyāsissa rājaññassa gantvā āroceyyāma– “itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko”ti. Api nu te āgantvā āroceyyuṃ ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho kassapa. Api hi mayaṃ, bho kassapa, ciraṃ kālaṅkatāpi bhaveyyāma. Ko panetaṃ bhoto kassapassa āroceti ‘atthi devā tāvatiṃsā’ti vā ‘evaṃdīghāyukā devā tāvatiṃsā’ti vā. Na mayaṃ bhoto kassapassa saddahāma– ‘atthi devā tāvatiṃsā’ti vā ‘evaṃdīghāyukā devā tāvatiṃsā’ti vā”ti.
Jaccandha-upamā
   418. “Seyyathāpi, rājañña, jaccandho puriso na passeyya kaṇha– sukkāni rūpāni na passeyya nīlakāni rūpāni, na passeyya pītakāni rūpāni, na passeyya lohitakāni rūpāni, na passeyya mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, na passeyya samavisamaṃ, na passeyya tārakāni rūpāni, na passeyya candimasūriye. So evaṃ vadeyya– ‘natthi kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, natthi kaṇhasukkānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Natthi nīlakāni rūpāni, natthi nīlakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Natthi pītakāni rūpāni, natthi pītakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Natthi lohitakāni rūpāni, natthi lohitakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Natthi mañjiṭṭhakāni rūpāni, natthi mañjiṭṭhakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Natthi samavisamaṃ, natthi samavisamassa dassāvī. Natthi tārakāni rūpāni, natthi tārakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Natthi candimasūriyā, natthi candimasūriyānaṃ dassāvī. Ahametaṃ na jānāmi, ahametaṃ na passāmi, tasmā taṃ natthī’ti. Sammā nu kho so, rājañña, vadamāno vadeyyā”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho kassapa. Atthi kaṇhasukkāni rūpāni, atthi kaṇhasukkānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Atthi nīlakāni rūpāni, atthi nīlakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī …pe… atthi samavisamaṃ, atthi samavisamassa dassāvī. Atthi tārakāni rūpāni, atthi tārakānaṃ rūpānaṃ dassāvī. Atthi candimasūriyā, atthi candimasūriyānaṃ dassāvī. ‘Ahametaṃ na jānāmi, ahametaṃ na passāmi, tasmā taṃ natthī’ti. Na hi so, bho kassapa, sammā vadamāno vadeyyā”ti. “Evameva kho tvaṃ, rājañña, jaccandhūpamo maññe paṭibhāsi yaṃ maṃ tvaṃ evaṃ vadesi”.
   “Ko panetaṃ bhoto kassapassa āroceti– ‘atthi devā tāvatiṃsā”ti vā, ‘evaṃdīghāyukā devā tāvatiṃsā’ti vā? Na mayaṃ bhoto kassapassa saddahāma– ‘atthi devā tāvatiṃsā’ti vā ‘evaṃdīghāyukā devā tāvatiṃsā’ti vā”ti. “Na kho, rājañña, evaṃ paro loko daṭṭhabbo, yathā tvaṃ maññasi iminā maṃsacakkhunā. Ye kho te rājañña samaṇabrāhmaṇā araññavanapatthāni pantāni senāsanāni paṭisevanti te tattha appamattā ātāpino pahitattā viharantā dibbacakkhuṃ visodhenti. Te dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena imaṃ ceva lokaṃ passanti parañca satte ca opapātike. Evañca kho, rājañña, paro loko daṭṭhabbo; natveva yathā tvaṃ maññasi iminā maṃsacakkhunā. Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
   419. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko”ti “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo …pe… atthi, bho kassapa, pariyāyo …pe… yathā kathaṃ viya, rājaññā”ti? “Idhāhaṃ, bho kassapa, passāmi samaṇabrāhmaṇe sīlavante kalyāṇadhamme jīvitukāme amaritukāme sukhakāme dukkhapaṭikūle. Tassa mayhaṃ, bho kassapa, evaṃ hoti– sace kho ime bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā evaṃ jāneyyuṃ– ‘ito no matānaṃ seyyo bhavissatī’ti. Idānime bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā visaṃ vā khādeyyuṃ, satthaṃ vā āhareyyuṃ, ubbandhitvā vā kālaṅkareyyuṃ, papāte vā papateyyuṃ. Yasmā ca kho ime bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā na evaṃ jānanti– ‘ito no matānaṃ seyyo bhavissatī’ti, tasmā ime bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā jīvitukāmā amaritukāmā sukhakāmā dukkhapaṭikūlā attānaṃ na mārenti. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Gabbhinī-upamā
   420. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, rājañña, aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa dve pajāpatiyo ahesuṃ. Ekissā putto ahosi dasavassuddesiko vā dvādasavassuddesiko vā, ekā gabbhinī upavijaññā. Atha kho so brāhmaṇo kālamakāsi. Atha kho so māṇavako mātusapattiṃ etadavoca– ‘yamidaṃ, bhoti, dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā, sabbaṃ taṃ mayhaṃ natthi tuyhettha kiñci. Pitu me bhoti, dāyajjaṃ niyyādehī’ti. Evaṃ vutte sā brāhmaṇī taṃ māṇavakaṃ etadavoca– ‘āgamehi tāva, tāta, yāva vijāyāmi. Sace kumārako bhavissati, tassapi ekadeso bhavissati; sace kumārikā bhavissati, sāpi te opabhoggā bhavissatī’ti. Dutiyampi kho so māṇavako mātusapattiṃ etadavoca – ‘yamidaṃ, bhoti, dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā, sabbaṃ taṃ mayhaṃ; natthi tuyhettha kiñci. Pitu me, bhoti, dāyajjaṃ niyyādehī’ti. Dutiyampi kho sā brāhmaṇī taṃ māṇavakaṃ etadavoca – ‘āgamehi tāva, tāta, yāva vijāyāmi. Sace kumārako bhavissati, tassapi ekadeso bhavissati; sace kumārikā bhavissati sāpi te opabhoggā bhavissatī’ti. Tatiyampi kho so māṇavako mātusapattiṃ etadavoca– ‘yamidaṃ, bhoti, dhanaṃ vā dhaññaṃ vā rajataṃ vā jātarūpaṃ vā sabbaṃ taṃ mayhaṃ; natthi tuyhettha kiñci. Pitu me, bhoti, dāyajjaṃ niyyādehī’ti.
   “Atha kho sā brāhmaṇī satthaṃ gahetvā ovarakaṃ pavisitvā udaraṃ opādesi – ‘yāva vijāyāmi yadi vā kumārako yadi vā kumārikā’ti. Sā attānaṃ ceva jīvitañca gabbhañca sāpateyyañca vināsesi. Yathā taṃ bālā abyattā anayabyasanaṃ āpannā ayoniso dāyajjaṃ gavesantī, evameva kho tvaṃ, rājañña, bālo abyatto anayabyasanaṃ āpajjissasi ayoniso paralokaṃ gavesanto seyyathāpi sā brāhmaṇī bālā abyattā anayabyasanaṃ āpannā ayoniso dāyajjaṃ gavesantī. Na kho, rājañña, samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā apakkaṃ paripācenti; api ca paripākaṃ āgamenti. Paṇḍitānaṃ attho hi, rājañña, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ sīlavantānaṃ kalyāṇadhammānaṃ jīvitena. Yathā yathā kho, rājañña, samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭhanti, tathā tathā bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavanti, bahujanahitāya ca paṭipajjanti bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussānaṃ. Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
   421. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo …pe… atthi, bho kassapa, pariyāyo …pe… yathā kathaṃ viya, rājaññā”ti? “Idha me, bho kassapa, purisā coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā dassenti– ‘ayaṃ te, bhante, coro āgucārī; imassa yaṃ icchasi, taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi– ‘tena hi, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ jīvantaṃyeva kumbhiyā pakkhipitvā mukhaṃ pidahitvā allena cammena onandhitvā allāya mattikāya bahalāvalepanaṃ karitvā uddhanaṃ āropetvā aggiṃ dethā’ti. Te me ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā taṃ purisaṃ jīvantaṃyeva kumbhiyā pakkhipitvā mukhaṃ pidahitvā allena cammena onandhitvā allāya mattikāya bahalāvalepanaṃ karitvā uddhanaṃ āropetvā aggiṃ denti. Yadā mayaṃ jānāma ‘kālaṅkato so puriso’ti, atha naṃ kumbhiṃ oropetvā ubbhinditvā mukhaṃ vivaritvā saṇikaṃ nillokema – ‘appeva nāmassa jīvaṃ nikkhamantaṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Nevassa mayaṃ jīvaṃ nikkhamantaṃ passāma. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Supinaka-upamā
   422. “Tena hi, rājañña, taññevettha paṭipucchissāmi, yathā te khameyya, tathā naṃ byākareyyāsi. Abhijānāsi no tvaṃ, rājañña, divā seyyaṃ upagato supinakaṃ passitā ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakan”ti? “Abhijānāmahaṃ, bho kassapa, divāseyyaṃ upagato supinakaṃ passitā ārāmarāmaṇeyyakaṃ vanarāmaṇeyyakaṃ bhūmirāmaṇeyyakaṃ pokkharaṇīrāmaṇeyyakan”ti. “Rakkhanti taṃ tamhi samaye khujjāpi vāmanakāpi velāsikāpi komārikāpī”ti? “Evaṃ, bho kassapa, rakkhanti maṃ tamhi samaye khujjāpi vāmanakāpi velāsikāpi komārikāpī”ti. “Api nu tā tuyhaṃ jīvaṃ passanti pavisantaṃ vā nikkhamantaṃ vā”ti? “No hidaṃ, bho kassapa”. “Tā hi nāma, rājañña, tuyhaṃ jīvantassa jīvantiyo jīvaṃ na passissanti pavisantaṃ vā nikkhamantaṃ vā. Kiṃ pana tvaṃ kālaṅkatassa jīvaṃ passissasi pavisantaṃ vā nikkhamantaṃ vā. Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– “itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
   423. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo …pe… “atthi, bho kassapa, pariyāyo …pe… yathā kathaṃ viya rājaññā”ti? “Idha me, bho kassapa, purisā coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā dassenti– ‘ayaṃ te, bhante, coro āgucārī; imassa yaṃ icchasi, taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi– ‘tena hi, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ jīvantaṃyeva tulāya tuletvā jiyāya anassāsakaṃ māretvā punadeva tulāya tulethā’ti. Te me ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā taṃ purisaṃ jīvantaṃyeva tulāya tuletvā jiyāya anassāsakaṃ māretvā punadeva tulāya tulenti. Yadā so jīvati, tadā lahutaro ca hoti mudutaro ca kammaññataro ca. Yadā pana so kālaṅkato hoti tadā garutaro ca hoti patthinnataro ca akammaññataro ca. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Santatta-ayoguḷa-upamā
   424. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Seyyathāpi, rājañña, puriso divasaṃ santattaṃ ayoguḷaṃ ādittaṃ sampajjalitaṃ sajotibhūtaṃ tulāya tuleyya. Tamenaṃ aparena samayena sītaṃ nibbutaṃ tulāya tuleyya. Kadā nu kho so ayoguḷo lahutaro vā hoti mudutaro vā kammaññataro vā, yadā vā āditto sampajjalito sajotibhūto, yadā vā sīto nibbuto”ti? “Yadā so, bho kassapa, ayoguḷo tejosahagato ca hoti vāyosahagato ca āditto sampajjalito sajotibhūto, tadā lahutaro ca hoti mudutaro ca kammaññataro ca. Yadā pana so ayoguḷo neva tejosahagato hoti na vāyosahagato sīto nibbuto, tadā garutaro ca hoti patthinnataro ca akammaññataro cā”ti. “Evameva kho, rājañña, yadāyaṃ kāyo āyusahagato ca hoti usmāsahagato ca viññāṇasahagato ca, tadā lahutaro ca hoti mudutaro ca kammaññataro ca. Yadā panāyaṃ kāyo neva āyusahagato hoti na usmāsahagato na viññāṇasahagato tadā garutaro ca hoti patthinnataro ca akammaññataro ca. Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
   425. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo …pe… atthi, bho kassapa, pariyāyo …pe… yathā kathaṃ viya rājaññā”ti? “Idha me, bho kassapa, purisā coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā dassenti– ‘ayaṃ te, bhante, coro āgucārī; imassa yaṃ icchasi taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi– ‘tena hi, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ anupahacca chaviñca cammañca maṃsañca nhāruñca aṭṭhiñca aṭṭhimiñjañca jīvitā voropetha, appeva nāmassa jīvaṃ nikkhamantaṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Te me ‘sādhū’ti paṭissutvā taṃ purisaṃ anupahacca chaviñca …pe… jīvitā voropenti. Yadā so āmato hoti, tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi– ‘tena hi, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ uttānaṃ nipātetha, appeva nāmassa jīvaṃ nikkhamantaṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Te taṃ purisaṃ uttānaṃ nipātenti. Nevassa mayaṃ jīvaṃ nikkhamantaṃ passāma. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi– ‘tena hi, bho, imaṃ purisaṃ avakujjaṃ nipātetha… passena nipātetha… dutiyena passena nipātetha… uddhaṃ ṭhapetha… omuddhakaṃ ṭhapetha… pāṇinā ākoṭetha… leḍḍunā ākoṭetha… daṇḍena ākoṭetha… satthena ākoṭetha… odhunātha sandhunātha niddhunātha, appeva nāmassa jīvaṃ nikkhamantaṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Te taṃ purisaṃ odhunanti sandhunanti niddhunanti. Nevassa mayaṃ jīvaṃ nikkhamantaṃ passāma. Tassa tadeva cakkhu hoti te rūpā, tañcāyatanaṃ nappaṭisaṃvedeti. Tadeva sotaṃ hoti te saddā, tañcāyatanaṃ nappaṭisaṃvedeti. Tadeva ghānaṃ hoti te gandhā, tañcāyatanaṃ nappaṭisaṃvedeti Sāva jivhā hoti te rasā, tañcāyatanaṃ nappaṭisaṃvedeti. Sveva kāyo hoti te phoṭṭhabbā, tañcāyatanaṃ nappaṭisaṃvedeti. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Saṅkhadhama-upamā
   426. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, rājañña, aññataro saṅkhadhamo saṅkhaṃ ādāya paccantimaṃ janapadaṃ agamāsi. So yena aññataro gāmo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā majjhe gāmassa ṭhito tikkhattuṃ saṅkhaṃ upalāpetvā saṅkhaṃ bhūmiyaṃ nikkhipitvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Atha kho, rājañña, tesaṃ paccantajanapadānaṃ manussānaṃ etadahosi ‘ambho kassa nu kho eso saddo evaṃrajanīyo evaṃkamanīyo evaṃmadanīyo evaṃbandhanīyo evaṃmucchanīyo’ti. Sannipatitvā taṃ saṅkhadhamaṃ etadavocuṃ– ‘ambho, kassa nu kho eso saddo evaṃrajanīyo evaṃkamanīyo evaṃmadanīyo evaṃbandhanīyo evaṃmucchanīyo’ti. ‘Eso kho, bho, saṅkho nāma yasseso saddo evaṃrajanīyo evaṃkamanīyo evaṃmadanīyo evaṃbandhanīyo evaṃmucchanīyo’ti. Te taṃ saṅkhaṃ uttānaṃ nipātesuṃ– ‘vadehi, bho saṅkha, vadehi, bho saṅkhā’ti. Neva so saṅkho saddamakāsi. Te taṃ saṅkhaṃ avakujjaṃ nipātesuṃ, passena nipātesuṃ, dutiyena passena nipātesuṃ, uddhaṃ ṭhapesuṃ, omuddhakaṃ ṭhapesuṃ, pāṇinā ākoṭesuṃ, leḍḍunā ākoṭesuṃ, daṇḍena ākoṭesuṃ, satthena ākoṭesuṃ, odhuniṃsu sandhuniṃsu niddhuniṃsu– ‘vadehi, bho saṅkha, vadehi, bho saṅkhā’ti. Neva so saṅkho saddamakāsi.
   “Atha kho, rājañña, tassa saṅkhadhamassa etadahosi– ‘yāva bālā ime paccantajanapadāmanussā, kathañhi nāma ayoniso saṅkhasaddaṃ gavesissantī’ti. Tesaṃ pekkhamānānaṃ saṅkhaṃ gahetvā tikkhattuṃ saṅkhaṃ upalāpetvā saṅkhaṃ ādāya pakkāmi. Atha kho, rājañña, tesaṃ paccantajanapadānaṃ manussānaṃ etadahosi– ‘yadā kira, bho, ayaṃ saṅkho nāma purisasahagato ca hoti vāyāmasahagato ca vāyusahagato ca, tadāyaṃ saṅkho saddaṃ karoti, yadā panāyaṃ saṅkho neva purisasahagato hoti na vāyāmasahagato na vāyusahagato, nāyaṃ saṅkho saddaṃ karotī’ti Evameva kho, rājañña, yadāyaṃ kāyo āyusahagato ca hoti usmāsahagato ca viññāṇasahagato ca, tadā abhikkamatipi paṭikkamatipi tiṭṭhatipi nisīdatipi seyyampi kappeti, cakkhunāpi rūpaṃ passati, sotenapi saddaṃ suṇāti, ghānenapi gandhaṃ ghāyati, jivhāyapi rasaṃ sāyati, kāyenapi phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusati, manasāpi dhammaṃ vijānāti. Yadā panāyaṃ kāyo neva āyusahagato hoti, na usmāsahagato, na viññāṇasahagato, tadā neva abhikkamati na paṭikkamati na tiṭṭhati na nisīdati na seyyaṃ kappeti, cakkhunāpi rūpaṃ na passati, sotenapi saddaṃ na suṇāti, ghānenapi gandhaṃ na ghāyati, jivhāyapi rasaṃ na sāyati, kāyenapi phoṭṭhabbaṃ na phusati, manasāpi dhammaṃ na vijānāti. Imināpi kho te, rājañña, pariyāyena evaṃ hotu– ‘itipi atthi paro loko, atthi sattā opapātikā, atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’ti.
   427. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho evaṃ me ettha hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti. “Atthi pana, rājañña, pariyāyo …pe… atthi, bho kassapa, pariyāyo …pe… yathā kathaṃ viya rājaññā”ti? “Idha me, bho kassapa, purisā coraṃ āgucāriṃ gahetvā dassenti– ‘ayaṃ te, bhante, coro āgucārī, imassa yaṃ icchasi, taṃ daṇḍaṃ paṇehī’ti. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi– ‘tena hi, bho, imassa purisassa chaviṃ chindatha appeva nāmassa jīvaṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Te tassa purisassa chaviṃ chindanti. Nevassa mayaṃ jīvaṃ passāma. Tyāhaṃ evaṃ vadāmi– ‘tena hi, bho, imassa purisassa cammaṃ chindatha, maṃsaṃ chindatha, nhāruṃ chindatha, aṭṭhiṃ chindatha, aṭṭhimiñjaṃ chindatha, appeva nāmassa jīvaṃ passeyyāmā’ti. Te tassa purisassa aṭṭhimiñjaṃ chindanti, nevassa mayaṃ jīvaṃ passeyyāma. Ayampi kho, bho kassapa, pariyāyo, yena me pariyāyena evaṃ hoti– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti.
Aggikajaṭila-upamā
   428. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, rājañña, aññataro aggiko jaṭilo araññāyatane paṇṇakuṭiyā sammati. Atha kho, rājañña, aññataro janapade sattho vuṭṭhāsi. Atha kho so sattho tassa aggikassa jaṭilassa assamassa sāmantā ekarattiṃ vasitvā pakkāmi. Atha kho, rājañña, tassa aggikassa jaṭilassa etadahosi ‘yaṃnūnāhaṃ yena so satthavāso tenupasaṅkameyyaṃ, appeva nāmettha kiñci upakaraṇaṃ adhigaccheyyan’ti. Atha kho so aggiko jaṭilo kālasseva vuṭṭhāya yena so satthavāso tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā addasa tasmiṃ satthavāse daharaṃ kumāraṃ mandaṃ uttānaseyyakaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ. Disvānassa etadahosi– ‘na kho me taṃ patirūpaṃ yaṃ me pekkhamānassa manussabhūto kālaṅkareyya; yaṃnūnāhaṃ imaṃ dārakaṃ assamaṃ netvā āpādeyyaṃ poseyyaṃ vaḍḍheyyan’ti. Atha kho so aggiko jaṭilo taṃ dārakaṃ assamaṃ netvā āpādesi posesi vaḍḍhesi. Yadā so dārako dasavassuddesiko vā hoti dvādasavassuddesiko vā, atha kho tassa aggikassa jaṭilassa janapade kañcideva karaṇīyaṃ uppajji. Atha kho so aggiko jaṭilo taṃ dārakaṃ etadavoca– ‘icchāmahaṃ, tāta, janapadaṃ gantuṃ; aggiṃ, tāta, paricareyyāsi. Mā ca te aggi nibbāyi. Sace ca te aggi nibbāyeyya, ayaṃ vāsī imāni kaṭṭhāni idaṃ araṇisahitaṃ, aggiṃ nibbattetvā aggiṃ paricareyyāsī’ti. Atha kho so aggiko jaṭilo taṃ dārakaṃ evaṃ anusāsitvā janapadaṃ agamāsi. Tassa khiḍḍāpasutassa aggi nibbāyi.
   “Atha kho tassa dārakassa etadahosi– ‘pitā kho maṃ evaṃ avaca– “aggiṃ, tāta, paricareyyāsi. Mā ca te aggi nibbāyi. Sace ca te aggi nibbāyeyya, ayaṃ vāsī imāni kaṭṭhāni idaṃ araṇisahitaṃ, aggiṃ nibbattetvā aggiṃ paricareyyāsī”ti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ aggiṃ nibbattetvā aggiṃ paricareyyan’ti. Atha kho so dārako araṇisahitaṃ vāsiyā tacchi– ‘appeva nāma aggiṃ adhigaccheyyan’ti. Neva so aggiṃ adhigacchi. Araṇisahitaṃ dvidhā phālesi, tidhā phālesi, catudhā phālesi, pañcadhā phālesi, dasadhā phālesi, satadhā phālesi, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ akāsi, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ karitvā udukkhale koṭṭesi, udukkhale koṭṭetvā mahāvāte opuni – ‘appeva nāma aggiṃ adhigaccheyyan’ti. Neva so aggiṃ adhigacchi.
   “Atha kho so aggiko jaṭilo janapade taṃ karaṇīyaṃ tīretvā yena sako assamo tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṃ dārakaṃ etadavoca – ‘kacci te, tāta, aggi na nibbuto’ti? ‘Idha me, tāta, khiḍḍāpasutassa aggi nibbāyi. Tassa me etadahosi– “pitā kho maṃ evaṃ avaca aggiṃ, tāta, paricareyyāsi. Mā ca te, tāta, aggi nibbāyi. Sace ca te aggi nibbāyeyya, ayaṃ vāsī imāni kaṭṭhāni idaṃ araṇisahitaṃ, aggiṃ nibbattetvā aggiṃ paricareyyāsīti. Yaṃnūnāhaṃ aggiṃ nibbattetvā aggiṃ paricareyyan”ti. Atha khvāhaṃ, tāta, araṇisahitaṃ vāsiyā tacchiṃ– “appeva nāma aggiṃ adhigaccheyyan”ti. Nevāhaṃ aggiṃ adhigacchiṃ. Araṇisahitaṃ dvidhā phālesiṃ, tidhā phālesiṃ, catudhā phālesiṃ, pañcadhā phālesiṃ, dasadhā phālesiṃ satadhā phālesiṃ, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ akāsiṃ, sakalikaṃ sakalikaṃ karitvā udukkhale koṭṭesiṃ, udukkhale koṭṭetvā mahāvāte opuniṃ– “appeva nāma aggiṃ adhigaccheyyan”ti. Nevāhaṃ aggiṃ adhigacchin’”ti. Atha kho tassa aggikassa jaṭilassa etadahosi – ‘yāva bālo ayaṃ dārako abyatto, kathañhi nāma ayoniso aggiṃ gavesissatī’ti. Tassa pekkhamānassa araṇisahitaṃ gahetvā aggiṃ nibbattetvā taṃ dārakaṃ etadavoca ‘evaṃ kho, tāta, aggi nibbattetabbo. Na tveva yathā tvaṃ bālo abyatto ayoniso aggiṃ gavesī’ti. Evameva kho tvaṃ, rājañña, bālo abyatto ayoniso paralokaṃ gavesissasi. Paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ, paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ, mā te ahosi dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā”ti.
   429. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho nevāhaṃ sakkomi idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjituṃ. Rājāpi maṃ pasenadi kosalo jānāti tirorājānopi– ‘pāyāsi rājañño evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhī– “itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko”ti. Sacāhaṃ, bho kassapa, idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjissāmi, bhavissanti me vattāro– ‘yāva bālo pāyāsi rājañño abyatto duggahitagāhī’ti. Kopenapi naṃ harissāmi, makkhenapi naṃ harissāmi, palāsenapi naṃ harissāmī”ti.
Dve satthavāha-upamā
   430. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, rājañña, mahāsakaṭasattho sakaṭasahassaṃ puratthimā janapadā pacchimaṃ janapadaṃ agamāsi. So yena yena gacchi, khippaṃyeva pariyādiyati tiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ haritakapaṇṇaṃ. Tasmiṃ kho pana satthe dve satthavāhā ahesuṃ eko pañcannaṃ sakaṭasatānaṃ, eko pañcannaṃ sakaṭasatānaṃ. Atha kho tesaṃ satthavāhānaṃ etadahosi– ‘ayaṃ kho mahāsakaṭasattho sakaṭasahassaṃ; te mayaṃ yena yena gacchāma, khippameva pariyādiyati tiṇakaṭṭhodakaṃ haritakapaṇṇaṃ. Yaṃnūna mayaṃ imaṃ satthaṃ dvidhā vibhajeyyāma– ekato pañca sakaṭasatāni ekato pañca sakaṭasatānī’ti. Te taṃ satthaṃ dvidhā vibhajiṃsu ekato pañca sakaṭasatāni, ekato pañca sakaṭasatāni. Eko satthavāho bahuṃ tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca udakañca āropetvā satthaṃ payāpesi. Dvīhatīhapayāto kho pana so sattho addasa purisaṃ kāḷaṃ lohitakkhaṃ sannaddhakalāpaṃ kumudamāliṃ allavatthaṃ allakesaṃ kaddamamakkhitehi cakkehi bhadrena rathena paṭipathaṃ āgacchantaṃ’, disvā etadavoca– ‘kuto, bho, āgacchasī’ti? ‘Amukamhā janapadā’ti. ‘Kuhiṃ gamissasī’ti? ‘Amukaṃ nāma janapadan’ti. ‘Kacci, bho, purato kantāre mahāmegho abhippavuṭṭho’ti? ‘Evaṃ, bho, purato kantāre mahāmegho abhippavuṭṭho, āsittodakāni vaṭumāni, bahu tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca udakañca. Chaḍḍetha, bho, purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, lahubhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha, mā yoggāni kilamitthā’ti.
   “Atha kho so satthavāho satthike āmantesi– ‘ayaṃ, bho, puriso evamāha– “purato kantāre mahāmegho abhippavuṭṭho, āsittodakāni vaṭumāni, bahu tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca udakañca. Chaḍḍetha, bho, purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, lahubhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha, mā yoggāni kilamitthā”ti. Chaḍḍetha, bho, purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, lahubhārehi sakaṭehi satthaṃ payāpethā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bho’ti kho te satthikā tassa satthavāhassa paṭissutvā chaḍḍetvā purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni lahubhārehi sakaṭehi satthaṃ payāpesuṃ. Te paṭhamepi satthavāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā. Dutiyepi satthavāse… tatiyepi satthavāse… catutthepi satthavāse… pañcamepi satthavāse… chaṭṭhepi satthavāse… sattamepi satthavāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā. Sabbeva anayabyasanaṃ āpajjiṃsu. Ye ca tasmiṃ satthe ahesuṃ manussā vā pasū vā, sabbe so yakkho amanusso bhakkhesi. Aṭṭhikāneva sesāni.
   “Yadā aññāsi dutiyo satthavāho– ‘bahunikkhanto kho, bho, dāni so sattho’ti bahuṃ tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca udakañca āropetvā satthaṃ payāpesi. Dvīhatīhapayāto kho pana so sattho addasa purisaṃ kāḷaṃ lohitakkhaṃ sannaddhakalāpaṃ kumudamāliṃ allavatthaṃ allakesaṃ kaddamamakkhitehi cakkehi bhadrena rathena paṭipathaṃ āgacchantaṃ, disvā etadavoca– ‘kuto, bho, āgacchasī’ti? ‘Amukamhā janapadā’ti. ‘Kuhiṃ gamissasī’ti? ‘Amukaṃ nāma janapadan’ti. ‘Kacci, bho, purato kantāre mahāmegho abhippavuṭṭho’ti? ‘Evaṃ, bho, purato kantāre mahāmegho abhippavuṭṭho. Āsittodakāni vaṭumāni, bahu tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca udakañca. Chaḍḍetha bho, purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, lahubhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha, mā yoggāni kilamitthā’ti.
   “Atha kho so satthavāho satthike āmantesi– ‘ayaṃ, bho, “puriso evamāha– purato kantāre mahāmegho abhippavuṭṭho, āsittodakāni vaṭumāni, bahu tiṇañca kaṭṭhañca udakañca. Chaḍḍetha, bho, purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, lahubhārehi sakaṭehi sīghaṃ sīghaṃ gacchatha; mā yoggāni kilamitthā”ti. Ayaṃ bho puriso neva amhākaṃ mitto, na ñātisālohito, kathaṃ mayaṃ imassa saddhāya gamissāma. Na vo chaḍḍetabbāni purāṇāni tiṇāni kaṭṭhāni udakāni, yathābhatena bhaṇḍena satthaṃ payāpetha. Na no purāṇaṃ chaḍḍessāmā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bho’ti kho te satthikā tassa satthavāhassa paṭissutvā yathābhatena bhaṇḍena satthaṃ payāpesuṃ. Te paṭhamepi satthavāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā. Dutiyepi satthavāse… tatiyepi satthavāse… catutthepi satthavāse… pañcamepi satthavāse… chaṭṭhepi satthavāse… sattamepi satthavāse na addasaṃsu tiṇaṃ vā kaṭṭhaṃ vā udakaṃ vā. Tañca satthaṃ addasaṃsu anayabyasanaṃ āpannaṃ. Ye ca tasmiṃ satthepi ahesuṃ manussā vā pasū vā, tesañca aṭṭhikāneva addasaṃsu tena yakkhena amanussena bhakkhitānaṃ.
   “Atha kho so satthavāho satthike āmantesi– ‘ayaṃ kho, bho, sattho anayabyasanaṃ āpanno, yathā taṃ tena bālena satthavāhena pariṇāyakena. Tena hi, bho, yānamhākaṃ satthe appasārāni paṇiyāni, tāni chaḍḍetvā, yāni imasmiṃ satthe mahāsārāni paṇiyāni, tāni ādiyathā’ti. ‘Evaṃ, bho’ti kho te satthikā tassa satthavāhassa paṭissutvā yāni sakasmiṃ satthe appasārāni paṇiyāni, tāni chaḍḍetvā yāni tasmiṃ satthe mahāsārāni paṇiyāni, tāni ādiyitvā sotthinā taṃ kantāraṃ nitthariṃsu, yathā taṃ paṇḍitena satthavāhena pariṇāyakena. Evameva kho tvaṃ, rājañña, bālo abyatto anayabyasanaṃ āpajjissasi ayoniso paralokaṃ gavesanto seyyathāpi so purimo satthavāho. Yepi tava sotabbaṃ saddhātabbaṃ maññissanti, tepi anayabyasanaṃ āpajjissanti, seyyathāpi te satthikā. Paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ; paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Mā te ahosi dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā”ti.
   431. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho nevāhaṃ sakkomi idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjituṃ. Rājāpi maṃ pasenadi kosalo jānāti tirorājānopi– ‘pāyāsi rājañño evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhī– “itipi natthi paro loko …pe… vipāko’”ti. Sacāhaṃ, bho kassapa, idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjissāmi, bhavissanti me vattāro– ‘yāva bālo pāyāsi rājañño, abyatto duggahitagāhī’ti. Kopenapi naṃ harissāmi, makkhenapi naṃ harissāmi, palāsenapi naṃ harissāmī”ti.
Gūthabhārika-upamā
   432. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi. Upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, rājañña, aññataro sūkaraposako puriso sakamhā gāmā aññaṃ gāmaṃ agamāsi. Tattha addasa pahūtaṃ sukkhagūthaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ. Disvānassa etadahosi– ‘ayaṃ kho pahuto sukkhagūtho chaḍḍito, mama ca sūkarabhattaṃ; yaṃnūnāhaṃ ito sukkhagūthaṃ hareyyan’ti. So uttarāsaṅgaṃ pattharitvā pahūtaṃ sukkhagūthaṃ ākiritvā bhaṇḍikaṃ bandhitvā sīse ubbāhetvā agamāsi. Tassa antarāmagge mahā-akālamegho pāvassi. So uggharantaṃ paggharantaṃ yāva agganakhā gūthena makkhito gūthabhāraṃ ādāya agamāsi. Tamenaṃ manussā disvā evamāhaṃsu– ‘kacci no tvaṃ, bhaṇe, ummatto, kacci viceto, kathañhi nāma uggharantaṃ paggharantaṃ yāva agganakhā gūthena makkhito gūthabhāraṃ harissasī’ti. ‘Tumhe khvettha, bhaṇe, ummattā, tumhe vicetā, tathā hi pana me sūkarabhattan’ti. Evameva kho tvaṃ, rājañña, gūthabhārikūpamo maññe paṭibhāsi. Paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Mā te ahosi dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā”ti.
   433. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho nevāhaṃ sakkomi idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjituṃ. Rājāpi maṃ pasenadi kosalo jānāti tirorājānopi– ‘pāyāsi rājañño evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhī– “itipi natthi paro loko …pe… vipāko”ti. Sacāhaṃ, bho kassapa, idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjissāmi, bhavissanti me vattāro– ‘yāva bālo pāyāsi rājañño abyatto duggahitagāhī’ti. Kopenapi naṃ harissāmi, makkhenapi naṃ harissāmi, palāsenapi naṃ harissāmī”ti.
Akkhadhuttaka-upamā
   434. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi, upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, rājañña, dve akkhadhuttā akkhehi dibbiṃsu. Eko akkhadhutto āgatāgataṃ kaliṃ gilati. Addasā kho dutiyo akkhadhutto taṃ akkhadhuttaṃ āgatāgataṃ kaliṃ gilantaṃ, disvā taṃ akkhadhuttaṃ etadavoca– ‘tvaṃ kho, samma, ekantikena jināsi, dehi me, samma, akkhe pajohissāmī’ti. ‘Evaṃ sammā’ti kho so akkhadhutto tassa akkhadhuttassa akkhe pādāsi. Atha kho so akkhadhutto akkhe visena paribhāvetvā taṃ akkhadhuttaṃ etadavoca– ‘ehi kho, samma, akkhehi dibbissāmā’ti. ‘Evaṃ sammā’ti kho so akkhadhutto tassa akkhadhuttassa paccassosi. Dutiyampi kho te akkhadhuttā akkhehi dibbiṃsu. Dutiyampi kho so akkhadhutto āgatāgataṃ kaliṃ gilati. Addasā kho dutiyo akkhadhutto taṃ akkhadhuttaṃ dutiyampi āgatāgataṃ kaliṃ gilantaṃ, disvā taṃ akkhadhuttaṃ etadavoca–
   “Littaṃ paramena tejasā, gilamakkhaṃ puriso na bujjhati.
   Gila re gila pāpadhuttaka, pacchā te kaṭukaṃ bhavissatīti.
   “Evameva kho tvaṃ, rājañña, akkhadhuttakūpamo maññe paṭibhāsi. Paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ; paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Mā te ahosi dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā”ti.
   435. “Kiñcāpi bhavaṃ kassapo evamāha, atha kho nevāhaṃ sakkomi idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjituṃ. Rājāpi maṃ pasenadi kosalo jānāti tirorājānopi– ‘pāyāsi rājañño evaṃvādī evaṃdiṭṭhī– “itipi natthi paro loko …pe… vipāko”ti. Sacāhaṃ, bho kassapa, idaṃ pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ paṭinissajjissāmi, bhavissanti me vattāro– ‘yāva bālo pāyāsi rājañño abyatto duggahitagāhī’ti. Kopenapi naṃ harissāmi, makkhenapi naṃ harissāmi, palāsenapi naṃ harissāmī”ti.
Sāṇabhārika-upamā
   436. “Tena hi, rājañña, upamaṃ te karissāmi, upamāya midhekacce viññū purisā bhāsitassa atthaṃ ājānanti. Bhūtapubbaṃ, rājañña, aññataro janapado vuṭṭhāsi. Atha kho sahāyako sahāyakaṃ āmantesi– ‘āyāma, samma, yena so janapado tenupasaṅkamissāma, appeva nāmettha kiñci dhanaṃ adhigaccheyyāmā’ti. ‘Evaṃ sammā’ti kho sahāyako sahāyakassa paccassosi. Te yena so janapado, yena aññataraṃ gāmapaṭṭaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu tattha addasaṃsu pahūtaṃ sāṇaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā sahāyako sahāyakaṃ āmantesi– ‘idaṃ kho, samma, pahūtaṃ sāṇaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, tena hi, samma, tvañca sāṇabhāraṃ bandha, ahañca sāṇabhāraṃ bandhissāmi, ubho sāṇabhāraṃ ādāya gamissāmā’ti. ‘Evaṃ sammā’ti kho sahāyako sahāyakassa paṭissutvā sāṇabhāraṃ bandhitvā te ubho sāṇabhāraṃ ādāya yena aññataraṃ gāmapaṭṭaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Tattha addasaṃsu pahūtaṃ sāṇasuttaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā sahāyako sahāyakaṃ āmantesi– ‘yassa kho, samma, atthāya iccheyyāma sāṇaṃ, idaṃ pahūtaṃ sāṇasuttaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ. Tena hi, samma, tvañca sāṇabhāraṃ chaḍḍehi, ahañca sāṇabhāraṃ chaḍḍessāmi, ubho sāṇasuttabhāraṃ ādāya gamissāmā’ti. ‘Ayaṃ kho me, samma, sāṇabhāro dūrābhato ca susannaddho ca, alaṃ me tvaṃ pajānāhī’ti. Atha kho so sahāyako sāṇabhāraṃ chaḍḍetvā sāṇasuttabhāraṃ ādiyi.
   “Te yena aññataraṃ gāmapaṭṭaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Tattha addasaṃsu pahūtā sāṇiyo chaḍḍitā, disvā sahāyako sahāyakaṃ āmantesi– ‘yassa kho samma, atthāya iccheyyāma sāṇaṃ vā sāṇasuttaṃ vā, imā pahūtā sāṇiyo chaḍḍitā. Tena hi, samma, tvañca sāṇabhāraṃ chaḍḍehi, ahañca sāṇasuttabhāraṃ chaḍḍessāmi, ubho sāṇibhāraṃ ādāya gamissāmā’ti ‘Ayaṃ kho me, samma, sāṇabhāro dūrābhato ca susannaddho ca, alaṃ me, tvaṃ pajānāhī’ti. Atha kho so sahāyako sāṇasuttabhāraṃ chaḍḍetvā sāṇibhāraṃ ādiyi.
   “Te yena aññataraṃ gāmapaṭṭaṃ tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Tattha addasaṃsu pahūtaṃ khomaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā …pe… pahūtaṃ khomasuttaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ khomadussaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ kappāsaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ kappāsikasuttaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ kappāsikadussaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ ayaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ lohaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ tipuṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ sīsaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ sajjhaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā… pahūtaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ, disvā sahāyako sahāyakaṃ āmantesi– ‘yassa kho, samma, atthāya iccheyyāma sāṇaṃ vā sāṇasuttaṃ vā sāṇiyo vā khomaṃ vā khomasuttaṃ vā khomadussaṃ vā kappāsaṃ vā kappāsikasuttaṃ vā kappāsikadussaṃ vā ayaṃ vā lohaṃ vā tipuṃ vā sīsaṃ vā sajjhaṃ vā, idaṃ pahūtaṃ suvaṇṇaṃ chaḍḍitaṃ. Tena hi, samma, tvañca sāṇabhāraṃ chaḍḍehi, ahañca sajjhabhāraṃ chaḍḍessāmi, ubho suvaṇṇabhāraṃ ādāya gamissāmā’ti. ‘Ayaṃ kho me, samma, sāṇabhāro dūrābhato ca susannaddho ca, alaṃ me tvaṃ pajānāhī’ti. Atha kho so sahāyako sajjhabhāraṃ chaḍḍetvā suvaṇṇabhāraṃ ādiyi.
   “Te yena sako gāmo tenupasaṅkamiṃsu. Tattha yo so sahāyako sāṇabhāraṃ ādāya agamāsi, tassa neva mātāpitaro abhinandiṃsu, na puttadārā abhinandiṃsu, na mittāmaccā abhinandiṃsu, na ca tatonidānaṃ sukhaṃ somanassaṃ adhigacchi. Yo pana so sahāyako suvaṇṇabhāraṃ ādāya agamāsi, tassa mātāpitaropi abhinandiṃsu, puttadārāpi abhinandiṃsu, mittāmaccāpi abhinandiṃsu, tatonidānañca sukhaṃ somanassaṃ adhigacchi. “Evameva kho tvaṃ, rājañña, sāṇabhārikūpamo maññe paṭibhāsi. Paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ; paṭinissajjetaṃ, rājañña, pāpakaṃ diṭṭhigataṃ. Mā te ahosi dīgharattaṃ ahitāya dukkhāyā”ti.
Saraṇagamanaṃ
   437. “Purimeneva ahaṃ opammena bhoto kassapassa attamano abhiraddho. Api cāhaṃ imāni vicitrāni pañhāpaṭibhānāni sotukāmo evāhaṃ bhavantaṃ kassapaṃ paccanīkaṃ kātabbaṃ amaññissaṃ. Abhikkantaṃ, bho kassapa, abhikkantaṃ, bho kassapa. Seyyathāpi, bho kassapa, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti evamevaṃ bhotā kassapena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Esāhaṃ, bho kassapa, taṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāmi, dhammañca, bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsakaṃ maṃ bhavaṃ kassapo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gataṃ.
   “Icchāmi cāhaṃ, bho kassapa, mahāyaññaṃ yajituṃ, anusāsatu maṃ bhavaṃ kassapo, yaṃ mamassa dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāyā”ti.
Yaññakathā
   438. “Yathārūpe kho, rājañña, yaññe gāvo vā haññanti ajeḷakā vā haññanti, kukkuṭasūkarā vā haññanti, vividhā vā pāṇā saṃghātaṃ āpajjanti, paṭiggāhakā ca honti micchādiṭṭhī micchāsaṅkappā micchāvācā micchākammantā micchā-ājīvā micchāvāyāmā micchāsatī micchāsamādhī, evarūpo kho, rājañña, yañño na mahapphalo hoti na mahānisaṃso na mahājutiko na mahāvipphāro. Seyyathāpi, rājañña, kassako bījanaṅgalaṃ ādāya vanaṃ paviseyya. So tattha dukkhette dubbhūme avihatakhāṇukaṇṭake bījāni patiṭṭhāpeyya khaṇḍāni pūtīni vātātapahatāni asāradāni asukhasayitāni. Devo ca na kālena kālaṃ sammādhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Api nu tāni bījāni vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyyuṃ, kassako vā vipulaṃ phalaṃ adhigaccheyyā”ti? “No hidaṃ bho kassapa”. “Evameva kho, rājañña, yathārūpe yaññe gāvo vā haññanti, ajeḷakā vā haññanti, kukkuṭasūkarā vā haññanti, vividhā vā pāṇā saṃghātaṃ āpajjanti, paṭiggāhakā ca honti micchādiṭṭhī micchāsaṅkappā micchāvācā micchākammantā micchā-ājīvā micchāvāyāmā micchāsatī micchāsamādhī, evarūpo kho rājañña, yañño na mahapphalo hoti na mahānisaṃso na mahājutiko na mahāvipphāro.
   “Yathārūpe ca kho, rājañña, yaññe neva gāvo haññanti, na ajeḷakā haññanti, na kukkuṭasūkarā haññanti, na vividhā vā pāṇā saṃghātaṃ āpajjanti, paṭiggāhakā ca honti sammādiṭṭhī sammāsaṅkappā sammāvācā sammākammantā sammā-ājīvā sammāvāyāmā sammāsatī sammāsamādhī, evarūpo kho, rājañña, yañño mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro. Seyyathāpi, rājañña, kassako bījanaṅgalaṃ ādāya vanaṃ paviseyya. So tattha sukhette subhūme suvihatakhāṇukaṇṭake bījāni patiṭṭhapeyya akhaṇḍāni apūtīni avātātapahatāni sāradāni sukhasayitāni. Devo ca kālena kālaṃ sammādhāraṃ anuppaveccheyya. Api nu tāni bījāni vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjeyyuṃ, kassako vā vipulaṃ phalaṃ adhigaccheyyā”ti? “Evaṃ, bho kassapa”. “Evameva kho, rājañña, yathārūpe yaññe neva gāvo haññanti, na ajeḷakā haññanti, na kukkuṭasūkarā haññanti, na vividhā vā pāṇā saṃghātaṃ āpajjanti, paṭiggāhakā ca honti sammādiṭṭhī sammāsaṅkappā sammāvācā sammākammantā sammā-ājīvā sammāvāyāmā sammāsatī sammāsamādhī, evarūpo kho, rājañña, yañño mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro”ti.
Uttaramāṇavavatthu
   439. Atha kho pāyāsi rājañño dānaṃ paṭṭhapesi samaṇabrāhmaṇakapaṇaddhikavaṇibbakayācakānaṃ Tasmiṃ kho pana dāne evarūpaṃ bhojanaṃ dīyati kaṇājakaṃ bilaṅgadutiyaṃ, dhorakāni ca vatthāni guḷavālakāni. Tasmiṃ kho pana dāne uttaro nāma māṇavo vāvaṭo ahosi. So dānaṃ datvā evaṃ anuddisati– “imināhaṃ dānena pāyāsiṃ rājaññameva imasmiṃ loke samāgacchiṃ, mā parasmin”ti. Assosi kho pāyāsi rājañño– “uttaro kira māṇavo dānaṃ datvā evaṃ anuddisati– ‘imināhaṃ dānena pāyāsiṃ rājaññameva imasmiṃ loke samāgacchiṃ, mā parasmin’”ti. Atha kho pāyāsi rājañño uttaraṃ māṇavaṃ āmantāpetvā etadavoca– “saccaṃ kira tvaṃ, tāta uttara, dānaṃ datvā evaṃ anuddisasi– ‘imināhaṃ dānena pāyāsiṃ rājaññameva imasmiṃ loke samāgacchiṃ, mā parasmin’”ti? “Evaṃ, bho”. “Kissa pana tvaṃ, tāta uttara, dānaṃ datvā evaṃ anuddisasi– ‘imināhaṃ dānena pāyāsiṃ rājaññameva imasmiṃ loke samāgacchiṃ, mā parasmin’ti? Nanu mayaṃ, tāta uttara, puññatthikā dānasseva phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhino”ti? “Bhoto kho dāne evarūpaṃ bhojanaṃ dīyati kaṇājakaṃ bilaṅgadutiyaṃ, yaṃ bhavaṃ pādāpi na iccheyya samphusituṃ, kuto bhuñjituṃ, dhorakāni ca vatthāni guḷavālakāni, yāni bhavaṃ pādāpi na iccheyya samphusituṃ, kuto paridahituṃ. Bhavaṃ kho panamhākaṃ piyo manāpo, kathaṃ mayaṃ manāpaṃ amanāpena saṃyojemā”ti? “Tena hi tvaṃ, tāta uttara, yādisāhaṃ bhojanaṃ bhuñjāmi, tādisaṃ bhojanaṃ paṭṭhapehi. Yādisāni cāhaṃ vatthāni paridahāmi, tādisāni ca vatthāni paṭṭhapehī”ti. “Evaṃ, bho”ti kho uttaro māṇavo pāyāsissa rājaññassa paṭissutvā yādisaṃ bhojanaṃ pāyāsi rājañño bhuñjati, tādisaṃ bhojanaṃ paṭṭhapesi. Yādisāni ca vatthāni pāyāsi rājañño paridahati, tādisāni ca vatthāni paṭṭhapesi.
   440. Atha kho pāyāsi rājañño asakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā asahatthā dānaṃ datvā acittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā apaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajji suññaṃ serīsakaṃ vimānaṃ. Yo pana tassa dāne vāvaṭo ahosi uttaro nāma māṇavo. So sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā sahatthā dānaṃ datvā cittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā anapaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajji devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ.
Pāyāsidevaputto
   441. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā gavampati abhikkhaṇaṃ suññaṃ serīsakaṃ vimānaṃ divāvihāraṃ gacchati. Atha kho pāyāsi devaputto yenāyasmā gavampati tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ gavampatiṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitaṃ kho pāyāsiṃ devaputtaṃ āyasmā gavampati etadavoca– “kosi tvaṃ, āvuso”ti? “Ahaṃ, bhante, pāyāsi rājañño”ti. “Nanu tvaṃ, āvuso, evaṃdiṭṭhiko ahosi– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’”ti? “Saccāhaṃ, bhante, evaṃdiṭṭhiko ahosiṃ– ‘itipi natthi paro loko, natthi sattā opapātikā, natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko’ti. Api cāhaṃ ayyena kumārakassapena etasmā pāpakā diṭṭhigatā vivecito”ti. “Yo pana te, āvuso, dāne vāvaṭo ahosi uttaro nāma māṇavo, so kuhiṃ upapanno”ti? “Yo me, bhante, dāne vāvaṭo ahosi uttaro nāma māṇavo, so sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā sahatthā dānaṃ datvā cittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā anapaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyataṃ. Ahaṃ pana, bhante, asakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā asahatthā dānaṃ datvā acittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā apaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapanno suññaṃ serīsakaṃ vimānaṃ. Tena hi, bhante gavampati, manussalokaṃ gantvā evamārocehi– ‘sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ detha, sahatthā dānaṃ detha, cittīkataṃ dānaṃ detha, anapaviddhaṃ dānaṃ detha. Pāyāsi rājañño asakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā asahatthā dānaṃ datvā acittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā apaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapanno suññaṃ serīsakaṃ vimānaṃ. Yo pana tassa dāne vāvaṭo ahosi uttaro nāma māṇavo, so sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā sahatthā dānaṃ datvā cittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā anapaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyatan’”ti.
   Atha kho āyasmā gavampati manussalokaṃ āgantvā evamārocesi– “sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ detha, sahatthā dānaṃ detha, cittīkataṃ dānaṃ detha, anapaviddhaṃ dānaṃ detha. Pāyāsi rājañño asakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā asahatthā dānaṃ datvā acittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā apaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapanno suññaṃ serīsakaṃ vimānaṃ. Yo pana tassa dāne vāvaṭo ahosi uttaro nāma māṇavo, so sakkaccaṃ dānaṃ datvā sahatthā dānaṃ datvā cittīkataṃ dānaṃ datvā anapaviddhaṃ dānaṃ datvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapanno devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ sahabyatan”ti.
   Pāyāsisuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.
   Mahāvaggo niṭṭhito.
   Tassuddānaṃ–
   Mahāpadāna nidānaṃ, nibbānañca sudassanaṃ;
   Janavasabha govindaṃ, samayaṃ sakkapañhakaṃ.
   Mahāsatipaṭṭhānañca, pāyāsi dasamaṃ bhave.
   Mahāvaggapāḷi niṭṭhitā.
漢巴經文比對(莊春江作):
  「鳩摩羅迦葉(MA.71),童女迦葉(DA.7)」,南傳作「鳩摩羅迦葉」(kumārakassapo),「鳩摩羅」(kumāra,意譯為「童子(男童); 少年」,有時也指「王子」),AA.39.9作「童真迦葉」(童真出家的迦葉),《破斥猶豫》等說,他童年時就出家(Kumārakāle pabbajitattā),佛陀說:「你們叫迦葉來…。」「哪位迦葉?」「鳩摩羅迦葉(男童迦葉)。」從此以後到年老時都被稱為「鳩摩羅迦葉」…。[嬰兒時]憍薩羅波斯匿王領養他(Taṃ gahetvā rājā pasenadi kosalo posāpesi),取名迦葉,後來引導到大師面前出家[成為比丘]後,像這樣被以國王兒子的狀態(rañño posāvanikaputtattāpi, MN.23/DN.23)養育而予鳩摩羅迦葉(王子迦葉)之名(《小部/本生經12.榕樹鹿本生註》說他母親的本生也有相同內容,《小部/法句經160偈註》亦同)。《小部/譬喻54品5經》說,因為大迦葉,我是鳩摩羅迦葉(Mahākassapamāgamma, ahaṃ kumārakassapo),聽聞佛陀解說等同蟻塚堆(Vammikasadisaṃ kāyaṃ)而證阿羅漢(如MN.23/SA.1079/AA.39.9)。
  「眾生(MA.71);精神/神/識神(DA.7)」,南傳作「命」(jīvaṃ,另譯為「生命;靈魂」),Maurice Walshe先生英譯為「靈魂」(soul)。
  「恚取(MA.71)」,南傳作「我將會因憤怒攜帶它」(Kopenapi naṃ harissāmi),Maurice Walshe先生英譯為「我會出於憤怒堅持這個觀點」(I will stick to this view out of anger)。
  「經營處分(DA.7)」,南傳作「經營事務者」(vāvaṭo, byāvaṭo),Maurice Walshe先生英譯為「負責分配」(in charge of distribution)。
  「她也是你的妻子」(sāpi te opabhoggā bhavissatīti),Maurice Walshe先生英譯為「她將成為你的僕人」(she will become your servant)。按:《破斥猶豫》以「妻子(腳邊侍奉者)」(pādaparicārikā)解說,今準此譯。另外,暹羅版opabhoggā作upabhoggā(受用;快樂)。