經號:   
   (AN.3.71 更新)
增支部3集71經/布薩經(莊春江譯)[MA.202]
  被我這麼聽聞
  有一次世尊住在舍衛城東園鹿母講堂。
  那時,鹿母-毘舍佉在那個布薩日去見世尊。抵達後,向世尊問訊後,在一旁坐下。世尊對在一旁坐下的鹿母-毘舍佉說這個:「那麼,毘舍佉!你中午從哪裡來呢?」「大德!今天我入布薩。」
  「毘舍佉!有這三種布薩,哪三種?牧牛者布薩、尼乾陀布薩、聖者布薩。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣是牧牛者布薩?毘舍佉!猶如牧牛者傍晚時交還主人們的牛後,像這樣深慮:『今天,諸牛在這樣與那樣的地方行走,在這樣與那樣的地方喝水,現在,明天諸牛將在這樣與那樣的地方行走,將在這樣與那樣的地方喝水。』同樣的,毘舍佉!這裡,某位入布薩者像這樣深慮:『今天,我嚼這個與那個硬食,吃這個與那個軟食,現在,明天我將嚼這個與那個硬食,將吃這個與那個軟食。』他以那個貪婪俱行之心度過白天。毘舍佉!這樣是牧牛者布薩,毘舍佉!這樣入布薩的牧牛者布薩是無大果的、無大效益的、無大光輝的、無大遍滿的。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣是尼乾陀布薩?毘舍佉!有名叫尼乾陀的沙門之類的,他們這麼勸導弟子們:『喂!來!男子!凡在東方超越一百由旬處的諸生物,請你在他們上放下棍棒;凡在西方超越一百由旬處的諸生物,請你在他們上放下棍棒;凡在北方超越一百由旬處的諸生物,請你在他們上放下棍棒;凡在南方超越一百由旬處的諸生物,請你在他們上放下棍棒。』像這樣,他們對某些生物的同情憐愍勸導,對某些生物的不同情不憐愍勸導。在那個布薩日,他們這麼勸導弟子們:『喂!來!男子!你放下全部的衣服後,請你這麼說:『我在任何地方不是任何人的任何事物;在任何地方任何事物也不是我的什麼。[MN.106]』他的父母知道:『這位是我們的兒子。』他也知道:『這些是我的父母。』又,他的妻兒知道:『這位是我的丈夫。』他也知道:『這是我的妻兒。』又,他的奴僕工人僕人們知道:『這位是我們的主人。』他也知道:『這是我的奴僕工人僕人。』像這樣,凡在真實的上應該被勸導時,在那時勸導妄語,我說,這是關於他的妄語。那夜過後,他就吃未給予的食物,我說,這是關於他的未給予而取。毘舍佉!這樣是尼乾陀布薩,毘舍佉!這樣入布薩的尼乾陀布薩是無大果的、無大效益的、無大光輝的、無大遍滿的。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣是聖者布薩?毘舍佉!雜染心有以方法的淨化,毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念(回憶)如來:『像這樣,那位世尊是阿羅漢遍正覺者明行具足者善逝世間知者應該被調御人的無上調御者天-人們的大師佛陀、世尊。』當他隨念如來時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!猶如雜染的頭有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的頭有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!緣於糊狀物、緣於粘土、緣於水、以及緣於男子適當的努力,毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的頭有以方法的淨化。同樣的,毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念如來:『像這樣,那位世尊是阿羅漢、遍正覺者、明行具足者、善逝、世間知者、應該被調御人的無上調御者、天-人們的大師、佛陀、世尊。』當他隨念如來時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這被稱為:聖弟子對梵布薩入布薩,與梵一同共住,以及關於梵,他的心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化,毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念法:『被世尊善說的法是直接可見的、即時的、請你來看的、能引導的、應該被智者各自經驗的。』當他隨念法時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!猶如雜染的身體有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的身體有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!緣於洗背刷、緣於洗粉、緣於水、以及緣於男子適當的努力,毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的身體有以方法的淨化。同樣的,毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念法:『被世尊善說的法是直接可見的、即時的、請你來看的、能引導的、應該被智者各自經驗的。』當他隨念法時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這被稱為:聖弟子對法布薩入布薩,與法一同共住,以及關於法,他的心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化,毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念僧團:『世尊的弟子僧團是善行者,世尊的弟子僧團是正直行者,世尊的弟子僧團是真理行者,世尊的弟子僧團是方正行者,即:四雙之人、八輩之士,這世尊的弟子僧團應該被奉獻、應該被供奉、應該被供養、應該被合掌,為世間的無上福田。』當他隨念僧團時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!猶如雜染的衣服有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的衣服有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!緣於熱、緣於鹼性物、緣於牛糞、緣於水、以及緣於男子適當的努力,毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的衣服有以方法的淨化。同樣的,毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念僧團:『世尊的弟子僧團是善行者……(中略)為世間的無上福田。』當他隨念僧團時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這被稱為:聖弟子對僧團布薩入布薩,與僧團一同共住,以及關於僧團,他的心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化,毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子回憶自己的諸戒:無毀壞的、無瑕疵的、無污點的、無雜色的、自由的、智者稱讚的、不取著的、轉起定的。當他回憶戒時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!猶如雜染的鏡子有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的鏡子有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!緣於油、緣於灰、緣於馬尾刷、以及緣於男子適當的努力,毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的鏡子有以方法的淨化。同樣的,毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子回憶自己的諸戒:無毀壞的……(中略)轉起定的。當他回憶戒時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這被稱為:聖弟子對戒布薩入布薩,與戒一同共住,以及關於戒,他的心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的心有以方法的淨化。同樣的,毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化,毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念諸天:『有四大王天,有三十三天,有夜摩天,有兜率天,有化樂天,有他化自在天,有梵眾天,有其他更高之諸天。那些天具備如這樣的信,從這裡死後,為在那裡往生者,我的像這樣的信也被知道;那些天具備如這樣的戒,從這裡死後,為在那裡往生者,我的像這樣的戒也被知道;那些天具備如這樣的聽聞,從這裡死後,為在那裡往生者,我的像這樣的聽聞也被知道;那些天具備如這樣的施捨,從這裡死後,為在那裡往生者,我的像這樣的施捨也被知道;那些天具備如這樣的慧,從這裡死後,為在那裡往生者,我的像這樣的慧也被知道。』當他回憶自己的與那些天的信、戒、聽聞、施捨、慧時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!猶如雜染的黃金有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的黃金有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!緣於熔爐、緣於鹽、緣於紅土、緣於[吹]管、小鑷子、以及緣於男子適當的努力,毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的黃金有以方法的淨化。同樣的,毘舍佉!雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!而怎樣雜染的心有以方法的淨化?毘舍佉!這裡,聖弟子隨念諸天:『有四大王天……(中略)有其他更高之諸天。那些天具備如這樣的信,從這裡死後,為在那裡往生者,我的像這樣的信也被知道……(中略)戒……(中略)聽聞……(中略)施捨;那些天具備如這樣的慧,從這裡死後,為在那裡往生者,我的像這樣的慧也被知道。』當他回憶自己的與那些天的信、戒、聽聞、施捨、慧時,心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這被稱為:聖弟子對諸天布薩入布薩,與諸天一同共住,以及關於諸天,他的心變得明淨,欣悅生起,凡心的隨雜染,那些被捨斷。毘舍佉!這樣,雜染的心有以方法的淨化。
  毘舍佉!那位聖弟子他像這樣深慮:『只要活著,阿羅漢們捨斷殺生後,成為離殺生者,住於放下棍棒的、放下刀劍的、有羞恥的、來到同情的、對一切活的生命類有憐愍的。今天,這日與這夜,我也捨斷殺生後,成為離殺生者,住於放下棍棒的、放下刀劍的、有羞恥的、來到同情的、對一切活的生命類有憐愍的,以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  『只要活著,阿羅漢們捨斷未給予而取後,成為離未給予而取者、給予而取者、期待被施與者,以不盜取、以自我成為清淨者而住,今天,這日與這夜,我也捨斷未給予而取後,成為離未給予而取者、給予而取者、期待被施與者,以不盜取、以自我成為清淨者而住,也以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  『只要活著,阿羅漢們捨斷非梵行後,成為梵行者、行遠離者、戒絕婬欲俗法者,今天,這日與這夜,我也捨斷非梵行後,成為梵行者、行遠離者、戒絕婬欲俗法者,也以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  『只要活著,阿羅漢們捨斷妄語後,成為離妄語者、真實語者、隨從真實者、可靠者、誠心者、對世間不詐欺者,今天,這日與這夜,我也捨斷妄語後,成為離妄語者、真實語者、隨從真實者、可靠者、誠心者、對世間不詐欺者,也以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  『只要活著,阿羅漢們捨斷榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處後,成為離榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,今天,這日與這夜,我也捨斷榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處後,成為離榖酒、果酒、酒放逸處者,也以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  『只要活著,阿羅漢們是一日一食者、停止夜食者、戒絕非時食者,今天,這日與這夜,我也是一日一食者、停止夜食者、戒絕非時食者,也以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  『只要活著,阿羅漢們是離跳舞、歌曲、音樂、看戲、花環、香料、塗油之持用與莊嚴、裝飾狀態者,今天,這日與這夜,我也是離跳舞、歌曲、音樂、看戲、花環、香料、塗油之持用與莊嚴、裝飾狀態者,也以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  『只要活著,阿羅漢們捨斷高床、大床後,是離高床、大床者,作低臥床:在小床上或草敷床上,今天,這日與這夜,我也捨斷高床、大床後,是離高床、大床者,作低臥床:在小床上或草敷床上,也以這個部分我仿效阿羅漢,以及入布薩的我將有布薩。』
  毘舍佉!這樣是聖者布薩,毘舍佉!這樣入布薩的聖者布薩有大果、大效益、大光輝、大遍滿。有多少大果、多少大效益、多少大光輝、多少大遍滿?毘舍佉!猶如凡作這十六大國很多七寶的主權統治王權,即:鴦伽、摩揭陀、迦尸、憍薩羅、跋耆、末羅、支提、番伽、俱盧、般遮羅、婆蹉、首羅先那、阿濕伽、阿槃提、健陀羅、劍浮闍,比具備八支布薩,這不值得十六分之一,那是什麼原因?毘舍佉!人間的王權比較天樂後是卑微的。
  毘舍佉!凡人間的五十年是這四大王天的一日夜,以那個夜,三十夜是月,以那個月,十二個月是年,以那個年,五百天年是四大王天的壽命量。毘舍佉!又,這存在可能性:凡這裡某位女子或男子對八支具備的布薩入布薩後,以身體的崩解,死後往生四大王天諸天們的共住狀態。毘舍佉!關於這個這被說:人間的王權比較天樂後是卑微的。
  毘舍佉!人間的一百年是這三十三天的一日夜,以那個夜,三十夜是月,以那個月,十二個月是年,以那個年,一千天年是三十三天的壽命量。毘舍佉!又,這存在可能性:凡這裡某位女子或男子對八支具備的布薩入布薩後,以身體的崩解,死後往生三十三天諸天們的共住狀態。毘舍佉!又,關於這個這被說:人間的王權比較天樂後是卑微的。
  毘舍佉!人間的二百年是夜摩天的一日夜,以那個夜,三十夜是月,以那個月,十二個月是年,以那個年,二千天年是夜摩天的壽命量。毘舍佉!又,這存在可能性:凡這裡某位女子或男子對八支具備的布薩入布薩後,以身體的崩解,死後往生夜摩天諸天們的共住狀態。毘舍佉!又,關於這個這被說:人間的王權比較天樂後是卑微的。
  毘舍佉!人間的四百年是這兜率天的一日夜,以那個夜,三十夜是月,以那個月,十二個月是年,以那個年,四千天年是兜率天的壽命量。毘舍佉!又,這存在可能性:凡這裡某位女子或男子對八支具備的布薩入布薩後,以身體的崩解,死後往生兜率天諸天們的共住狀態。毘舍佉!又,關於這個這被說:人間的王權比較天樂後是卑微的。
  毘舍佉!人間的八百年是這化樂天的一日夜,以那個夜,三十夜是月,以那個月,十二個月是年,以那個年,八千天年是化樂天的壽命量。毘舍佉!又,這存在可能性:凡這裡某位女子或男子對八支具備的布薩入布薩後,以身體的崩解,死後往生化樂天諸天們的共住狀態。毘舍佉!又,關於這個這被說:人間的王權比較天樂後是卑微的。
  毘舍佉!人間的一千六百年是這他化自在天的一日夜,以那個夜,三十夜是月,以那個月,十二個月是年,以那個年,一萬六千天年是他化自在天的壽命量。毘舍佉!又,這存在可能性:凡這裡某位女子或男子對八支具備的布薩入布薩後,以身體的崩解,死後往生他化自在天諸天們的共住狀態。毘舍佉!又,關於這個這被說:人間的王權比較天樂後是卑微的。」
  「不應該殺生與不應該未給予而取,不應該說虛妄與不應該成為飲酒者,
   應該戒絕非梵行婬欲,在夜間不應該吃非時食。
   不應該佩戴花環與不應該使用芳香,應該躺臥在床或地面鋪墊,
   他們說這個八支布薩,被已達到苦終結的佛陀說明。
   好看的日與月兩者:只要繞來繞去照耀著,
   祂們是破除黑暗者又是行於空中者,四方照耀者在天空輝耀。
   凡財物在這中間存在:真珠、寶珠與迷人的琉璃,
   還有角狀黃金又或山金,凡天然金、被稱為『沙金』,
   比具備八支布薩者,它們還不隨成為十六分之一,[如]全部星眾對月光。
   因此持戒的男與女,具備八支布薩入布薩後,
   作福德後生起樂者,不被責備者們到達天界處。」
  大品第七,其攝頌
  「宗派處、恐懼與偉那額,沙羅玻、給瑟目大們,
   薩哈還有談論之基礎,外道者、根、布薩。」
AN.3.71/ 10. Uposathasuttaṃ
   71. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Atha kho visākhā migāramātā tadahuposathe yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho visākhaṃ migāramātaraṃ bhagavā etadavoca– “handa kuto nu tvaṃ, visākhe, āgacchasi divā divassā”ti? “Uposathāhaṃ, bhante, ajja upavasāmī”ti.
   “Tayo khome, visākhe, uposathā. Katame tayo? Gopālakuposatho, nigaṇṭhuposatho, ariyuposatho. Kathañca, visākhe, gopālakuposatho hoti? Seyyathāpi, visākhe, gopālako sāyanhasamaye sāmikānaṃ gāvo niyyātetvā iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘ajja kho gāvo amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese cariṃsu, amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese pānīyāni piviṃsu; sve dāni gāvo amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese carissanti, amukasmiñca amukasmiñca padese pānīyāni pivissantī’ti; evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, idhekacco uposathiko iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘ahaṃ khvajja idañcidañca khādanīyaṃ khādiṃ, idañcidañca bhojanīyaṃ bhuñjiṃ sve dānāhaṃ idañcidañca khādanīyaṃ khādissāmi, idaṃ cidañca bhojanīyaṃ bhuñjissāmī’ti. So tena abhijjhāsahagatena cetasā divasaṃ atināmeti. Evaṃ kho visākhe, gopālakuposatho hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, gopālakuposatho na mahapphalo hoti na mahānisaṃso na mahājutiko na mahāvipphāro.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, nigaṇṭhuposatho hoti? Atthi, visākhe, nigaṇṭhā nāma samaṇajātikā. Te sāvakaṃ evaṃ samādapenti – ‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, ye puratthimāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhi; ye pacchimāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhi; ye uttarāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhi; ye dakkhiṇāya disāya pāṇā paraṃ yojanasataṃ tesu daṇḍaṃ nikkhipāhī’ti. Iti ekaccānaṃ pāṇānaṃ anuddayāya anukampāya samādapenti, ekaccānaṃ pāṇānaṃ nānuddayāya nānukampāya samādapenti. Te tadahuposathe sāvakaṃ evaṃ samādapenti – ‘ehi tvaṃ, ambho purisa, sabbacelāni nikkhipitvā evaṃ vadehi – nāhaṃ kvacani kassaci kiñcanatasmiṃ, na ca mama kvacani katthaci kiñcanatatthī’ti. Jānanti kho panassa mātāpitaro– ‘ayaṃ amhākaṃ putto’ti; sopi jānāti– ‘ime mayhaṃ mātāpitaro’ti. Jānāti kho panassa puttadāro ‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ bhattā’ti; sopi jānāti– ‘ayaṃ mayhaṃ puttadāro’ti. Jānanti kho panassa dāsakammakaraporisā– ‘ayaṃ amhākaṃ ayyo’ti; sopi jānāti– ‘ime mayhaṃ dāsakammakaraporisā’ti. Iti yasmiṃ samaye sacce samādapetabbā musāvāde tasmiṃ samaye samādapenti. Idaṃ tassa musāvādasmiṃ vadāmi. So tassā rattiyā accayena bhoge adinnaṃyeva paribhuñjati. Idaṃ tassa adinnādānasmiṃ vadāmi. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, nigaṇṭhuposatho hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, nigaṇṭhuposatho na mahapphalo hoti na mahānisaṃso na mahājutiko na mahāvipphāro.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, ariyuposatho hoti? Upakkiliṭṭhassa visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Tassa tathāgataṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati. Ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa sīsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa sīsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Kakkañca paṭicca mattikañca paṭicca udakañca paṭicca purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca, evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa sīsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako tathāgataṃ anussarati– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. Tassa tathāgataṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe– ‘ariyasāvako brahmuposathaṃ upavasati, brahmunā saddhiṃ saṃvasati, brahmañcassa ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako dhammaṃ anussarati – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Tassa dhammaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa kāyassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa kāyassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Sottiñca paṭicca, cuṇṇañca paṭicca, udakañca paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa kāyassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako dhammaṃ anussarati – ‘svākkhāto bhagavatā dhammo sandiṭṭhiko akāliko ehipassiko opaneyyiko paccattaṃ veditabbo viññūhī’ti. Tassa dhammaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako dhammuposathaṃ upavasati, dhammena saddhiṃ saṃvasati, dhammañcassa ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Upakkiliṭṭhassa visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako saṅghaṃ anussarati– ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ujuppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, ñāyappaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, sāmīcippaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho, yadidaṃ cattāri purisayugāni aṭṭha purisapuggalā esa bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho āhuneyyo pāhuneyyo dakkhiṇeyyo añjalikaraṇīyo anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Tassa saṅghaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa vatthassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa vatthassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Usmañca paṭicca, khārañca paṭicca, gomayañca paṭicca, udakañca paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa vatthassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako saṅghaṃ anussarati– ‘suppaṭipanno bhagavato sāvakasaṅgho …pe… anuttaraṃ puññakkhettaṃ lokassā’ti. Tassa saṅghaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako saṅghuposathaṃ upavasati, saṅghena saddhiṃ saṃvasati, saṅghañcassa ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako attano sīlāni anussarati akhaṇḍāni acchiddāni asabalāni akammāsāni bhujissāni viññuppasatthāni aparāmaṭṭhāni samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Tassa sīlaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa ādāsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa ādāsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Telañca paṭicca chārikañca paṭicca, vālaṇḍupakañca paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa ādāsassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha visākhe, ariyasāvako attano sīlāni anussarati akhaṇḍāni …pe… samādhisaṃvattanikāni. Tassa sīlaṃ anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako sīluposathaṃ upavasati, sīlena saddhiṃ saṃvasati, sīlañcassa ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Upakkiliṭṭhassa, visākhe, cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Kathañca, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha visākhe, ariyasāvako devatā anussarati – ‘santi devā cātumahārājikā, santi devā tāvatiṃsā, santi devā yāmā, santi devā tusitā, santi devā nimmānaratino, santi devā paranimmitavasavattino, santi devā brahmakāyikā, santi devā tatuttari. Yathārūpāya saddhāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā saddhā saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sīlena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpaṃ sīlaṃ saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sutena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpaṃ sutaṃ saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena cāgena samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpo cāgo saṃvijjati. Yathārūpāya paññāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā paññā saṃvijjatī’ti. Tassa attano ca tāsañca devatānaṃ saddhañca sīlañca sutañca cāgañca paññañca anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti, seyyathāpi, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa jātarūpassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa jātarūpassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Ukkañca paṭicca, loṇañca paṭicca, gerukañca paṭicca, nāḷikasaṇḍāsañca paṭicca, purisassa ca tajjaṃ vāyāmaṃ paṭicca. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa jātarūpassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti. Evamevaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Kathañca visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti? Idha, visākhe, ariyasāvako devatā anussarati– ‘santi devā cātumahārājikā, santi devā tāvatiṃsā …pe… santi devā tatuttari. Yathārūpāya saddhāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā saddhā saṃvijjati. Yathārūpena sīlena …pe… sutena …pe… cāgena …pe… paññāya samannāgatā tā devatā ito cutā tatthupapannā, mayhampi tathārūpā paññā saṃvijjatī’ti. Tassa attano ca tāsañca devatānaṃ saddhañca sīlañca sutañca cāgañca paññañca anussarato cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti. Ayaṃ vuccati, visākhe, ‘ariyasāvako devatuposathaṃ upavasati, devatāhi saddhiṃ saṃvasati, devatā ārabbha cittaṃ pasīdati, pāmojjaṃ uppajjati, ye cittassa upakkilesā te pahīyanti’. Evaṃ kho, visākhe, upakkiliṭṭhassa cittassa upakkamena pariyodapanā hoti.
   “Sa kho so, visākhe, ariyasāvako iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘yāvajīvaṃ arahanto pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭiviratā nihitadaṇḍā nihitasatthā lajjī dayāpannā sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharanti; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ pāṇātipātaṃ pahāya pāṇātipātā paṭivirato nihitadaṇḍo nihitasattho lajjī dayāpanno sabbapāṇabhūtahitānukampī viharāmi. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
   “Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭiviratā dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharanti; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ adinnādānaṃ pahāya adinnādānā paṭivirato dinnādāyī dinnapāṭikaṅkhī, athenena sucibhūtena attanā viharāmi. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
   “Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī ārācārī viratā methunā gāmadhammā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ abrahmacariyaṃ pahāya brahmacārī ārācārī virato methunā gāmadhammā. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
   “Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭiviratā saccavādī saccasandhā thetā paccayikā avisaṃvādakā lokassa; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ musāvādaṃ pahāya musāvādā paṭivirato saccavādī saccasandho theto paccayiko avisaṃvādako lokassa. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
   “Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānaṃ pahāya surāmerayamajjapamādaṭṭhānā paṭivirato. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
   “Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto ekabhattikā rattūparatā viratā vikālabhojanā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ ekabhattiko rattūparato virato vikālabhojanā. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
   “Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭiviratā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ naccagītavāditavisūkadassanamālāgandhavilepanadhāraṇamaṇḍanavibhūsanaṭṭhānā paṭivirato Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissati.
   “Yāvajīvaṃ arahanto uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭiviratā nīcaseyyaṃ kappenti mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā; ahampajja imañca rattiṃ imañca divasaṃ uccāsayanamahāsayanaṃ pahāya uccāsayanamahāsayanā paṭivirato nīcaseyyaṃ kappemi mañcake vā tiṇasanthārake vā. Imināpi aṅgena arahataṃ anukaromi, uposatho ca me upavuttho bhavissatī”ti.
   “Evaṃ kho, visākhe, ariyuposatho hoti. Evaṃ upavuttho kho, visākhe, ariyuposatho mahapphalo hoti mahānisaṃso mahājutiko mahāvipphāro”.
   “Kīvamahapphalo hoti kīvamahānisaṃso kīvamahājutiko kīvamahāvipphāro”? “Seyyathāpi, visākhe, yo imesaṃ soḷasannaṃ mahājanapadānaṃ pahūtarattaratanānaṃ issariyādhipaccaṃ rajjaṃ kāreyya seyyathidaṃ– aṅgānaṃ, magadhānaṃ, kāsīnaṃ, kosalānaṃ, vajjīnaṃ, mallānaṃ, cetīnaṃ, vaṅgānaṃ, kurūnaṃ, pañcālānaṃ, macchānaṃ, sūrasenānaṃ, assakānaṃ, avantīnaṃ, gandhārānaṃ, kambojānaṃ, aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgatassa uposathassa etaṃ kalaṃ nāgghati soḷasiṃ. Taṃ kissa hetu? Kapaṇaṃ, visākhe, mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya”.
   “Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni paññāsa vassāni, cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni pañca vassasatāni cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā cātumahārājikānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ– ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’”.
   “Yaṃ visākhe, mānusakaṃ vassasataṃ, tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbaṃ vassasahassaṃ tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tāvatiṃsānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ– ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’”.
   “Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni dve vassasatāni, yāmānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni dve vassasahassāni yāmānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā yāmānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ– ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’”.
   “Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni cattāri vassasatāni, tusitānaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni cattāri vassasahassāni tusitānaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā tusitānaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ– ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’”.
   “Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni aṭṭha vassasatāni, nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni aṭṭha vassasahassāni nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā nimmānaratīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ– ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāya’”.
   “Yāni, visākhe, mānusakāni soḷasa vassasatāni, paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ eso eko rattindivo. Tāya rattiyā tiṃsarattiyo māso. Tena māsena dvādasamāsiyo saṃvaccharo. Tena saṃvaccharena dibbāni soḷasa vassasahassāni paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ āyuppamāṇaṃ. Ṭhānaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, vijjati yaṃ idhekacco itthī vā puriso vā aṭṭhaṅgasamannāgataṃ uposathaṃ upavasitvā kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā paranimmitavasavattīnaṃ devānaṃ sahabyataṃ upapajjeyya. Idaṃ kho panetaṃ, visākhe, sandhāya bhāsitaṃ– ‘kapaṇaṃ mānusakaṃ rajjaṃ dibbaṃ sukhaṃ upanidhāyā’”ti.
  “Pāṇaṃ na haññe na cadinnamādiye,
  Musā na bhāse na ca majjapo siyā.
  Abrahmacariyā virameyya methunā,
  Rattiṃ na bhuñjeyya vikālabhojanaṃ.
  “Mālaṃ na dhāre na ca gandhamācare,
  Mañce chamāyaṃ va sayetha santhate.
  Etañhi aṭṭhaṅgikamāhuposathaṃ,
  Buddhena dukkhantagunā pakāsitaṃ.
  “Cando ca sūriyo ca ubho sudassanā,
  Obhāsayaṃ anupariyanti yāvatā.
  Tamonudā te pana antalikkhagā,
  Nabhe pabhāsanti disāvirocanā.
  “Etasmiṃ yaṃ vijjati antare dhanaṃ,
  Muttā maṇi veḷuriyañca bhaddakaṃ.
  Siṅgī suvaṇṇaṃ atha vāpi kañcanaṃ,
  Yaṃ jātarūpaṃ haṭakanti vuccati.
  “Aṭṭhaṅgupetassa uposathassa,
  Kalampi te nānubhavanti soḷasiṃ.
  Candappabhā tāragaṇā ca sabbe.
  “Tasmā hi nārī ca naro ca sīlavā,
  Aṭṭhaṅgupetaṃ upavassuposathaṃ.
  Puññāni katvāna sukhudrayāni,
  Aninditā saggamupenti ṭhānan”ti. Dasamaṃ.
   Mahāvaggo sattamo.
   Tassuddānaṃ–
   Titthabhayañca venāgo, sarabho kesamuttiyā;
   Sāḷho cāpi kathāvatthu, titthiyamūluposathoti.
漢巴經文比對(莊春江作):
  「以方法」(upakkamena,另譯為「以行動」),菩提比丘長老英譯為「以努力」(by exertion)。按:《滿足希求》以「各自的勇猛,或方法」(paccattapurisakārena, upāyena vā)解說。
  「馬尾刷」(vālaṇḍupakañca),菩提比丘長老英譯為「一卷布」(a roll of cloth)。按:《滿足希求》以「用馬尾毛(assavālehi)或一種樹皮纖維毛等(makacivālādīhi)作成的捲圈(aṇḍupakaṃ)」解說。
  「迷人的」(bhaddakaṃ,原意為「善的;幸運的」),菩提比丘長老英譯為「出色的」(excellent)。按:《滿足希求》以「迷人的」(laddhakaṃ)解說,今準此譯。