增支部10集20經/聖者住所經第二(莊春江譯)[AA.46.2]
有一次,
世尊住在俱盧國,名叫葛馬沙達馬的俱盧國城鎮。在那裡,世尊召喚
比丘們:……(中略)。
「比丘們!有這十個聖者們過去居住、現在居住、未來居住之聖者住所,哪十個?比丘們!這裡,比丘是
五支捨斷者、六支具備者,有一個守護、四個倚靠,是
各自真理除去者、尋求完全消散放捨者、無混濁意向者、
身行已寧靜者、心
善解脫者、慧善解脫者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是五支捨斷者?比丘們!這裡,比丘的
欲的意欲已被捨斷,惡意已被捨斷,惛沈睡眠已被捨斷,掉舉後悔已被捨斷,疑惑已被捨斷,比丘們!這樣,比丘是五支捨斷者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是六支具備者?比丘們!這裡,比丘以眼見色後,是既非快樂的也非不快樂的,住於
平靜的、具念的、正知的;以耳聽聲音後……以鼻聞氣味後……以舌嚐味道後……以身觸
所觸後……以意識知法後,是既非快樂的也非不快樂的,住於平靜的、具念的、正知的,比丘們!這樣,比丘是六支具備者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘有一個守護?比丘們!這裡,比丘具備念守護心,比丘們!這樣,比丘有一個守護。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘有四個倚靠?比丘們!這裡,比丘考量後受用一事,
考量後忍受一事,考量後避開一事,考量後除去一事,比丘們!這樣,比丘有四個倚靠。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是各自真理除去者?比丘們!這裡,比丘的凡那些個個沙門婆羅門的個個各自真理,即:『世界是常恆的』或『
世界是非常恆的』或『
世界是有邊的』或『世界是無邊的』或『命即是身體』或『
命是一身體是另一』或『死後如來存在』或『死後如來不存在』或『
死後如來存在且不存在』或『死後如來既非存在也非不存在』,那些全部被破除、被除去、被捨、被吐、被釋放、被捨斷、被
斷念,比丘們!這樣,比丘是各自真理除去者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是尋求完全消散放捨者?比丘們!這裡,比丘的欲的尋求被捨斷、有的尋求被捨斷、
梵行的尋求被安息,比丘們!這樣,比丘是尋求完全消散放捨者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是無混濁意向者?比丘們!這裡,比丘的欲的意向被捨斷、惡意的意向被捨斷、加害的意向被捨斷,比丘們!這樣,比丘是無混濁意向者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是
身行已寧靜者?比丘們!這裡,比丘從樂的捨斷與從苦的捨斷,就在之前諸喜悅、憂的滅沒,
進入後住於不苦不樂,
平靜、念遍純淨的第四禪,比丘們!這樣,比丘是身行已寧靜者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是心善解脫者?比丘們!這裡,比丘的貪心被解脫、瞋心被解脫、癡心被解脫,比丘們!這樣,比丘是心善解脫者。
比丘們!而怎樣比丘是慧善解脫者?比丘們!這裡,比丘知道:『我的貪已被捨斷,根已被切斷,
[如]已斷根的棕櫚樹,
成為非有,
為未來不生之物。』知道:『我的瞋已被捨斷……(中略)』知道:『我的癡已被捨斷,根已被切斷,[如]已斷根的棕櫚樹,成為非有,為未來不生之物。』比丘們!這樣,比丘是慧善解脫者。[DN.33, 348段, DN.34, 360段]
比丘們!凡過去世任何聖者們居住在聖者住所,他們全部居都住在這十個聖者住所;凡未來世任何聖者們居住在聖者住所,他們全部都居住在這十個聖者住所;凡現在任何聖者們居住在聖者住所,他們全部都居住在這十個聖者住所。比丘們!這是十個聖者住所,凡聖者們曾居住,或居住,或將居住。」
庇護者品第二,其
攝頌:
「住處與五支,以結、荒蕪,
不放逸、應該被奉獻者,二則保護、二則聖者住所。」
AN.10.20/
10. Dutiya-ariyāvāsasuttaṃ
20. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kurūsu viharati kammāsadhammaṃ nāma kurūnaṃ nigamo. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi …pe….
“Dasayime, bhikkhave, ariyāvāsā, ye ariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā. Katame dasa? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti, chaḷaṅgasamannāgato ekārakkho, caturāpasseno, paṇunnapaccekasacco, samavayasaṭṭhesano, anāvilasaṅkappo, passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro, suvimuttacitto, suvimuttapañño.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāmacchando pahīno hoti, byāpādo pahīno hoti, thinamiddhaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, uddhaccakukkuccaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, vicikicchā pahīnā hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu pañcaṅgavippahīno hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu cakkhunā rūpaṃ disvā neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Sotena saddaṃ sutvā… ghānena gandhaṃ ghāyitvā… jivhāya rasaṃ sāyitvā… kāyena phoṭṭhabbaṃ phusitvā… manasā dhammaṃ viññāya neva sumano hoti na dummano, upekkhako viharati sato sampajāno. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu chaḷaṅgasamannāgato hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu satārakkhena cetasā samannāgato hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu ekārakkho hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu saṅkhāyekaṃ paṭisevati, saṅkhāyekaṃ adhivāseti, saṅkhāyekaṃ parivajjeti, saṅkhāyekaṃ vinodeti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu caturāpasseno hoti.
“Kathañca bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno yāni tāni puthusamaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ puthupaccekasaccāni, seyyathidaṃ– ‘sassato loko’ti vā, ‘asassato loko’ti vā, ‘antavā loko’ti vā, ‘anantavā loko’ti vā, ‘taṃ jīvaṃ taṃ sarīran’ti vā, ‘aññaṃ jīvaṃ aññaṃ sarīran’ti vā, ‘hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘hoti ca na ca hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, ‘neva hoti na na hoti tathāgato paraṃ maraṇā’ti vā, sabbāni tāni nunnāni honti paṇunnāni cattāni vantāni muttāni pahīnāni paṭinissaṭṭhāni. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu paṇunnapaccekasacco hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāmesanā pahīnā hoti, bhavesanā pahīnā hoti, brahmacariyesanā paṭippassaddhā. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu samavayasaṭṭhesano hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno kāmasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, byāpādasaṅkappo pahīno hoti, vihiṃsāsaṅkappo pahīno hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu anāvilasaṅkappo hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu passaddhakāyasaṅkhāro hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno rāgā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, dosā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti, mohā cittaṃ vimuttaṃ hoti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttacitto hoti.
“Kathañca, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti? Idha bhikkhave, bhikkhu ‘rāgo me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti, doso me pahīno …pe… ‘moho me pahīno ucchinnamūlo tālāvatthukato anabhāvaṃkato āyatiṃ anuppādadhammo’ti pajānāti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhu suvimuttapañño hoti.
“Ye hi keci, bhikkhave, atītamaddhānaṃ ariyā ariyāvāse āvasiṃsu, sabbe te imeva dasa ariyāvāse āvasiṃsu; ye hi keci, bhikkhave, anāgatamaddhānaṃ ariyā ariyāvāse āvasissanti, sabbe te imeva dasa ariyāvāse āvasissanti; ye hi keci, bhikkhave etarahi ariyā ariyāvāse āvasanti, sabbe te imeva dasa ariyāvāse āvasanti. Ime kho, bhikkhave, dasa ariyāvāsā, ye ariyā āvasiṃsu vā āvasanti vā āvasissanti vā”ti. Dasamaṃ.
Nāthavaggo dutiyo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Senāsanañca pañcaṅgaṃ, saṃyojanākhilena ca;
Appamādo āhuneyyo, dve nāthā dve ariyāvāsāti.