增支部5集48經/不能被得到的情況經(莊春江譯)
「
比丘們!有這五種不能被沙門,或被婆羅門,或被天,或被魔,或被梵,或被世間中任何人得到的情況,哪五個呢?『願
老法不要變老』是被沙門,或被婆羅門,或被天,或被魔,或被梵,或被世間中任何人得到的情況;『願病法不要生病』……(中略)『願死法不要死』……『願滅盡法不要被滅盡』……『願消失法不要消失』是被沙門,或被婆羅門,或被天,或被魔,或被梵,或被世間中任何人得到的情況。
比丘們!
未聽聞的一般人之老法變老;當老法變老時,他不像這樣深慮:『不只我的老法變老,但來、去;死沒、往生的眾生之所及,一切眾生的老法[都]變老。當老法變老時,如果我悲傷、疲累、悲泣、搥胸地號哭,來到迷亂,
我會沒食慾,身體也會進入醜陋,不能繼續進行工作,敵人會高興,朋友會悲傷。』當老法變老時,他悲傷、疲累、悲泣、搥胸地號哭,來到迷亂,比丘們!這被稱為:『未聽聞的一般人被有毒的愁箭刺穿,他徒然折磨自己。』
再者,比丘們!未聽聞的一般人之病法生病……(中略)死法死去……滅盡法被滅盡……消失法消失;當消失法消失時,他不像這樣深慮:『不只我的消失法消失,但來、去;死沒、往生的眾生之所及,一切眾生的消失法[都]消失。當消失法消失時,如果我悲傷、疲累、悲泣、搥胸地號哭,來到迷亂,我會沒食慾,身體也會進入醜陋,不能繼續進行工作,敵人會高興,朋友會悲傷。』當消失法消失時,他悲傷、疲累、悲泣、搥胸地號哭,來到迷亂,比丘們!這被稱為:『未聽聞的一般人被有毒的愁箭刺穿,他徒然折磨自己。』
比丘們!
有聽聞的聖弟子之老法變老;當老法變老時,他像這樣深慮:『不只我的老法變老,但來、去;死沒、往生的眾生之所及,一切眾生的老法[都]變老。當老法變老時,如果我悲傷、疲累、悲泣、搥胸地號哭,來到迷亂,我會沒食慾,身體也會進入醜陋,不能繼續進行工作,敵人會高興,朋友會悲傷。』當老法變老時,他不悲傷、不疲累、不悲泣、不搥胸地號哭,不來到迷亂,比丘們!這被稱為:『有聽聞的聖弟子拔除那未聽聞的一般人被刺穿而徒然折磨自己的有毒愁箭。』無愁、離惱的聖弟子就使自己般涅槃。
再者,比丘們!有聽聞的聖弟子之病法生病……(中略)死法死去……滅盡法被滅盡……消失法消失;當消失法消失時,他像這樣深慮:『不只我的消失法消失,但來、去;死沒、往生的眾生之所及,一切眾生的消失法[都]消失。當消失法消失時,如果我悲傷、疲累、悲泣、搥胸地號哭,來到迷亂,我會沒食慾,身體也會進入醜陋,不能繼續進行工作,敵人會高興,朋友會悲傷。』當消失法消失時,他不悲傷、不疲累、不悲泣、不搥胸地號哭,不來到迷亂,比丘們!這被稱為:『有聽聞的聖弟子拔除那未聽聞的一般人被刺穿而徒然折磨自己的有毒愁箭。』無愁、離惱的聖弟子就使自己般涅槃。
比丘們!這些是五種不能被沙門,或被婆羅門,或被天,或被魔,或被梵,或被世間中任何人得到的情況。」
「這裡非以憂愁、悲泣,而獲得微少的利益,
知道他悲傷、痛苦後,怨敵高興。
當賢智者在災禍中不戰慄,
知道辨別的利益,
看見昔日面貌沒改變,[就]有怨敵的痛苦。
以祈願、咒語、善語,
以施與或以傳統,
只要能得到目標處,就應該往該處努力。
如果了知,這個目標不能被我或其他人得到,
不悲傷、能接受:業是堅固的,如今我[又]能做什麼呢?」
AN.5.48/ 8. Alabbhanīyaṭhānasuttaṃ
48. “Pañcimāni, bhikkhave, alabbhanīyāni ṭhānāni samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. Katamāni pañca? ‘Jarādhammaṃ mā jīrī’ti alabbhanīyaṃ ṭhānaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ. ‘Byādhidhammaṃ mā byādhīyī’ti …pe… ‘maraṇadhammaṃ mā mīyī’ti… ‘khayadhammaṃ mā khīyī’ti… ‘nassanadhammaṃ mā nassī’ti alabbhanīyaṃ ṭhānaṃ samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmiṃ.
“Assutavato bhikkhave, puthujjanassa jarādhammaṃ jīrati. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe na iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘na kho mayhevekassa jarādhammaṃ jīrati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṃ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ jarādhammaṃ jīrati. Ahañceva kho pana jarādhamme jiṇṇe soceyyaṃ kilameyyaṃ parideveyyaṃ, urattāḷiṃ kandeyyaṃ, sammohaṃ āpajjeyyaṃ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṃ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṃ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave– ‘assutavā puthujjano viddho savisena sokasallena attānaṃyeva paritāpeti’”.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, assutavato puthujjanassa byādhidhammaṃ byādhīyati …pe… maraṇadhammaṃ mīyati… khayadhammaṃ khīyati… nassanadhammaṃ nassati. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe na iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘na kho mayhevekassa nassanadhammaṃ nassati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṃ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ nassanadhammaṃ nassati. Ahañceva kho pana nassanadhamme naṭṭhe soceyyaṃ kilameyyaṃ parideveyyaṃ, urattāḷiṃ kandeyyaṃ sammohaṃ āpajjeyyaṃ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṃ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṃ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe socati kilamati paridevati, urattāḷiṃ kandati, sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave– ‘assutavā puthujjano viddho savisena sokasallena attānaṃyeva paritāpeti’”.
“Sutavato ca kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvakassa jarādhammaṃ jīrati. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe iti paṭisañcikkhati– ‘na kho mayhevekassa jarādhammaṃ jīrati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṃ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ jarādhammaṃ jīrati. Ahañceva kho pana jarādhamme jiṇṇe soceyyaṃ kilameyyaṃ parideveyyaṃ, urattāḷiṃ kandeyyaṃ, sammohaṃ āpajjeyyaṃ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṃ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṃ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So jarādhamme jiṇṇe na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave– ‘sutavā ariyasāvako abbuhi savisaṃ sokasallaṃ, yena viddho assutavā puthujjano attānaṃyeva paritāpeti. Asoko visallo ariyasāvako attānaṃyeva parinibbāpeti’”.
“Puna caparaṃ, bhikkhave, sutavato ariyasāvakassa byādhidhammaṃ byādhīyati …pe… maraṇadhammaṃ mīyati… khayadhammaṃ khīyati… nassanadhammaṃ nassati. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe iti paṭisañcikkhati – ‘na kho mayhevekassa nassanadhammaṃ nassati, atha kho yāvatā sattānaṃ āgati gati cuti upapatti sabbesaṃ sattānaṃ nassanadhammaṃ nassati. Ahañceva kho pana nassanadhamme naṭṭhe soceyyaṃ kilameyyaṃ parideveyyaṃ, urattāḷiṃ kandeyyaṃ, sammohaṃ āpajjeyyaṃ, bhattampi me nacchādeyya, kāyepi dubbaṇṇiyaṃ okkameyya, kammantāpi nappavatteyyuṃ, amittāpi attamanā assu, mittāpi dummanā assū’ti. So nassanadhamme naṭṭhe na socati na kilamati na paridevati, na urattāḷiṃ kandati, na sammohaṃ āpajjati. Ayaṃ vuccati, bhikkhave– ‘sutavā ariyasāvako abbuhi savisaṃ sokasallaṃ, yena viddho assutavā puthujjano attānaṃyeva paritāpeti. Asoko visallo ariyasāvako attānaṃyeva parinibbāpetī’”ti.
“Imāni kho, bhikkhave, pañca alabbhanīyāni ṭhānāni samaṇena vā brāhmaṇena vā devena vā mārena vā brahmunā vā kenaci vā lokasmin”ti.
“Na socanāya paridevanāya, atthodha labbhā api appakopi.
Socantamenaṃ dukhitaṃ viditvā, paccatthikā attamanā bhavanti.
“Yato ca kho paṇḍito āpadāsu, na vedhatī atthavinicchayaññū.
Paccatthikāssa dukhitā bhavanti, disvā mukhaṃ avikāraṃ purāṇaṃ.
“Jappena mantena subhāsitena, anuppadānena paveṇiyā vā.
Yathā yathā yattha labhetha atthaṃ, tathā tathā tattha parakkameyya.
“Sace pajāneyya alabbhaneyyo, mayāva aññena vā esa attho.
Asocamāno adhivāsayeyya, kammaṃ daḷhaṃ kinti karomi dānī”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.