經號:   
   (AN.4.186 更新)
增支部4集186經/想法經(莊春江譯)[MA.172]
  那時,某位比丘去見世尊。抵達後,向世尊問訊後,在一旁坐下。在一旁坐下的那位比丘對世尊說這個:「大德!世間被什麼引導呢?以什麼世間拖來拖去?而當什麼生起時,走到控制?」
  「比丘!好!比丘!你的想法是善的、辯才是善的、詢問是好的,比丘!因為你這麼問:『大德!世間被什麼引導呢?以什麼世間拖來拖去?當什麼生起時,走到控制?』」「是的,大德!」「比丘!世間被心引導,以心世間拖來拖去,當心生起時,走到控制。」
  「好!大德!」那位比丘歡喜、隨喜世尊的所說後,更進一步詢問世尊問題:「大德!被稱為『多聞持法者、多聞持法者』,大德!什麼情形是多聞持法者呢?」「比丘!好!好!比丘!你的想法是善的、辯才是善的、詢問是好的,比丘!因為你這麼問:『大德!被稱為「多聞持法者、多聞持法者」,大德!什麼情形是多聞持法者呢?』」「是的,大德!」「比丘!許多的法被我教導:修多羅、祇夜、記說、伽陀、優陀那、如是語、本生、未曾有法、毘富羅,比丘!即使了知四句偈頌的義理後,了知法後,成為法、隨法行者,『多聞持法者』是適當的言語。」
  「好!大德!」那位比丘歡喜、隨喜世尊的所說後,更進一步詢問世尊問題:「大德!被稱為『聽聞後洞察慧者、聽聞後洞察慧者』,大德!什麼情形是聽聞後洞察慧者呢?」「比丘!好!好!比丘!你的想法是善的、辯才是善的、詢問是好的,比丘!因為你這麼問:『大德!被稱為「聽聞後洞察慧者、聽聞後洞察慧者」,大德!什麼情形是聽聞後洞察慧者呢?』」「是的,大德!」「比丘!這裡,對比丘,『這是苦。』被聽聞,且以慧貫通後看見它的道理,『這是苦。』被聽聞,且以慧貫通後看見它的道理,『這是苦。』被聽聞,且以慧貫通後看見它的道理,『這是導向苦滅道跡。』被聽聞,且以慧貫通後看見它的道理,比丘!這樣是聽聞後洞察慧者。」
  「好!大德!」那位比丘歡喜、隨喜世尊的所說後,更進一步詢問世尊問題:「大德!被稱為『賢智的大慧者、賢智的大慧者』,大德!什麼情形是賢智的大慧者呢?」「比丘!好!好!比丘!你的想法是善的、辯才是善的、詢問是好的,比丘!因為你這麼問:『大德!被稱為「賢智的大慧者、賢智的大慧者」,大德!什麼情形是賢智的大慧者呢?』」「是的,大德!」「比丘!這裡,賢智的大慧者既不意圖對自己的傷害,也不意圖對他者的傷害,也不意圖對兩者的傷害,當思惟時,只思惟自己的利益、他者的利益、兩者的利益、一切全世間的利益,比丘!這樣是賢智的大慧者。」
AN.4.186/ 6. Ummaggasuttaṃ
   186. Atha kho aññataro bhikkhu yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho so bhikkhu bhagavantaṃ etadavoca– “kena nu kho, bhante, loko nīyati, kena loko parikassati, kassa ca uppannassa vasaṃ gacchatī”ti?
   “Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu, ummaggo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pucchasi– ‘kena nu kho, bhante, loko nīyati, kena loko parikassati, kassa ca uppannassa vasaṃ gacchatī’”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Cittena kho, bhikkhu, loko nīyati, cittena parikassati, cittassa uppannassa vasaṃ gacchatī”ti.
   “Sādhu bhante”ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi– “‘bahussuto dhammadharo, bahussuto dhammadharo’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bahussuto dhammadharo hotī”ti?
   “Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu ummaggo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pucchasi– ‘bahussuto dhammadharo, bahussuto dhammadharoti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bahussuto dhammadharo hotī’”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Bahū kho, bhikkhu, mayā dhammā desitā – suttaṃ, geyyaṃ, veyyākaraṇaṃ, gāthā, udānaṃ, itivuttakaṃ, jātakaṃ, abbhutadhammaṃ, vedallaṃ. Catuppadāya cepi, bhikkhu, gāthāya atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hoti bahussuto dhammadharoti alaṃ vacanāyā”ti.
   “Sādhu, bhante”ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi– “‘sutavā nibbedhikapañño, sutavā nibbedhikapañño’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, sutavā nibbedhikapañño hotī”ti?
   “Sādhu sādhu, bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu, ummaggo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ, bhikkhu, pucchasi– ‘sutavā nibbedhikapañño, sutavā nibbedhikapaññoti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, sutavā nibbedhikapañño hotī’”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Idha, bhikkhu, bhikkhuno ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa atthaṃ ativijjha passati; ‘ayaṃ dukkhasamudayo’ti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cass atthaṃ ativijjha passati; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodho’ti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa atthaṃ ativijjha passati; ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti sutaṃ hoti, paññāya cassa atthaṃ ativijjha passati. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, sutavā nibbedhikapañño hotī”ti.
   “Sādhu, bhante”ti kho so bhikkhu bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ uttari pañhaṃ apucchi– “‘paṇḍito mahāpañño, paṇḍito mahāpañño’ti, bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, paṇḍito mahāpañño hotī”ti?
   “Sādhu sādhu bhikkhu! Bhaddako kho te, bhikkhu, ummaggo, bhaddakaṃ paṭibhānaṃ, kalyāṇī paripucchā. Evañhi tvaṃ bhikkhu pucchasi– ‘paṇḍito mahāpañño, paṇḍito mahāpaññoti bhante, vuccati. Kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, paṇḍito mahāpañño hotī’”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Idha, bhikkhu, paṇḍito mahāpañño nevattabyābādhāya ceteti na parabyābādhāya ceteti na ubhayabyābādhāya ceteti attahitaparahita-ubhayahitasabbalokahitameva cintayamāno cinteti. Evaṃ kho, bhikkhu, paṇḍito mahāpañño hotī”ti. Chaṭṭhaṃ.
漢巴經文比對(莊春江作):
  「誰起自在(MA.172)」,南傳作「當什麼生起時,走到控制」(kassa ca uppannassa vasaṃ gacchatīti),菩提比丘長老英譯為「當什麼生起時,[世界]走入它的控制」(When what has arisen does [the world] go under its control)。按:「控制」(vasaṃ),也作「自在」,但是生起者自在,不是世間自在。
  「四句偈(MA.172)」,南傳作「四句偈頌的」(Catuppadāya…gāthāya),菩提比丘長老英譯為「四行詩」(a four-line verse)。按:一個偈頌有四句,有時也稱「偈」為「四句」。
  「拘牽(SA.1009)」,南傳作「拖來拖去」(parikassati),菩提比丘長老英譯為「被到處拖」(is…dragged here and there, SN),或「被拖繞」(is…dragged around, AN)。按:《顯揚真義》以「拉入;引誘」(parikaḍḍhati, SN.1.62)解說,《滿足希求》以「被牽引」(ākaḍḍhiyati, AN.4.186)解說。