增支部3集69經/其他外道者經(莊春江譯)
「
比丘們!如果
其他外道遊行者們這麼問:『
道友們!有這三法,哪三個?貪、瞋、癡,道友們!這是三法。道友們!這三法中,什麼是差別,什麼是不同,什麼是區別?』比丘們!被這麼問,你們應該怎樣回答那些其他外道遊行者?」
「
大德!我們的法是
世尊為根本的、
世尊為導引的、世尊為依歸的,大德!就請世尊說明這個所說的義理,
那就好了!聽聞世尊的[教說]後,比丘們將會
憶持。」「比丘們!那樣的話,你們要聽!你們要
好好作意!我將說。」「是的,
大德!」那些比丘回答世尊。世尊說這個:
「比丘們!如果其他外道遊行者們這麼問:『
道友們!有這三法,哪三個?貪、瞋、癡,道友們!這是三法。道友們!這三法中,什麼是差別,什麼是不同,什麼是區別?』比丘們!被這麼問,你們應該這麼回答那些其他外道遊行者:『道友們!貪是少罪過的、徐緩褪去的;瞋是大罪過的、急速褪去的;癡是大罪過的、徐緩褪去的。』
『 道友們!又,什麼因、什麼
緣,以那個,未生起的貪生起,或已生起的貪轉起增大、成滿?』『「
淨相」,對那個應該被回答。當他不
如理作意淨相時,未生起的貪生起,或已生起的貪轉起增大、成滿。道友們!這是因、這是緣,以那個,未生起的貪生起,或已生起的貪轉起增大、成滿。』
『 道友們!又,什麼因、什麼緣,以那個,未生起的瞋生起,或已生起的瞋轉起增大、成滿呢?』『「
嫌惡相」,對那個應該被回答。當他不如理作意嫌惡相時,未生起的瞋生起,或已生起的瞋轉起增大、成滿。道友們!這是因、這是緣,以那個,未生起的瞋生起,或已生起的瞋轉起增大、成滿。』
『 道友們!又,什麼因、什麼緣,以那個,未生起的癡生起,或已生起的癡轉起增大、成滿呢?』『「不如理作意」,對那個應該被回答。當他不如理作意時,未生起的癡生起,或已生起的癡轉起增大、成滿。道友們!這是因、這是緣,以那個,未生起的癡生起,或已生起的癡轉起增大、成滿。』
『 道友們!又,什麼因、什麼緣,以那個,未生起的貪不生起,連同已生起的貪被捨斷?』『「
不淨相」,對那個應該被回答。當他如理作意不淨相時,未生起的貪不生起,連同已生起的貪被捨斷。道友們!這是因、這是緣,以那個,未生起的貪不生起,連同已生起的貪被捨斷。』
『 道友們!又,什麼因、什麼緣,以那個,未生起的瞋不生起,連同已生起的瞋被捨斷?』『「
慈心解脫」,對那個應該被回答。當他如理作意慈心解脫時,未生起的瞋不生起,連同已生起的瞋被捨斷。道友們!這是因、這是緣,以那個,未生起的瞋不生起,連同已生起的瞋被捨斷。』
『 道友們!又,什麼因、什麼緣,以那個,未生起的癡不生起,連同已生起的癡被捨斷?』『「如理作意」,對那個應該被回答。當他如理作意時,未生起的癡不生起,連同已生起的癡被捨斷。道友們!這是因、這是緣,以那個,未生起的癡不生起,連同已生起的癡被捨斷。』」
AN.3.69/ 8. Aññatitthiyasuttaṃ
69. “Sace, bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ– ‘tayome, āvuso, dhammā. Katame tayo? Rāgo, doso, moho ime kho, āvuso, tayo dhammā. Imesaṃ, āvuso, tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ ko viseso ko adhippayāso kiṃ nānākaraṇan’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ kinti byākareyyāthā”ti? “Bhagavaṃmūlakā no, bhante, dhammā bhagavaṃnettikā bhagavaṃpaṭisaraṇā. Sādhu vata, bhante, bhagavantaṃyeva paṭibhātu etassa bhāsitassa attho. Bhagavato sutvā bhikkhū dhāressantī”ti. “Tena hi, bhikkhave, suṇātha, sādhukaṃ manasi karotha; bhāsissāmī”ti. “Evaṃ, bhante”ti kho te bhikkhū bhagavato paccassosuṃ. Bhagavā etadavoca–
“Sace bhikkhave, aññatitthiyā paribbājakā evaṃ puccheyyuṃ – ‘tayome, āvuso, dhammā. Katame tayo? Rāgo, doso, moho – ime kho, āvuso, tayo dhammā; imesaṃ, āvuso, tiṇṇaṃ dhammānaṃ ko viseso ko adhippayāso kiṃ nānākaraṇan’ti? Evaṃ puṭṭhā tumhe, bhikkhave, tesaṃ aññatitthiyānaṃ paribbājakānaṃ evaṃ byākareyyātha– ‘rāgo kho, āvuso, appasāvajjo dandhavirāgī, doso mahāsāvajjo khippavirāgī, moho mahāsāvajjo dandhavirāgī’” ti.
“‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno vā rāgo uppajjati uppanno vā rāgo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’ti? ‘Subhanimittantissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa subhanimittaṃ ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno vā rāgo uppajjati uppanno vā rāgo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā rāgo uppajjati uppanno vā rāgo bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’”ti.
“‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno vā doso uppajjati uppanno vā doso bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’ti? ‘Paṭighanimittaṃ tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa paṭighanimittaṃ ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno vā doso uppajjati uppanno vā doso bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā doso uppajjati uppanno vā doso bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’”ti.
“‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno vā moho uppajjati uppanno vā moho bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’ti? ‘Ayoniso manasikāro tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa ayoniso manasi karoto anuppanno vā moho uppajjati uppanno vā moho bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā moho uppajjati uppanno vā moho bhiyyobhāvāya vepullāya saṃvattatī’”ti.
“‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno ceva rāgo nuppajjati uppanno ca rāgo pahīyatī’ti? ‘Asubhanimittantissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa asubhanimittaṃ yoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva rāgo nuppajjati uppanno ca rāgo pahīyati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno ceva rāgo nuppajjati uppanno ca rāgo pahīyatī’”ti.
“‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno ceva doso nuppajjati uppanno ca doso pahīyatī’ti? ‘Mettā cetovimuttī tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa mettaṃ cetovimuttiṃ yoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva doso nuppajjati uppanno ca doso pahīyati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno ceva doso nuppajjati uppanno ca doso pahīyatī’”ti.
“‘Ko panāvuso, hetu ko paccayo yena anuppanno ceva moho nuppajjati uppanno ca moho pahīyatī’ti? ‘Yonisomanasikāro tissa vacanīyaṃ. Tassa yoniso manasi karoto anuppanno ceva moho nuppajjati uppanno ca moho pahīyati. Ayaṃ kho, āvuso, hetu ayaṃ paccayo yena anuppanno vā moho nuppajjati uppanno ca moho pahīyatī’”ti. Aṭṭhamaṃ.