增支部4集180經/大場所經(莊春江譯)[AA.28.5]
有一次，
世尊住在財富城的阿難塔廟。在那裡，世尊召喚
比丘們：「比丘們！」「
尊師！」那些比丘回答世尊。世尊說這個：「比丘們！我將為你們教導這
四大場所，你們要聽它！你們要
好好作意！我將說。」「是的，
大德！」那些比丘回答世尊。世尊說這個：
「比丘們！而哪些是四大場所？比丘們！這裡，比丘會這麼說：『
學友們！這被我從世尊的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是
大師的教說。」』比丘們！那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，
應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照，如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，既不在經中進入，也不在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這不是那位世尊、
阿羅漢、
遍正覺者的言語，同時也是這位比丘的惡把握的。』比丘們！像這樣，你們應該捨棄它。
比丘們！又，這裡，比丘會這麼說：『學友們！這被我從世尊的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是大師的教說。」』比丘們！那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照。如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，在經中進入，同時也在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這是那位世尊、阿羅漢、遍正覺者的言語，同時也是這位比丘的善把握的。』比丘們！你們應該憶持這第一大場所。
比丘們！又，這裡，比丘會這麼說：『有
上座、有上首的僧團住在名叫像那樣的住處，被我從那個僧團的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是大師的教說。」』比丘們！那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照。如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，既不在經中進入，也不在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這不是那位世尊、阿羅漢、遍正覺者之語，這是那個僧團的惡把握的。』比丘們！像這樣，你們應該捨棄它。
比丘們！又，這裡，比丘會這麼說：『有上座、有上首的僧團住在名叫像那樣的住處，被我從那個僧團的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是大師的教說。」』那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照。如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，在經中進入，同時也在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這是那位世尊、阿羅漢、遍正覺者之語，這是那個僧團的正確把握。』比丘們！你們應該憶持這第二大場所。
比丘們！又，這裡，比丘會這麼說：『眾多多聞、
通曉阿含的、
持法的、持律的、
持本母的上座比丘們住在名叫像那樣的住處，被我從那些上座的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是大師的教說。」』比丘們！那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照。如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，既不在經中進入，也不在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這不是那位世尊、阿羅漢、遍正覺者之語，這是那些上座們的惡把握的。』比丘們！像這樣，你們應該捨棄它。
比丘們！又，這裡，比丘會這麼說：『眾多多聞、通曉阿含的、持法的、持律的、持本母的上座比丘們住在名叫像那樣的住處，被我從那些上座的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是大師的教說。」』那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照。如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，在經中進入，同時也在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這是那位世尊、阿羅漢、遍正覺者之語，這是那些上座們的正確把握。』比丘們！你們應該憶持這第三大場所。
比丘們！又，這裡，比丘會這麼說：『某位多聞、通曉阿含的、持法的、持律的、持本母的上座比丘住在名叫像那樣的住處，被我從那位上座的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是大師的教說。」』比丘們！那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照。如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，既不在經中進入，也不在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這不是那位世尊、阿羅漢、遍正覺者之語，這是那位上座的惡把握的。』比丘們！像這樣，你們應該捨棄它。
比丘們！又，這裡，比丘會這麼說：『某位多聞、通曉阿含的、持法的、持律的、持本母的上座比丘住在名叫像那樣的住處，被我從那位上座的面前聽聞、領受：「這是法，這是律，這是大師的教說。」』那位比丘的所說既不應該被贊同，也不應該被拒絕，不贊同、不拒絕後，善把握那些文句後，應該在經中能使被進入，應該在律中能被對照。如果那些當在經中使進入、在律中對照時，在經中進入，同時也在律中被看見，在這裡，應該被走到結論：『確實，這是那位世尊、阿羅漢、遍正覺者之語，這是那位上座的正確把握。』比丘們！你們應該憶持這第四大場所。比丘們！這是四大場所。」[≃DN.16, 187-188段]
故思品第三，其
攝頌：
「思、解析、拘絺羅，阿難、優波哇那為第五則，
祈願、羅侯羅、泥沼池，涅槃、大場所。」
AN.4.180/ 10. Mahāpadesasuttaṃ
180. Ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā bhoganagare viharati ānandacetiye. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca– “cattārome, bhikkhave, mahāpadese desessāmi, taṃ suṇātha sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–
“Katame, bhikkhave, cattāro mahāpadesā? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso, bhagavato sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ na ceva tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa; imassa ca bhikkhuno duggahitan’ti. Iti hetaṃ, bhikkhave, chaḍḍeyyātha.
“Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘sammukhā metaṃ, āvuso, bhagavato sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa; imassa ca bhikkhuno suggahitan’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, paṭhamaṃ mahāpadesaṃ dhāreyyātha.
“Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘asukasmiṃ nāma āvāse saṅgho viharati sathero sapāmokkho. Tassa me saṅghassa sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ na ceva tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa tassa ca saṅghassa duggahitan’ti. Iti hetaṃ, bhikkhave, chaḍḍeyyātha.
“Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘asukasmiṃ nāma āvāse saṅgho viharati sathero sapāmokkho. Tassa me saṅghassa sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni, vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa; tassa ca saṅghassa suggahitan’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, dutiyaṃ mahāpadesaṃ dhāreyyātha.
“Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘asukasmiṃ nāma āvāse sambahulā therā bhikkhū viharanti bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā. Tesaṃ me therānaṃ sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ na ceva tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa; tesañca therānaṃ duggahitan’ti. Iti hetaṃ, bhikkhave, chaḍḍeyyātha.
“Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘asukasmiṃ nāma āvāse sambahulā therā bhikkhū viharanti bahussutā āgatāgamā dhammadharā vinayadharā mātikādharā. Tesaṃ me therānaṃ sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa; tesañca therānaṃ suggahitan’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, tatiyaṃ mahāpadesaṃ dhāreyyātha.
“Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘asukasmiṃ nāma āvāse eko thero bhikkhu viharati bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo. Tassa me therassa sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni na ceva sutte otaranti na vinaye sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ na ceva tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa; tassa ca therassa duggahitan’ti. Iti hetaṃ, bhikkhave, chaḍḍeyyātha.
“Idha pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhu evaṃ vadeyya– ‘asukasmiṃ nāma āvāse eko thero bhikkhu viharati bahussuto āgatāgamo dhammadharo vinayadharo mātikādharo. Tassa me therassa sammukhā sutaṃ sammukhā paṭiggahitaṃ– ayaṃ dhammo, ayaṃ vinayo, idaṃ satthusāsanan’ti. Tassa, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno bhāsitaṃ neva abhinanditabbaṃ nappaṭikkositabbaṃ. Anabhinanditvā appaṭikkositvā tāni padabyañjanāni sādhukaṃ uggahetvā sutte otāretabbāni, vinaye sandassetabbāni. Tāni ce sutte otāriyamānāni vinaye sandassiyamānāni sutte ceva otaranti vinaye ca sandissanti, niṭṭhamettha gantabbaṃ– ‘addhā, idaṃ tassa bhagavato vacanaṃ arahato sammāsambuddhassa; tassa ca therassa suggahitan’ti. Idaṃ, bhikkhave, catutthaṃ mahāpadesaṃ dhāreyyātha. Ime kho, bhikkhave, cattāro mahāpadesā”ti. Dasamaṃ.
Sañcetaniyavaggo tatiyo.
Tassuddānaṃ–
Cetanā vibhatti koṭṭhiko, ānando upavāṇapañcamaṃ;
Āyācana-rāhula-jambālī, nibbānaṃ mahāpadesenāti.