經號:   
   (中部60經 更新)
中部60經/無缺點經(屋主品[6])(莊春江譯)
  被我這麼聽聞
  有一次,在憍薩羅進行遊行的世尊與大比丘僧團一起抵達名叫沙拉的憍薩羅婆羅門村落。沙拉的婆羅門屋主們聽聞:
  「先生!在憍薩羅進行遊行的釋迦人之子、從釋迦族出家的沙門喬達摩與大比丘僧團一起已抵達沙拉,又,對那位喬達摩尊師,有這樣的好名聲被傳播:『像這樣,那位世尊是阿羅漢遍正覺者明行具足者善逝世間知者應該被調御人的無上調御者天-人們的大師佛陀、世尊。』他以證智自作證後,告知這個包括天、魔、梵的世間;包括沙門婆羅門,包括天-人的世代,他教導開頭是善的、中間是善的、結尾是善的;有意義的有文字的法,他說明完全圓滿、遍純淨的梵行。又,有像那樣阿羅漢的看見,那就好了!」
  那時,沙拉的婆羅門屋主們去見世尊。抵達後,一些向世尊問訊後,在一旁坐下;一些與世尊一起互相問候。交換應該被互相問候的友好交談後,在一旁坐下;一些向世尊合掌鞠躬後,在一旁坐下;一些在世尊的面前告知姓名後,在一旁坐下;一些沈默地在一旁坐下。(92)
  世尊對在一旁坐下的沙拉的婆羅門屋主們說這個:
  「屋主們!那麼,你們有任何合意的大師:在該位上被你們有理由地得到信嗎?」
  「大德!我們沒有任何合意的大師:在該位上被我們有理由得到信。」
  「屋主們!以合意的大師未被你們得到,這個無缺點法應該被受持後轉起。屋主們!因為,當無缺點法完全地被受持時,那對你們將有長久的利益、安樂。屋主們!而什麼是無缺點法呢?(93)
  屋主們!有一些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『沒有施與的[果報],沒有祭祀的,沒有供養的,沒有善作惡作業的果、果報,沒有這個世間,沒有其他世間,沒有母親,沒有父親,沒有化生眾生,在世間中沒有正行的、正行道的沙門婆羅門凡以證智自作證後告知這個世間與其他世間。』屋主們!一些沙門婆羅門正是那些沙門婆羅門的率直反對論說者,他們這麼說:『有被施與的,有被祭祀的,有被供養的,有善作惡作業的果、果報,有這個世間,有其他世間,有母親,有父親,有化生眾生,在世間中有正行的、正行道的沙門婆羅門凡以證智自作證後告知這個世間與其他世間。』屋主們!你們怎麼想它:這些沙門婆羅門是相互的率直反對論說者,不是嗎?」
  「是的,大德!」(94)
  「屋主們!在那裡,凡那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『沒有被施與的,沒有被祭祀的……(中略)凡以證智自作證後告知這個世間與其他世間。』他們的這個能被預期:凡這身善行、語善行、意善行,回避這三種善法後,凡這個身惡行、語惡行、意惡行,將受持後轉起這三種不善法,那是什麼原因?因為,那些沙門婆羅門尊師們沒看見不善法的過患、卑下、雜染,善法在出離上的效益、明淨側。又,就存在著其他世間,『無其他世間』成為他的見,那個是他的邪見;又,就存在著其他世間,他意圖『無其他世間』,那個是他的邪志;又,就存在著其他世間,他說『無其他世間』之語,那個是他的邪語;又,就存在著其他世間,他說『無其他世間』,凡那些知道其他世間的阿羅漢,這位對他們作反對;又,就存在著其他世間,他勸說其他人『無其他世間』,那個是他的非正法勸說,且他以那個非正法勸說讚揚自己,輕蔑他人。而像這樣,他在以前的善戒被捨斷,惡戒被現起,以及這邪見、邪志、邪語、對聖者的作反對、非正法的勸說、自己的讚揚他人的輕蔑,這樣,他的這些種種以邪見為緣的惡不善法生成。
  屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『如果沒有其他世間(來世),這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,將作自己的平安;如果有其他世間,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,死後將往生苦界惡趣下界、地獄。又,任其他世間存在否;令那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的話是真的,然而,這位男子個人尊師在當生中應該被有智者呵責:「男子個人是惡戒者、邪見者、虛無論者。」如果就有其他世間,這樣,這位男子個人尊師在兩處有厄運:凡在當生中應該被有智者呵責,以及凡以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。』這樣,他的這個無缺點法沒被完全地受持,佈滿一邊後住立,捨除善處。(95)
  屋主們!在那裡,凡那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『有布施……(中略)凡以證智自作證後告知這個世間與其他世間。』他們的這個能被預期:凡這個身惡行、語惡行、意惡行,回避這三種不善法後,凡這身善行、語善行、意善行,將受持後轉起這三種善法,那是什麼原因?因為,那些沙門婆羅門尊師們看見不善法的過患、卑下、雜染,善法在出離上的效益、明淨側。又,就存在著其他世間,『有其他世間』成為他的見,那個是他的正見;又,就存在著其他世間,他意圖『有其他世間』,那個是他的正志;又,就存在著其他世間,他說『有其他世間』之語,那個是他的正語;又,就存在著其他世間,他說『有其他世間』,凡那些知道其他世間的阿羅漢,這位對他們不作反對;又,就存在著其他世間,他勸說其他人『有其他世間』,那個是他的正法勸說,且他以那個正法勸說既不讚揚自己,也不輕蔑他人。而像這樣,他在以前的惡戒被捨斷,善戒被現起,以及這正見、正志、正語、對聖者不作反對、正法勸說、無自己的讚揚無他人的輕蔑,這樣,他的這些種種以正見為緣的善法生成。
  屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『如果有其他世間,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。又,任其他世間存在否;令那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的話是真的,然而,這位男子個人尊師在當生中應該被有智者讚賞:「男子個人是善戒者、正見者、存在論者。」如果就有其他世間,這樣,這位男子個人尊師在兩處有幸運:在當生中應該被有智者讚賞,以及以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。』這樣,這無缺點法被完全地受持,佈滿兩邊後住立,捨除不善處。(96)
  屋主們!有一些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『作者、使他作者,切斷者、使他切斷者,折磨者、使他折磨者,造成悲傷者、使他造成悲傷者,造成疲勞者、使他造成疲勞者,造成悸動者、使他造成悸動者,殺生者,未給予而取者、入侵人家者、奪取(搬運)掠奪物者、作盜匪者、攔路搶劫者,通姦(走入)他人的妻子者,虛妄地說者:無惡被作,如果以剃刀輪周邊使在這大地上的生類轉成一肉聚、一肉堆,從那個因由沒有惡的,沒有惡的傳來;如果走在恒河南岸,殺者、使他殺者,切斷者、使他切斷者,折磨者、使他折磨者,從那個因由沒有惡的,沒有惡的傳來;如果走在恒河北岸,施與者、使他施與者,祭祀者、使他祭祀者,從那個因由沒有福德,沒有福德的傳來;以布施,以調御,以抑制,以真實所言的,從那個因由沒有福德,沒有福德的傳來。』屋主們!一些沙門婆羅門正是那些沙門婆羅門的率直反對論說者,他們這麼說:『作者、使他作者,切斷者、使他切斷者,折磨者、使他折磨者,造成悲傷者、使他造成悲傷者,造成疲勞者、使他造成疲勞者,造成悸動者、使他造成悸動者,殺生者,未給予而取者、入侵人家者、奪取掠奪物者、作盜匪者、攔路搶劫者,通姦他人的妻子者,虛妄地說者:惡被作,如果以剃刀輪周邊使在這大地上的生類轉成一肉聚、一肉堆,從那個因由有惡的,有惡的傳來;如果走在恒河南岸,殺者、使他殺者,切斷者、使他切斷者,折磨者、使他折磨者,從那個因由有惡的,有惡的傳來;如果走在恒河北岸,施與者、使他施與者,祭祀者、使他祭祀者,從那個因由有福德,有福德的傳來;以布施,以調御,以抑制,以真實所言的,從那個因由有福德,有福德的傳來。』屋主們!你們怎麼想它:這些沙門婆羅門是相互的率直反對論說者,不是嗎?」
  「是的,大德!」 (97)
  「屋主們!在那裡,凡那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『作者、使他作者,切斷者、使他切斷者,折磨拷打者、使他折磨拷打者,悲傷者、使他悲傷者,疲累者、使他疲累者,悸動者、使他悸動者,殺生者,未給予而取者、入侵人家者、奪取掠奪物者、作盜匪者、攔路搶劫者,通姦他人的妻子者,虛妄地說者:無惡被作,如果以剃刀輪周邊使在這大地上的生類轉成一肉聚、一肉堆,從那個因由沒有惡的,沒有惡的傳來;如果走在恒河南岸……(中略)以布施,以調御,以抑制,以真實所言的,從那個因由沒有福德,沒有福德的傳來。』他們的這個能被預期:凡這身善行、語善行、意善行,回避這三種善法後,凡這個身惡行、語惡行、意惡行,將受持後轉起這三種不善法,那是什麼原因?因為,那些沙門婆羅門尊師們沒看見不善法的過患、卑下、雜染,善法在出離上的效益、明淨側。又,就存在著作業,『無作業』成為他的見,那個是他的邪見;又,就存在著作業,他意圖『無作業』,那個是他的邪志;又,就存在著作業,他說『無作業』之語,那個是他的邪語;又,就存在著作業,他說『無作業』,凡那些作業論的阿羅漢,這位對他們作反對;又,就存在著作業,他勸說其他人『無作業』,那個是他的非正法勸說,且他以那個非正法勸說讚揚自己,輕蔑他人。而像這樣,他在以前的善戒被捨斷,惡戒被現起,以及這邪見、邪志、邪語、對聖者的作反對、非正法的勸說、自己的讚揚他人的輕蔑,這樣,他的這些種種以邪見為緣的惡不善法生成。
  屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『如果無作業,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,將作自己的平安;如果有作業,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。又,任作業存在否;令那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的話是真的,然而,這位男子個人尊師在當生中應該被有智者呵責:「男子個人是惡戒者、邪見者、無作業論者。」如果就有作業,這樣,這位男子個人尊師在兩處有厄運:在當生中應該被有智者呵責,以及以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。』這樣,這無缺點法沒被完全地受持,佈滿一邊後住立,捨除善處。(98)
  屋主們!在那裡,凡那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『作者、使他作者,切斷者、使他切斷者,折磨者、使他折磨者,造成悲傷者、使他造成悲傷者,造成疲勞者、使他造成疲勞者,造成悸動者、使他造成悸動者,殺生者,未給予而取者、入侵人家者、奪取掠奪物者、作盜匪者、攔路搶劫者,通姦他人的妻子者,虛妄地說者:惡被作,如果以剃刀輪周邊使在這大地上的生類轉成一肉聚、一肉堆,從那個因由有惡的,有惡的傳來;如果走在恒河南岸,殺者、使他殺者,切斷者、使他切斷者,折磨者、使他折磨者,從那個因由有惡的,有惡的傳來;如果走在恒河北岸,施與者、使他施與者,祭祀者、使他祭祀者,從那個因由有福德,有福德的傳來;以布施,以調御,以抑制,以真實所言的,從那個因由有福德,有福德的傳來。』他們的這個能被預期:凡這個身惡行、語惡行、意惡行,回避這三種不善法後,凡這身善行、語善行、意善行,將受持後轉起這三種善法,那是什麼原因?因為,那些沙門婆羅門尊師們看見不善法的過患、卑下、雜染,善法在出離上的效益、明淨側。又,就存在著作業,『有作業』成為他的見,那個是他的正見;又,就存在著作業,他意圖『有作業』,那個是他的正志;又,就存在著作業,他說『有作業』之語,那個是他的正語;又,就存在著作業,他說『有作業』,凡那些作業論的阿羅漢,這位對他們不作反對;又,就存在著作業,他勸說其他人『有作業』,那個是他的正法勸說,且他以那個正法勸說既不讚揚自己,也不輕蔑他人。而像這樣,他在以前的惡戒被捨斷,善戒被現起,以及這正見、正志、正語、對聖者的不作反對、正法的勸說、無自己的讚揚無他人的輕蔑,這樣,他的這些種種以正見為緣的善法生成。
  屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『如果有作業,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。又,任作業存在否;令那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的話是真的,然而,這位男子個人尊師在當生中應該被有智者讚賞:「男子個人是善戒者、正見者、作業論者。」如果就有作業,這樣,這位男子個人尊師在兩處有幸運:在當生中應該被有智者讚賞,以及以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。』這樣,這無缺點法被完全地受持,佈滿兩邊後住立,捨除不善處。(99)
  屋主們!有一些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『對眾生的污染,沒有因沒有,眾生們無因無緣地被污染;對眾生的清淨,沒有因沒有緣,眾生們無因無緣地變成清淨,沒有力,沒有活力,沒有人的力量,沒有人的努力;一切眾生、一切生物類、一切生存類、一切生命無自在力,無力,無活力,被命運、意外、本性變化在六等級中感受苦樂。』屋主們!一些沙門婆羅門正是那些沙門婆羅門的率直反對論說者,他們這麼說:『對眾生的污染,有因有緣,有因有緣眾生被污染;對眾生的清淨,有因有緣,有因有緣眾生被淨化,有力,有活力,有人的力量,有人的努力;非一切眾生、一切生物類、一切生存類、一切生命無自在力,無力,無活力,被命運、意外、本性變化而在六等級中感受苦樂。』屋主們!你們怎麼想它:這些沙門婆羅門是相互的率直反對論說者,不是嗎?」
  「是的,大德!」 (100)
  「屋主們!在那裡,凡那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『對眾生的污染,沒有因沒有緣,眾生們無因無緣地被污染;對眾生的清淨,沒有因沒有緣,眾生們無因無緣地變成清淨,沒有力,沒有活力,沒有人的力量,沒有人的努力;一切眾生、一切生物類、一切生存類、一切生命無自在力,無力,無活力,被命運、意外、本性變化而在六等級中感受苦樂。』他們的這個能被預期:凡這身善行、語善行、意善行,回避這三種善法後,凡這個身惡行、語惡行、意惡行,將受持後轉起這三種不善法,那是什麼原因?因為,那些沙門婆羅門尊師們沒看見不善法的過患、卑下、雜染,善法在出離上的效益、明淨側。又,就存在著因,『無因』成為他的見,那個是他的邪見;又,就存在著因,他意圖『無因』,那個是他的邪志;又,就存在著因,他說『無因』之語,那個是他的邪語;又,就存在著因,他說『無因』,凡那些有因論的阿羅漢,這位對他們作反對;又,就存在著因,他勸說其他人『無因』,那個是他的非正法勸說,且他以那個非正法勸說讚揚自己,輕蔑他人。而像這樣,他在以前的善戒被捨斷,惡戒被現起,以及這邪見、邪志、邪語、對聖者的作反對、非正法的勸說、自己的讚揚他人的輕蔑,這樣,他的這些種種以邪見為緣的惡不善法生成。
  屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『如果無因,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,將作自己的平安;如果有因,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。又,任因存在否;令那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的話是真的,然而,這位男子個人尊師在當生中應該被有智者呵責:「男子個人是惡戒者、邪見者、無因論者。」如果就有因,這樣,這位男子個人尊師在兩處有厄運:在當生中應該被有智者呵責,以及以身體的崩解,死後往生苦界、惡趣、下界、地獄。』這樣,這無缺點法沒被完全地受持,佈滿一邊後住立,捨除善處。(101)
  屋主們!在那裡,凡那些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『對眾生的污染,有因有緣,有因有緣眾生被污染;對眾生的清淨,有因有緣,有因有緣眾生被淨化,有力,有活力,有人的力量,有人的努力;非一切眾生、一切生物類、一切生存類、一切生命無自在力,無力,無活力,被命運、意外、本性變化而在六等級中感受苦樂。』他們的這個能被預期:凡這個身惡行、語惡行、意惡行,回避這三種不善法後,凡這身善行、語善行、意善行,將受持後轉起這三種善法,那是什麼原因?因為,那些沙門婆羅門尊師們看見不善法的過患、卑下、雜染,善法在出離上的效益、明淨側。又,就存在著因,『有因』成為他的見,那個是他的正見;又,就存在著因,他意圖『有因』,那個是他的正志;又,就存在著因,他說『有因』之語,那個是他的正語;又,就存在著因,他說『有因』,凡那些有因論的阿羅漢,這位對他們不作反對;又,就存在著因,他勸說其他人『有因』,那個是他的正法勸說,且他以那個正法勸說既不讚揚自己,也不輕蔑他人。而像這樣,他在以前的惡戒被捨斷,善戒被現起,以及這正見、正志、正語、對聖者不作反對、正法勸說、無自己的讚揚無他人的輕蔑,這樣,他的這些種種以正見為緣的善法生成。
  屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『如果有因,這樣,這位男子個人尊師以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。又,任因存在否;令那些沙門婆羅門尊師們的話是真的,然而,這位男子個人尊師在當生中應該被有智者讚賞:「男子個人是善戒者、正見者、有因論者。」如果就有因,這樣,這位男子個人尊師在兩處有幸運:在當生中應該被有智者讚賞,以及以身體的崩解,死後往生善趣、天界。』這樣,這無缺點法被完全地受持,佈滿兩邊後住立,捨除不善處。(102)
  屋主們!有一些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『一切無色界不存在。』屋主們!一些沙門婆羅門正是那些沙門婆羅門的率直反對論說者,他們這麼說:『一切無色界存在。』屋主們!你們怎麼想它:這些沙門婆羅門是相互的率直反對論說者,不是嗎?」
  「是的,大德!」
  「屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切無色界不存在。」這個沒被我看見;凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切無色界存在。」這個也不被我知道。又,我是不知者,同時也不見者,如果就取一邊後斷定(說):「這才是真實的,其它都是空虛的。」這對我是不適當的。凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切無色界不存在。」如果那些沙門婆羅門尊師的話是真的,這存在可能性:凡那些有色的、意所生的天,我的往生將無缺點地是在那裡;又,凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切無色界存在。」如果那些沙門婆羅門尊師的話是真的,這存在可能性:凡那些無色的、想所生的天,我的往生處將無缺點地是在那裡。又,因為色,棍棒的拿取、刀的拿取、鬥諍、異執、諍論、指責、離間語、妄語被看見,但,這在一切無色界處不存在。』他像這樣深慮後,就成為對色為了離貪滅的行者。(103)
  屋主們!有一些這樣說、這樣見的沙門婆羅門:『一切有的滅不存在。』屋主們!一些沙門婆羅門正是那些沙門婆羅門的率直反對論說者,他們這麼說:『一切有的滅存在。』屋主們!你們怎麼想它:這些沙門婆羅門是相互的率直反對論說者,不是嗎?」
  「是的,大德!」
  「屋主們!在那裡,有智的男子像這樣深慮:『凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切有的滅不存在。」這個沒被我看見;凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切有的滅存在。」這個也不被我知道。又,我是不知者,同時也不見者,如果就取一邊後斷定:「這才是真實的,其它都是空虛的。」這對我是不適當的。凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切有的滅不存在。」如果那些沙門婆羅門尊師的話是真的,這存在可能性:凡那些無色的、想所生的天,我的往生處將無缺點地是在那裡。又,凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切有的滅存在。」如果那些沙門婆羅門尊師的話是真的,這存在可能性:凡我將當生證涅槃。凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切有的滅不存在。」他們的這個見在貪著附近,在結縛附近,在歡喜附近,在取著附近,在執取附近。又,凡那些沙門婆羅門尊師是這樣知者、這樣見者:「一切有的滅存在。」他們的這個見在無貪著附近,在無結縛附近,在無歡喜附近,在無取著附近,在無執取附近。』[MN.74]他像這樣深慮後,就成為對有為了厭、離貪、滅的行者。(104)
  屋主們!有這四種現在的世間中存在的人,哪四種?屋主們!這裡,某一類人是使自己痛苦者(自己苦行者),致力於使自己痛苦之實踐。屋主們!這裡,某一類人是使他人痛苦者,致力於使他人痛苦之實踐。屋主們!這裡,某一類人是使自己痛苦者,致力於使自己痛苦之實踐,以及是使他人痛苦者,致力於使他人痛苦之實踐。屋主們!這裡,某一類人是既不使自己痛苦者,不致力於使自己痛苦之實踐,也是不使他人痛苦者,不致力於使他人痛苦之實踐,他是不使自己痛苦者、不使他人痛苦者、當生無飢渴者、達涅槃者、清涼已生者、感受樂者,住於以自己為梵已生者。(105)
  屋主們!而哪種人是使自己痛苦者,致力於使自己痛苦之實踐呢?屋主們!這裡,某人是裸行者、脫離正行者、舔手者……(中略)[MN.51]像這樣,他住於為許多種像這樣形色身體的苦行折磨的致力實踐者,屋主們!這種人被稱為自己是苦行者,致力於自己苦行之實踐。
  屋主們!而哪種人是使他人痛苦者,致力於使他人痛苦之實踐呢?屋主們!這裡,某人是屠羊者、屠豬者……(中略)任何其它殘忍的工作者,屋主們!這種人被稱為令他人苦行者,致力於令他人苦行之實踐。
  屋主們!而哪種人是使自己痛苦者,致力於使自己痛苦之實踐,以及是使他人痛苦者,致力於使他人痛苦之實踐呢?屋主們!這裡,某人是剎帝利灌頂王……(中略)又,凡他的那些『奴僕』或『僕人』或『工人』,他們也被棍棒威脅地、被恐懼威脅地、淚滿面哭泣著作準備。屋主們!這種人被稱為自己是苦行者,致力於自己苦行之實踐,也是令他人苦行者,致力於令他人苦行之實踐。
  屋主們!而哪種人是既不使自己痛苦者,也不致力於使自己痛苦之實踐,是不使他人痛苦者,不致力於使他人痛苦之實踐,他是不使自己痛苦者、不使他人痛苦者、當生無飢渴者、達涅槃者、清涼已生者、感受樂者,住於以自己為梵已生者呢?屋主們!這裡,如來阿羅漢遍正覺者明行具足者善逝世間知者應該被調御人的無上調御者天-人們的大師佛陀世尊在世間出現……(中略)[MN.27, 291-296段]他捨斷這些心的隨雜染慧的減弱的五蓋後,就從離諸欲後,從離諸不善法後,進入後住於有尋、有伺離而生喜、樂的初禪,從尋與伺的平息,自身內的明淨心的專一性,進入後住於無尋、無伺,定而生喜、樂的第二禪,從喜的褪去、住於平靜、有念正知、以身體感受樂,進入後住於凡聖者們告知『他是平靜者、具念者、安樂住者』的第三禪,從樂的捨斷與從苦的捨斷,就在之前諸喜悅、憂的滅沒,進入後住於不苦不樂,平靜、念遍純淨的第四禪。
  他在心是這樣入定的、遍純淨的、淨化的、無穢的、離隨雜染的、柔軟的、適合作業的、住立的、到達不動的時,使心轉向前世住處回憶智。他回憶(隨念)許多前世住處,即:一生、二生……(中略)像這樣,回憶許多有行相的、有境遇的前世住處。
  他在心是這樣入定的、遍純淨的、淨化的、無穢的、離隨雜染的、柔軟的、適合作業的、住立的、到達不動的時,使心轉向眾生死亡往生智,以清淨、超越常人的天眼,看見當眾生死時、往生時,在下劣、勝妙,美、醜,幸、不幸中……(中略)知道眾生依業到達的。
  他在心是這樣入定的、遍純淨的、淨化的、無穢的、離隨雜染的、柔軟的、適合作業的、住立的、到達不動的時,使心轉向諸漏的滅盡智。他如實知道:『這是苦。』……(中略)如實知道:『這是導向漏滅道跡。』當他這樣知、這樣見時,心從欲漏被解脫,心也從有漏被解脫,心也從無明漏被解脫。在解脫時,有『[這是]解脫』之智,他知道:『出生已盡梵行已完成應該被作的已作不再有此處[輪迴]的狀態。』屋主們!這種人被稱為是既不使自己痛苦者,也不致力於使自己痛苦之實踐,是不使他人痛苦者,不致力於使他人痛苦之實踐,他是不使自己痛苦者、不使他人痛苦者、當生無飢渴者、達涅槃者、清涼已生者、感受樂者,住於以自己為梵已生者。」
  在這麼說時,沙拉的婆羅門屋主們對世尊說這個:
  「太偉大了,喬達摩尊師!太偉大了,喬達摩尊師!喬達摩尊師!猶如扶正顛倒的,或揭開隱藏的,或告知迷路者的道路,或在黑暗中持燈火:『有眼者們看見諸色。』同樣的,法被喬達摩尊師以種種法門說明。這些我們歸依喬達摩尊師、法、比丘僧團,請喬達摩尊師記得我們為優婆塞,從今天起已終生歸依。」(106)
  無缺點經第十終了。
  屋主品第一終了,其攝頌
  耿達勒葛、[八]城人、有學,與迫得利亞、再來是養子耆婆,
  優婆離之調伏、狗、無畏,許多能被感受的、無缺點為第十的。
MN.60/(10) Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ
   92. Evaṃ me sutaṃ– ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ yena sālā nāma kosalānaṃ brāhmaṇagāmo tadavasari. Assosuṃ kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā– “samaṇo khalu bho gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito kosalesu cārikaṃ caramāno mahatā bhikkhusaṅghena saddhiṃ sālaṃ anuppatto. Taṃ kho pana bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ evaṃ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato– ‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṃ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṃ buddho bhagavā’ti. So imaṃ lokaṃ sadevakaṃ samārakaṃ sabrahmakaṃ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṃ pajaṃ sadevamanussaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti. So dhammaṃ deseti ādikalyāṇaṃ majjhekalyāṇaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇaṃ sātthaṃ sabyañjanaṃ, kevalaparipuṇṇaṃ parisuddhaṃ brahmacariyaṃ pakāseti. Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṃ arahataṃ dassanaṃ hotī”ti. Atha kho sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃsu; upasaṅkamitvā appekacce bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavatā saddhiṃ sammodiṃsu; sammodanīyaṃ kathaṃ sāraṇīyaṃ vītisāretvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce yena bhagavā tenañjaliṃ paṇāmetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce bhagavato santike nāmagottaṃ sāvetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu. Appekacce tuṇhībhūtā ekamantaṃ nisīdiṃsu.
   93. Ekamantaṃ nisinne kho sāleyyake brāhmaṇagahapatike bhagavā etadavoca– “atthi pana vo, gahapatayo, koci manāpo satthā yasmiṃ vo ākāravatī saddhā paṭiladdhā”ti? “Natthi kho no, bhante, koci manāpo satthā yasmiṃ no ākāravatī saddhā paṭiladdhā”ti. “Manāpaṃ vo, gahapatayo, satthāraṃ alabhantehi ayaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo samādāya vattitabbo. Apaṇṇako hi, gahapatayo, dhammo samatto samādinno, so vo bhavissati dīgharattaṃ hitāya sukhāya. Katamo ca, gahapatayo, apaṇṇako dhammo”?
   94. “Santi gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ, natthi hutaṃ; natthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko, natthi ayaṃ loko, natthi paro loko; natthi mātā, natthi pitā; natthi sattā opapātikā; natthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu– ‘atthi dinnaṃ, atthi yiṭṭhaṃ, atthi hutaṃ; atthi sukatadukkaṭānaṃ kammānaṃ phalaṃ vipāko; atthi ayaṃ loko, atthi paro loko; atthi mātā, atthi pitā; atthi sattā opapātikā; atthi loke samaṇabrāhmaṇā sammaggatā sammā paṭipannā ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo– ‘nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”.
   95. “Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi dinnaṃ, natthi yiṭṭhaṃ …pe… ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ – ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ– ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘natthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ– ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
   “Tatra gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘sace kho natthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho– dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi natthikavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho– yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
   96. “Tatra gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘atthi dinnaṃ …pe… ye imañca lokaṃ parañca lokaṃ sayaṃ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ– ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ– ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti āha; ye te arahanto paralokaviduno tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana paraṃ lokaṃ ‘atthi paro loko’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ– ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
   “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘sace kho atthi paro loko evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu paro loko, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso– sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi atthikavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva paro loko, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho– yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
   97. “Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; natthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā te evamāhaṃsu – ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento; atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento; atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”.
   98. “Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto na karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, natthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, natthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento …pe… dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena natthi puññaṃ, natthi puññassa āgamo’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ– ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ– ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti āha, ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘natthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ– ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
   “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘sace kho natthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi kiriyā evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho– dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi akiriyavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho– yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
   99. “Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘karoto kārayato, chindato chedāpayato, pacato pācāpayato, socayato socāpayato, kilamato kilamāpayato, phandato phandāpayato, pāṇamatipātayato, adinnaṃ ādiyato, sandhiṃ chindato, nillopaṃ harato, ekāgārikaṃ karoto, paripanthe tiṭṭhato, paradāraṃ gacchato, musā bhaṇato; karoto karīyati pāpaṃ. Khurapariyantena cepi cakkena yo imissā pathaviyā pāṇe ekaṃ maṃsakhalaṃ ekaṃ maṃsapuñjaṃ kareyya, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Dakkhiṇañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya hananto ghātento, chindanto chedāpento, pacanto pācento, atthi tatonidānaṃ pāpaṃ, atthi pāpassa āgamo. Uttarañcepi gaṅgāya tīraṃ gaccheyya dadanto dāpento, yajanto yajāpento, atthi tatonidānaṃ puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo. Dānena damena saṃyamena saccavajjena atthi puññaṃ, atthi puññassa āgamo’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ manoduccaritaṃ– ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ– ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti āha; ye te arahanto kiriyavādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana kiriyaṃ ‘atthi kiriyā’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ– ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
   “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘sace kho atthi kiriyā, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu kiriyā, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso– sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi kiriyavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva kiriyā, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho– yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
   100. “Santi gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu– ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā’ti? ‘Evaṃ, bhante’.
   101. “Tatra gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; ahetū appaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Natthi hetu, natthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; ahetū appaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Natthi balaṃ, natthi vīriyaṃ, natthi purisathāmo, natthi purisaparakkamo; sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ– ime tayo kusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ– ime tayo akusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Na hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā passanti akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti micchādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti svāssa hoti micchāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti micchāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti āha; ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘natthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti asaddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana asaddhammasaññattiyā attānukkaṃseti, paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa susīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, dussīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ– ayañca micchādiṭṭhi micchāsaṅkappo micchāvācā ariyānaṃ paccanīkatā asaddhammasaññatti attānukkaṃsanā paravambhanā. Evamassime aneke pāpakā akusalā dhammā sambhavanti micchādiṭṭhipaccayā.
   “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘sace kho natthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sotthimattānaṃ karissati; sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho– dussīlo purisapuggalo micchādiṭṭhi ahetukavādo’ti. Sace kho attheva hetu, evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaliggaho yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ gārayho, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā apāyaṃ duggatiṃ vinipātaṃ nirayaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo dussamatto samādinno, ekaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati kusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
   102. “Tatra, gahapatayo, ye te samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ saṃkilesāya; sahetū sappaccayā sattā saṃkilissanti. Atthi hetu, atthi paccayo sattānaṃ visuddhiyā; sahetū sappaccayā sattā visujjhanti. Atthi balaṃ, atthi vīriyaṃ, atthi purisathāmo, atthi purisaparakkamo; na sabbe sattā sabbe pāṇā sabbe bhūtā sabbe jīvā avasā abalā avīriyā niyatisaṃgatibhāvapariṇatā chasvevābhijātīsu sukhadukkhaṃ paṭisaṃvedentī’ti tesametaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ: yamidaṃ kāyaduccaritaṃ, vacīduccaritaṃ, manoduccaritaṃ– ime tayo akusale dhamme abhinivajjetvā yamidaṃ kāyasucaritaṃ, vacīsucaritaṃ, manosucaritaṃ– ime tayo kusale dhamme samādāya vattissanti. Taṃ kissa hetu? Passanti hi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā akusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ādīnavaṃ okāraṃ saṃkilesaṃ, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ nekkhamme ānisaṃsaṃ vodānapakkhaṃ. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ tissa diṭṭhi hoti; sāssa hoti sammādiṭṭhi. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti saṅkappeti; svāssa hoti sammāsaṅkappo. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti vācaṃ bhāsati; sāssa hoti sammāvācā. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti āha, ye te arahanto hetuvādā tesamayaṃ na paccanīkaṃ karoti. Santaṃyeva kho pana hetuṃ ‘atthi hetū’ti paraṃ saññāpeti; sāssa hoti saddhammasaññatti. Tāya ca pana saddhammasaññattiyā nevattānukkaṃseti, na paraṃ vambheti. Iti pubbeva kho panassa dussīlyaṃ pahīnaṃ hoti, susīlyaṃ paccupaṭṭhitaṃ– ayañca sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā ariyānaṃ apaccanīkatā saddhammasaññatti anattukkaṃsanā aparavambhanā. Evamassime aneke kusalā dhammā sambhavanti sammādiṭṭhipaccayā.
   “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘sace kho atthi hetu, evamayaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Kāmaṃ kho pana māhu hetu, hotu nesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ; atha ca panāyaṃ bhavaṃ purisapuggalo diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso– sīlavā purisapuggalo sammādiṭṭhi hetuvādo’ti. Sace kho atthi hetu evaṃ imassa bhoto purisapuggalassa ubhayattha kaṭaggaho yañca diṭṭheva dhamme viññūnaṃ pāsaṃso, yañca kāyassa bhedā paraṃ maraṇā sugatiṃ saggaṃ lokaṃ upapajjissati. Evamassāyaṃ apaṇṇako dhammo susamatto samādinno, ubhayaṃsaṃ pharitvā tiṭṭhati, riñcati akusalaṃ ṭhānaṃ.
   103. “Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu– ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Tatra gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati– ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ– idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati– ye te devā rūpino manomayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino – ‘atthi sabbaso āruppā’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati– ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā, apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Dissanti kho pana rūpādhikaraṇaṃ daṇḍādāna-satthādāna-kalaha-viggaha-vivāda-tuvaṃtuvaṃ-pesuñña-musāvādā. ‘Natthi kho panetaṃ sabbaso arūpe’”ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya rūpānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
   104. “Santi, gahapatayo, eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti. Tesaṃyeva kho, gahapatayo, samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ eke samaṇabrāhmaṇā ujuvipaccanīkavādā. Te evamāhaṃsu– ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti. Taṃ kiṃ maññatha, gahapatayo, nanume samaṇabrāhmaṇā aññamaññassa ujuvipaccanīkavādā”ti? “Evaṃ, bhante”. “Tatra, gahapatayo, viññū puriso iti paṭisañcikkhati – ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me adiṭṭhaṃ; yepi te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, idaṃ me aviditaṃ. Ahañceva kho pana ajānanto apassanto ekaṃsena ādāya vohareyyaṃ– idameva saccaṃ, moghamaññanti, na metaṃ assa patirūpaṃ. Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati– ye te devā arūpino saññāmayā apaṇṇakaṃ me tatrūpapatti bhavissati. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, sace tesaṃ bhavataṃ samaṇabrāhmaṇānaṃ saccaṃ vacanaṃ, ṭhānametaṃ vijjati– yaṃ diṭṭheva dhamme parinibbāyissāmi Ye kho te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘natthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi sārāgāya santike, saṃyogāya santike, abhinandanāya santike, ajjhosānāya santike, upādānāya santike. Ye pana te bhonto samaṇabrāhmaṇā evaṃvādino evaṃdiṭṭhino– ‘atthi sabbaso bhavanirodho’ti, tesamayaṃ diṭṭhi asārāgāya santike, asaṃyogāya santike, anabhinandanāya santike, anajjhosānāya santike, anupādānāya santike’”ti. So iti paṭisaṅkhāya bhavānaṃyeva nibbidāya virāgāya nirodhāya paṭipanno hoti.
   105. “Cattārome, gahapatayo, puggalā santo saṃvijjamānā lokasmiṃ. Katame cattāro? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo parantapo hoti paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo attantapo ca hoti attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto. Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo nevattantapo hoti nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati.
   106. “Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo acelako hoti muttācāro hatthāpalekhano …pe… iti evarūpaṃ anekavihitaṃ kāyassa ātāpanaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto viharati. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
   “Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo orabbhiko hoti sūkariko …pe… ye vā panaññepi keci kurūrakammantā. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo parantapo paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
   “Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto? Idha, gahapatayo, ekacco puggalo rājā vā hoti khattiyo muddhāvasitto …pe… tepi daṇḍatajjitā bhayatajjitā assumukhā rudamānā parikammāni karonti. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo attantapo ca attaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto parantapo ca paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto.
   “Katamo ca, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharati? Idha, gahapatayo, tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṃ sammāsambuddho …pe… so ime pañca nīvaraṇe pahāya cetaso upakkilese paññāya dubbalīkaraṇe vivicceva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi savitakkaṃ savicāraṃ vivekajaṃ pītisukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati. Vitakkavicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodibhāvaṃ avitakkaṃ avicāraṃ samādhijaṃ pītisukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ …pe… tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ… catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.
   “So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati seyyathidaṃ– ekampi jātiṃ dvepi jātiyo …pe… iti sākāraṃ sa-uddesaṃ anekavihitaṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarati. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte sattānaṃ cutūpapātañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So dibbena cakkhunā visuddhena atikkantamānusakena satte passati cavamāne upapajjamāne hīne paṇīte suvaṇṇe dubbaṇṇe, sugate duggate …pe… yathākammūpage satte pajānāti. So evaṃ samāhite citte parisuddhe pariyodāte anaṅgaṇe vigatūpakkilese mudubhūte kammaniye ṭhite āneñjappatte āsavānaṃ khayañāṇāya cittaṃ abhininnāmeti. So ‘idaṃ dukkhan’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti …pe… ‘ayaṃ āsavanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti. Tassa evaṃ jānato evaṃ passato kāmāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, bhavāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati, avijjāsavāpi cittaṃ vimuccati. Vimuttasmiṃ vimuttamiti ñāṇaṃ hoti. ‘Khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ayaṃ vuccati, gahapatayo, puggalo nevattantapo nāttaparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto na parantapo na paraparitāpanānuyogamanuyutto; so anattantapo aparantapo diṭṭheva dhamme nicchāto nibbuto sītībhūto sukhappaṭisaṃvedī brahmabhūtena attanā viharatī”ti.
   Evaṃ vutte, sāleyyakā brāhmaṇagahapatikā bhagavantaṃ etadavocuṃ– “abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama, abhikkantaṃ, bho gotama! Seyyathāpi, bho gotama, nikkujjitaṃ vā ukkujjeyya, paṭicchannaṃ vā vivareyya, mūḷhassa vā maggaṃ ācikkheyya, andhakāre vā telapajjotaṃ dhāreyya ‘cakkhumanto rūpāni dakkhantī’ti; evamevaṃ bhotā gotamena anekapariyāyena dhammo pakāsito. Ete mayaṃ bhavantaṃ gotamaṃ saraṇaṃ gacchāma dhammañca bhikkhusaṅghañca. Upāsake no bhavaṃ gotamo dhāretu ajjatagge pāṇupetaṃ saraṇaṃ gate”ti.
   Apaṇṇakasuttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ dasamaṃ.
   Gahapativaggo niṭṭhito paṭhamo.
   Tassuddānaṃ–
   Kandaranāgarasekhavato ca, potaliyo puna jīvakabhacco;
   Upālidamatho kukkura-abhayo, bahuvedanīyāpaṇṇakato dasamo.
漢巴經文比對(莊春江作):
  「任其他世間存在否」(Kāmaṃ… māhu paro loko),智髻比丘長老英譯為「讓我假設沒有其他世界」(let me assume that there is no other world),坦尼沙羅比丘長老英譯為「即使我們不說下一世」(Even if we didn't speak of the next world)。按:「存在否」(māhu),解讀為mā+ahu。按:未見《破斥猶豫》對此句解說。
  「厄運」(kaliggaho,另譯為「輸掉的擲骰子,惡果」),菩提比丘長老英譯為「作了一個不幸之擲」(casts an unlucky throw/AN.3.29, has made an unlucky throw/MN.60)。按:《破斥猶豫》以「挫敗的捕獲者」(parājayaggāho)解說,《滿足希求》說,在此世與來世兩處他是失敗的捕獲者(aparaddhaggāho),挫敗的捕獲者。