註解
[1] sañcetanikaṃ, ……kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā sukhavedanīyaṃ sukhaṃ so vedayati; sañcetanikaṃ, ……kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā dukkhavedanīyaṃ dukkhaṃ so vedayati; sañcetanikaṃ, ……kammaṃ katvā kāyena vācāya manasā adukkhamasukhavedanīyaṃ adukkhamasukhaṃ so vedayatī’ti.
[2] Rāgajaṃ dosajañcāpi, mohajaṃ cāpaviddasū; Karontākusalaṃ kammaṃ, savighātaṃ dukhudrayaṃ.
[3] Nāhaṃ bhikkhave, sañcetanikānaṃ kammānaṃ katānaṃ upacitānaṃ appaṭisaṃveditvā byantībhāvaṃ vadāmi.
[4] ñāṇavajjhaṃ kammaṃ ñāṇaphassena phusitvā phusitvā khayaṃ gameti, vipākavajjhaṃ kammaṃ vipākaphassena phusitvā phusitvā khayaṃ gameti.
[5] Upaghātakaṃ pana sayaṃ kusalampi akusalampi samānaṃ aññaṃ dubbalakammaṃ ghātetvā tassa vipākaṃ paṭibāhitvā attano vipākassa okāsaṃ karoti. Evaṃ pana kammena kate okāse taṃ vipākaṃ uppannaṃ nāma vuccati.
[6]《大智度論》卷九匯為「九罪報」。(T.25p.121)其中頭痛一項,《佛說頭痛宿緣經第三》說:「我以小杖打魚頭,以是因緣墮地獄中,無數千歲。我今雖得阿惟三佛,由是殘緣故,毘樓勒王伐釋種時我得頭痛。」(T.4p.166)
[7] Idha pana, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo abhāvitakāyo hoti abhāvitasīlo abhāvitacitto abhāvitapañño paritto appātumo appadukkhavihārī. Evarūpassa, bhikkhave, puggalassa appamattakampi pāpakammaṃ kataṃ tamenaṃ nirayaṃ upaneti. ……Idha, bhikkhave, ekacco puggalo bhāvitakāyo hoti bhāvitasīlo bhāvitacitto bhāvitapañño aparitto mahatto appamāṇavihārī. Evarūpassa, bhikkhave, puggalassa tādisaṃyeva appamattakaṃ pāpakammaṃ kataṃ diṭṭhadhammavedanīyaṃ hoti, nāṇupi khāyati, kiṃ bahudeva.
[8]《阿毘達磨發智論》:「云何修身?答:若於身已離貪欲潤憙渴,又無間道能盡色貪,彼於此道已修、已安。云何修戒?答:若於戒已離貪,……廣說如身。云何修心?答:若於心已離貪欲潤憙渴,又無間道能盡無色貪,彼於此道已修、已安。云何修慧?答:若於慧已離貪,……廣說如心。」
《增支部》註釋書《滿足希求》:「修習身等:使煩惱的滅盡被看見,他以被稱為身隨觀的、身的修習名為修習身,或身的增長狀態為修習身。(Bhāvitakāyotiādīhi khīṇāsavo dassito. So hi kāyānupassanāsaṅkhātāya kāyabhāvanāya bhāvitakāyo nāma. Kāyassa vā vaḍḍhitattā bhāvitakāyo.)」
《增支部》註疏:「修習身是身的不淨、無常等行相的觀察。(kāyassa asubhāniccādiākāraanupassanā kāyabhāvanāti)」
[9]《初期大乘佛教之起源與開展》p.576:「在安玄(西元一六八──一八八)所譯的『法鏡經』中,已說到『三品經』,可見西元二世紀初,『三品經』──「三聚法門」已經成立了。這是大乘法中,最通俗最一般的行法,許多大乘經都說到這樣的行法。但說到原始的、先行的大乘,那是禮拜十方諸佛的「懺悔(滅業障)法門」。這一部分,比『阿彌陀佛經』等都要早些,約與『道智大經』的時代相近。」
[10] 如傳為龍樹菩薩作的《十住毘婆沙論》〈分別功德品第十一〉就是關於「懺悔、勸請、隨喜、迴向」的解說專章,其中就說到:「懺悔福德最大,除業障罪故。」一般視龍樹菩薩為承《般若經》開展之「中觀大乘──性空唯名論」一系的始祖。
[11]《中部101經/天臂經》:「而,比丘們!如何是行動有結果的,勤奮有結果的呢?比丘們!這裡,比丘不這麼被征服,不以苦征服自己,不遍捨如法的樂,也不在樂上入迷,他這麼了知:『當行勤奮時,我的這個苦因以行的勤奮而褪去;當旁觀時,我的這個苦因在修習平靜時褪去。』……」(Kathañca, bhikkhave, saphalo upakkamo hoti, saphalaṃ padhānaṃ? Idha, bhikkhave, bhikkhu na heva anaddhabhūtaṃ attānaṃ dukkhena addhabhāveti, dhammikañca sukhaṃ na pariccajati, tasmiñca sukhe anadhimucchito hoti. So evaṃ pajānāti–‘imassa kho me dukkhanidānassa saṅkhāraṃ padahato saṅkhārappadhānā virāgo hoti, imassa pana me dukkhanidānassa ajjhupekkhato upekkhaṃ bhāvayato virāgo hotī’ti.……)