2.逐步品
中部111經/逐步經(逐步品[12])(莊春江譯)
被我這麼聽聞：
有一次，
世尊住在舍衛城祇樹林給孤獨園。
在那裡，世尊召喚
比丘們：「比丘們！」
「
尊師！」那些比丘回答世尊。
世尊說這個：
「比丘們！舍利弗是賢智者；比丘們！舍利弗是大慧者；比丘們！舍利弗是博慧者；比丘們！舍利弗是捷慧者；比丘們！舍利弗是速慧者；比丘們！舍利弗是
利慧者；比丘們！舍利弗是
洞察慧者[SN.2.29, SN.8.7]，比丘們！舍利弗半個月[MN.74, 205段]對逐步法觀
作觀，比丘們！在那裡，這是舍利弗的逐步法觀(逐步法毘婆舍那)：(93)
比丘們！這裡，舍利弗就從離諸欲後，從離諸不善法後，
進入後住於有尋、
有伺，
離而生喜、樂的初禪。而凡在初禪中諸法：尋、伺、喜、樂、
心一境性，
觸、受、想、思、心、意欲、勝解(決心)、活力、念、
平靜、
作意，他的那些法逐步地被確定：那些法知道地生起、知道地出現、知道地走到滅沒。他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上
以離被限制的心住於{非方法}[不攀住的]、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的
出離。』他就想：『有那個的
多作。』
再者，比丘們！舍利弗從尋與伺的平息，
自身內的明淨，
心的專一性，進入後住於無尋、無伺，定而生喜、樂的第二禪。而凡在第二禪中的諸法：自信、喜、樂、心一境性，觸、受、想、思、心，意欲、勝解、活力、念、平靜、作意，他的那些法逐步地被確定，那些法知道地生起、知道地出現、知道地走到滅沒，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的出離。』他就想：『有那個的多作。』
再者，比丘們！舍利弗從喜的褪去、住於平靜、有念正知、以身體感受樂，進入後住於凡聖者們告知『他是平靜者、具念者、
安樂住者』的第三禪。而凡在第三禪中的諸法：樂、念、正知、心一境性，觸、受、想、思、心，意欲、勝解、活力、念、平靜、作意，他的那些法逐步地被確定，那些法知道地生起、知道地出現、知道地走到滅沒，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的出離。』他就想：『有那個的多作。』
再者，比丘們！舍利弗從樂的捨斷與從苦的捨斷，就在之前諸喜悅、憂的滅沒，進入後住於不苦不樂，
由平靜而念遍淨的第四禪。而凡在第四禪中的諸法：平靜、不苦不樂受、以已寧靜狀態心的無功用(無思惟)、念遍淨、心一境性，觸、受、想、思、心，意欲、勝解、活力、念、平靜、作意，他的那些法逐步地被確定，那些法知道地生起、知道地出現、知道地走到滅沒，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的出離。』他就想：『有那個的多作。』
再者，比丘們！舍利弗
從一切色想的超越，從
有對想的滅沒，從不作意種種想[而知]：『虛空是無邊的』，進入後住於虛空無邊處。而凡在虛空無邊處中的諸法：虛空無邊處想、心一境性，觸、受、想、思、心，意欲、勝解、活力、念、平靜、作意，他的那些法逐步地被確定，那些法知道地生起、知道地出現、知道地走到滅沒，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的出離。』他就想：『有那個的多作。』
再者，比丘們！舍利弗超越一切虛空無邊處後[而知]：『識是無邊的』，進入後住於識無邊處。而凡在識無邊處中的諸法：識無邊處想、心一境性，觸、受、想、思、心，意欲、勝解、活力、念、平靜、作意，他的那些法逐步地被確定，那些法知道地生起、知道地出現、知道地走到滅沒，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的出離。』他就想：『有那個的多作。』
再者，比丘們！舍利弗超越一切識無邊處後[而知]：『什麼都沒有』，進入後住於
無所有處。而凡在無所有處中的諸法：無所有處想、心一境性，觸、受、想、思、心，意欲、勝解、活力、念、平靜、作意，他的那些法逐步地被確定，那些法知道地生起、知道地出現、知道地走到滅沒，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的出離。』他就想：『有那個的多作。』(94)
再者，比丘們！舍利弗超越一切無所有處後，進入後住於
非想非非想處。他從那個
等至具念地出來，從那個等至具念地出來後，凡已過去、已滅、已變易的諸法，他看見那些法，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『有更上的出離。』他就想：『有那個的多作。』(95)
再者，比丘們！舍利弗超越一切非想非非想處後，進入後住於
想受滅，且以慧看見後，他的諸
漏被遍滅盡。他從那個等至具念地出來，從那個等至具念地出來後，凡已過去、已滅、已變易的法，他看見
那些法，他這麼知道：『這樣，確實，這些法不存在後生成，存在後消失。』他在那些法上以離被限制的心住於不攀住的、不離去的、不依止的、不被結縛的、脫離的、離縛的，他知道：『沒有更上的出離。』他就想：『沒有那個的多作。』(96)
比丘們！凡當正確說它時，應該說『在聖戒上達自在者、達完美者，在聖定上達自在者、達完美者，在聖慧上達自在者、達完美者，在聖解脫上達自在者、達完美者。』那就是舍利弗，當正確說時，應該說『在聖戒上達自在者、達完美者，在聖定上達自在者、達完美者，在聖慧上達自在者、達完美者，在聖解脫上達自在者、達完美者。』比丘們！凡當正確說它時，應該說『世尊的親生子、從口生者、法生者、法化作者、法的繼承人、非物質的繼承人。』那就是舍利弗，當正確說時，應該說『是世尊的親生子、從口生者、法生者、法化作者、法的繼承人、非物質的繼承人。』比丘們！舍利弗完全地使被如來轉起的無上法輪隨轉起。」
世尊說這個，悅意的那些比丘歡喜世尊的所說。(97)
逐步經第一終了。
2. Anupadavaggo
MN.111/(1) Anupadasuttaṃ
93. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Tatra kho bhagavā bhikkhū āmantesi– “bhikkhavo”ti. “Bhadante”ti te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–
“Paṇḍito, bhikkhave, sāriputto; mahāpañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; puthupañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; hāsapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; javanapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; tikkhapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; nibbedhikapañño, bhikkhave, sāriputto; sāriputto, bhikkhave, aḍḍhamāsaṃ anupadadhammavipassanaṃ vipassati. Tatridaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputtassa anupadadhammavipassanāya hoti.
94. “Idha, bhikkhave, sāriputto vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca paṭhame jhāne dhammā vitakko ca vicāro ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca dutiye jhāne dhammā– ajjhattaṃ sampasādo ca pīti ca sukhañca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti. Yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti– ‘upekkhako satimā sukhavihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca tatiye jhāne dhammā– sukhañca sati ca sampajaññañc cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti, tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubbeva somanassadomanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā adukkhamasukhaṃ upekkhāsatipārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca catutthe jhāne dhammā– upekkhā adukkhamasukhā vedanā passaddhattā cetaso anābhogo satipārisuddhi cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyā-e anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso rūpasaññānaṃ samatikkamā paṭighasaññānaṃ atthaṅgamā nānattasaññānaṃ amanasikārā ‘ananto ākāso’ti ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca ākāsānañcāyatane dhammā– ākāsānañcāyatanasaññā ca cittekaggatā ca phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti – ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso ākāsānañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘anantaṃ viññāṇan’ti viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca viññāṇañcāyatane dhammā– viññāṇañcāyatanasaññā ca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro– tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso viññāṇañcāyatanaṃ samatikkamma ‘natthi kiñcī’ti ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. Ye ca ākiñcaññāyatane dhammā– ākiñcaññāyatanasaññā ca cittekaggatā ca, phasso vedanā saññā cetanā cittaṃ chando adhimokkho vīriyaṃ sati upekkhā manasikāro – tyāssa dhammā anupadavavatthitā honti. Tyāssa dhammā viditā uppajjanti, viditā upaṭṭhahanti, viditā abbhatthaṃ gacchanti. So evaṃ pajānāti– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
95. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso ākiñcaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ upasampajja viharati. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahati. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahitvā ye dhammā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā te dhamme samanupassati ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘atthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā atthitvevassa hoti.
96. “Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sāriputto sabbaso nevasaññānāsaññāyatanaṃ samatikkamma saññāvedayitanirodhaṃ upasampajja viharati. Paññāya cassa disvā āsavā parikkhīṇā honti. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahati. So tāya samāpattiyā sato vuṭṭhahitvā ye dhammā atītā niruddhā vipariṇatā te dhamme samanupassati– ‘evaṃ kirame dhammā ahutvā sambhonti, hutvā paṭiventī’ti. So tesu dhammesu anupāyo anapāyo anissito appaṭibaddho vippamutto visaṃyutto vimariyādīkatena cetasā viharati. So ‘natthi uttari nissaraṇan’ti pajānāti. Tabbahulīkārā natthitvevassa hoti.
97. “Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave, sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ sīlasmiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ samādhismiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya paññāya vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya vimuttiyā’ti, sāriputtameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ sīlasmiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyasmiṃ samādhismiṃ, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya paññāya, vasippatto pāramippatto ariyāya vimuttiyā’ti. Yaṃ kho taṃ, bhikkhave sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo no āmisadāyādo’ti, sāriputtameva taṃ sammā vadamāno vadeyya– ‘bhagavato putto oraso mukhato jāto dhammajo dhammanimmito dhammadāyādo no āmisadāyādo’ti. Sāriputto, bhikkhave, tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattetī”ti.
Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti.
Anupadasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ paṭhamaṃ.