經號： 　　
　　 (AN.11.17 更新)
增支部11集17經/牧牛者經(莊春江譯)
　　「比丘們！具備十一支的牧牛者不能夠照顧牛群，使增大，哪十一個？比丘們！這裡，牧牛者不是知色者、不是特相善巧者、不是蠅卵去除者、不是傷口包紮者、不是煙治療者、不知道淺灘(渡場)、不知道喝飲的、不知道路徑、不是牧場善巧者、且是無殘留擠牛乳者、凡那些公牛、牛父、牛指導者對牠們不是以特別尊敬的尊敬者，比丘們！具備這十一支的牧牛者不能夠照顧牛群，使增大。
　　同樣的，比丘們！具備十一法的比丘不能夠在這法、律中來到成長、增長、成滿，哪十一個？比丘們！這裡，比丘不是知色者、不是特相善巧者、不是蠅卵去除者、不是傷口包紮者、不是煙治療者、不知道淺灘、不知道喝飲的、不知道路徑、不是牧場善巧者、且是無殘留擠牛乳者、凡那些有經驗的、長久出家的上座比丘、僧團父、僧團指導者對他們不是以特別尊敬的尊敬者，比丘們！具備這十一法的比丘不能夠在這法、律中來到成長、增長、成滿。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不是知色者？比丘們！這裡，比丘不如實知道：『凡任何色是四大及四大之所造色。』比丘們！這樣，比丘不是知色者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不是特相善巧者？比丘們！這裡，比丘不如實知道：『愚者有行為的特相，賢智者有行為的特相。』比丘們！這樣，比丘不是特相善巧者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不是蠅卵去除者？比丘們！這裡，比丘容忍生起的欲尋：不捨斷、不驅離、不作終結、不使之走到不存在；生起的惡意尋……生起的加害尋……容忍生起的諸惡不善法：不捨斷、不驅離、不作終結、不使之走到不存在，比丘們！這樣，比丘不是蠅卵去除者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不是傷口包紮者？比丘們！這裡，比丘以眼見色後，成為相的執取者、細相的執取者，因那個理由，貪婪、憂諸惡不善法會流入那位住於眼根不防護者，他不走向為了那個的自制，不守護眼根，不在眼根上來到自制；以耳聽聲音後……以鼻聞氣味後……以舌嚐味道後……以身觸所觸後……以意識知法後，成為相的執取者、細相的執取者，因那個理由，貪婪、憂諸惡不善法會流入那位住於意根不防護者，他不走上為了那個的自制之路，不守護意根，不在意根上來到自制，比丘們！這樣，比丘不是傷口包紮者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不是煙治療者？比丘們！這裡，比丘不是如所聞的、如所學得的以詳細對他人教導法者，比丘們！這樣，比丘不是煙治療者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不知道淺灘？比丘們！這裡，凡那些多聞者、通曉阿含者、持法者、持律者、持本母者的比丘，比丘經常去見他們後，不遍詢問、不遍提問：『大德！這是為什麼？這個道理是什麼？』那些尊者們沒為他揭開未揭開的，同時也沒闡明未闡明的，也沒在各種會懷疑處的諸法上除去疑惑，比丘們！這樣，比丘不知道淺灘。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不知道喝飲的？比丘們！這裡，當如來宣說的法律被教導時，比丘不得義的信受、不得法的信受、不得伴隨法的欣悅，比丘們！這樣，比丘不知道喝飲的。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不知道路徑？比丘們！這裡，比丘不如實知道八支聖道，比丘們！這樣，比丘不知道路徑的。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘不是牧場善巧者？比丘們！這裡，比丘不如實知道四念住，比丘們！這樣，比丘不是牧場善巧者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是無殘留擠牛乳者？比丘們！這裡，有信的屋主提供衣服、施食、臥坐處、病人需物、醫藥必需品後使比丘滿足，在那裡，比丘在領受上不知適量，比丘們！這樣，比丘是無殘留擠牛乳者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣凡那些有經驗的、長久出家的上座比丘、僧團父、僧團指導者比丘對他們不是以特別尊敬的尊敬者？比丘們！這裡，凡那些應該被尊敬供養的有經驗且已長久出家之上座比丘、僧團父、僧團領導者，比丘在他們上公開地連同私下地不使慈身業現起，慈語業……不使慈意業現起，比丘們！這樣，比丘凡那些有經驗的、長久出家的上座比丘、僧團父、僧團指導者對他們不是以特別尊敬的尊敬者。比丘們！具備這十一法的比丘不能夠在這法、律中來到成長、增長、成滿。
　　比丘們！具備十一支的牧牛者能夠照顧牛群，使增大，哪十一個？比丘們！這裡，牧牛者是知色者、是特相善巧者、是蠅卵去除者、是傷口包紮者、是煙治療者、知道淺灘、知道喝飲的、知道路徑、是牧場善巧者、且是有殘留擠牛乳者、凡那些公牛、牛父、牛指導者對牠們是以特別尊敬的尊敬者，比丘們！具備這十一支的牧牛者能夠照顧牛群，使增大。
　　同樣的，比丘們！具備十一法的比丘能夠在這法、律中來到成長、增長、成滿，哪十一個？比丘們！這裡，比丘是知色者、是特相善巧者、是蠅卵去除者、是傷口包紮者、是煙治療者、知道淺灘、知道喝飲的、知道路徑、是牧場善巧者、且是有殘留擠牛乳者、凡那些有經驗的、長久出家的上座比丘、僧團父、僧團指導者對他們是以特別尊敬的尊敬者，比丘們！具備這十一法的比丘能夠在這法、律中來到成長、增長、成滿。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是知色者？比丘們！這裡，比丘如實知道：『凡任何色是四大及四大之所造色。』比丘們！這樣，比丘是知色者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是特相善巧者？比丘們！這裡，比丘如實知道：『愚者有行為的特相，賢智者有行為的特相。』比丘們！這樣，比丘是特相善巧者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是蠅卵去除者？比丘們！這裡，比丘不容忍生起的欲尋：捨斷、驅離、作終結、使之走到不存在；生起的惡意尋……生起的加害尋……不容忍生起的諸惡不善法：捨斷、驅離、作終結、使之走到不存在，比丘們！這樣，比丘是蠅卵去除者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是傷口包紮者？比丘們！這裡，比丘以眼見色後，不成為相的執取者、細相的執取者，因那個理由，貪婪、憂諸惡不善法會流入那位住於眼根不自制者。他走向為了那個的自制，守護眼根，在眼根上來到自制；以耳聽聲音後……以鼻聞氣味後……以舌嚐味道後……以身觸所觸後……以意識知法後，不成為相的執取者、細相的執取者，因那個理由，貪婪、憂諸惡不善法會流入那位住於意根不自制者。他走向為了那個的自制，保護意根，在意根上來到自制，比丘們！這樣，比丘是傷口包紮者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是煙治療者？比丘們！這裡，比丘是如所聞的、如所學得的以詳細對他人教導法者，比丘們！這樣，比丘是煙治療者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘知道淺灘？比丘們！這裡，比丘經常到那些多聞者、通曉阿含者、持法者、持律者、持本母者的比丘那裡後，詢問、遍問：『大德！這是為什麼？這個道理是什麼？』那些尊者們對他就揭開未揭開的，也闡明未闡明的，在種種能被疑惑住立的法上也排除疑惑，比丘們！這樣，比丘知淺灘渡場。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘知道喝飲的？比丘們！這裡，當如來宣說的法律被教導時，比丘得義的信受、得法的信受、得伴隨法的欣悅，比丘們！這樣，比丘知道喝飲的。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘知道路徑？比丘們！這裡，比丘如實知道八支聖道，比丘們！這樣，比丘知道路徑。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是牧場善巧者？比丘們！這裡，比丘如實知道四念住，比丘們！這樣，比丘是牧場善巧者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣比丘是有殘留擠牛乳者？比丘們！這裡，有信的屋主提供衣服、施食、臥坐處、病人需物、醫藥必需品後使比丘滿足，在那裡，比丘在領受上知適量，比丘們！這樣，比丘是有殘留擠牛乳者。
　　比丘們！而怎樣凡那些有經驗的、長久出家的上座比丘、僧團父、僧團指導者比丘在他們上是以特別尊敬的尊敬者？比丘們！這裡，凡那些應該被尊敬供養的有經驗且已長久出家之上座比丘、僧團父、僧團領導者，比丘在他們上公開地連同私下地使慈身業現起，慈語業……使慈意業現起，比丘們！這樣，凡那些有經驗的、長久出家的上座比丘、僧團父、僧團指導者比丘在他們上是以特別尊敬的尊敬者。比丘們！具備這十一法的比丘能夠在這法、律中來到成長、增長、成滿。」[MA.33]
AN.11.17/ 7. Gopālasuttaṃ
　　 17. “Ekādasahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave, gopālako na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, na titthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthiṃ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti, anavasesadohī ca hoti, ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti. Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako abhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ.
　　 “Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti, na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, na titthaṃ jānāti, na pītaṃ jānāti, na vīthiṃ jānāti, na gocarakusalo hoti, anavasesadohī ca hoti, ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpan’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na rūpaññū hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍito’ti yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṃ gameti, uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme adhivāseti nappajahati na vinodeti na byantīkaroti na anabhāvaṃ gameti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjati; na rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ nāpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya nimittaggāhī hoti anubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya na paṭipajjati; na rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ nāpajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ desetā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā na paripucchati na paripañhati– ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva na vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca na uttānīkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ na paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na titthaṃ jānāti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne na labhati atthavedaṃ, na labhati dhammavedaṃ na labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na pītaṃ jānāti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na vīthiṃ jānāti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti? Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṃ nappajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na gocarakusalo hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilāna-paccayabhesajjaparikkhārehi. Tatra bhikkhu mattaṃ na jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anavasesadohī hoti.
　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te na atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, tesu na mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca, na mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ… na mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, na te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
　　 “Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu abhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ.
　　 “Ekādasahi, bhikkhave, aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha, bhikkhave, gopālako rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, titthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthiṃ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti, ye te usabhā gopitaro gopariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti– imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi aṅgehi samannāgato gopālako bhabbo gogaṇaṃ pariharituṃ phātiṃ kātuṃ.
　　 “Evamevaṃ kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjituṃ. Katamehi ekādasahi? Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti, lakkhaṇakusalo hoti, āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti, vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti, dhūmaṃ kattā hoti, titthaṃ jānāti, pītaṃ jānāti, vīthiṃ jānāti, gocarakusalo hoti, sāvasesadohī ca hoti, ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yaṃ kiñci rūpaṃ ‘cattāri mahābhūtāni, catunnañca mahābhūtānaṃ upādāyarūpan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu rūpaññū hoti.
　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘kammalakkhaṇo bālo, kammalakkhaṇo paṇḍito’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu lakkhaṇakusalo hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu uppannaṃ kāmavitakkaṃ nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti, uppannaṃ byāpādavitakkaṃ… uppannaṃ vihiṃsāvitakkaṃ… uppannuppanne pāpake akusale dhamme nādhivāseti pajahati vinodeti byantīkaroti anabhāvaṃ gameti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu āsāṭikaṃ hāretā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ cakkhundriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati cakkhundriyaṃ, cakkhundriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya na nimittaggāhī hoti nānubyañjanaggāhī; yatvādhikaraṇamenaṃ manindriyaṃ asaṃvutaṃ viharantaṃ abhijjhādomanassā pāpakā akusalā dhammā anvāssaveyyuṃ, tassa saṃvarāya paṭipajjati; rakkhati manindriyaṃ, manindriye saṃvaraṃ āpajjati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vaṇaṃ paṭicchādetā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṃ kattā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu yathāsutaṃ yathāpariyattaṃ dhammaṃ vitthārena paresaṃ desetā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu dhūmaṃ kattā hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā, te kālena kālaṃ upasaṅkamitvā paripucchati paripañhati– ‘idaṃ, bhante, kathaṃ, imassa ko attho’ti? Tassa te āyasmanto avivaṭañceva vivaranti, anuttānīkatañca uttānīkaronti, anekavihitesu ca kaṅkhāṭhāniyesu dhammesu kaṅkhaṃ paṭivinodenti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu titthaṃ jānāti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu tathāgatappavedite dhammavinaye desiyamāne labhati atthavedaṃ, labhati dhammavedaṃ, labhati dhammūpasaṃhitaṃ pāmojjaṃ. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pītaṃ jānāti.
　　 “Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṃ jānāti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ariyaṃ aṭṭhaṅgikaṃ maggaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu vīthiṃ jānāti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cattāro satipaṭṭhāne yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu gocarakusalo hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuṃ saddhā gahapatikā abhihaṭṭhuṃ pavārenti cīvarapiṇḍapātasenāsanagilānapaccaya-bhesajjaparikkhārehi. Tatra bhikkhu mattaṃ jānāti paṭiggahaṇāya. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sāvasesadohī hoti.
　　 “Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, tesu mettaṃ kāyakammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca, mettaṃ vacīkammaṃ… mettaṃ manokammaṃ paccupaṭṭhāpeti āvi ceva raho ca. Evaṃ kho bhikkhave, bhikkhu ye te bhikkhū therā rattaññū cirapabbajitā saṅghapitaro saṅghapariṇāyakā, te atirekapūjāya pūjetā hoti.
　　 “Imehi kho, bhikkhave, ekādasahi dhammehi samannāgato bhikkhu bhabbo imasmiṃ dhammavinaye vuddhiṃ virūḷhiṃ vepullaṃ āpajjitun”ti. Sattamaṃ.
漢巴經文比對(莊春江作)：
　　「不知相(SA.1249)；不解其相(AA.49.1)」，南傳作「不是特相善巧者」(na lakkhaṇakusalo hoti)，菩提比丘長老英譯為「不熟練於特性」(is unskilled in characteristics)。
　　「不能起煙(SA.1249)；不隨時放煙(AA.49.1)」，南傳作「不是煙治療者」(na dhūmaṃ kattā hoti)，菩提比丘長老英譯為「他怠忽煙燻清理棚子」(he fails to smoke out the sheds)。
　　「事業是{過}[愚?]相(SA.1249)；行愚(AA.49.1)」，南傳作「愚者有行為的特相」(kammalakkhaṇo bālo，另譯為「愚者有業特相；愚者有業相」)，菩提比丘長老英譯為「愚者以他的行為具有特徵」(A fool is characterized by his actions)。按：MN.129, AN.3.3說明了三種愚者之相。